The history of Ma Zhongying's invasion of Ningxia dates back to the autumn of 1927. At that time, Zhao Xi, the commander of Feng Yuxiang's department, appointed the commander of Hezhou (now Linxia) in Gansu Province, and encouraged his department to recruit soldiers and send money, which ran rampant in all directions where the Hui people lived in compact communities, wantonly violating Islamic taboos, arousing strong dissatisfaction among the local Hui people, and the anti-national army sentiment among the Hui people was growing.

1April, 928, there was a dispute between the old and new sects between the Hui people in Xixiang and Nanxiang, Hezhou. Zhao Xipin sent troops to suppress and kill the Hui people, and the resistance of the Hui people was even stronger. At this time, Ma Zhongying, commander of Xining Ningshui Division (from Hezhou), contacted seven people, including Ma and Ma Hushan, and set up a self-defense force from Xixiang, Tianhe Prefecture, Xining, and put forward the slogan of "Don't kill back, don't kill Han, only kill the documents of the national army", calling for the abolition of exorbitant taxes and levies, and forcing cadets to fight against the national army, recruit and prepare for the uprising. In just one month, it has grown to more than 3,000 people. Someone sent guns and ammunition hidden for many years to Ma Zhongying to support the uprising. Some local troops mutinied and joined the Ma Zhongying Department. Ma Zhongying renamed the Independent Regiment "Hei Hu Sucks Feng Jun" and claimed to be the commander. Because he is only 17 years old, he is called "Commander Ga".

At the beginning, in order to win the participation of Han people in opposing the national army, the strict discipline of "killing one Han, paying for it, killing one person, paying for it" was stipulated. Therefore, many people from Han, Dongxiang and Salar ethnic groups participated, and the ranks expanded rapidly. Influenced by narrow national prejudice and alienation from others, the Ma Zhongying Department wantonly killed innocent Han people wherever it went in its later actions. Burning down the houses of the Han people, raping women and plundering property, they did everything they could, causing dissatisfaction among the Han people and isolating themselves. In the process of pursuing Ma Zhongying, the national army slaughtered innocent Hui people. Ma Zhongying hated the national army. Therefore, after Ma Zhongying arrived in Alashan Banner, he wanted to continue northward into Suiyuan Hetao area. His ministry insisted on taking Ningxia first. At the same time, after Ma Zhongying arrived in Alashan Banner, he was received by Wang Qi. 1927, Chairman Menzhizhong of Ningxia Province sent people to Aqi to plan an anti-flag uprising. Qiwang got revenge and encouraged Ma Zhongying to capture Ningxia.