1. Resistance: Lin Zexu and Wei Yuan studied advanced western science and technology to resist British aggression. The suggestions put forward were not adopted by Daoguang.
2. Westernization school: set off the Westernization movement, adhere to wealth, and "use Chinese style and western style". The failure of the Sino-Japanese War declared the bankruptcy of the Westernization Movement. The landlord class could not save China.
3. National bourgeois reformists: Kang Liang set off the reform movement and wanted to take the road of constitutional monarchy. Empress Dowager Cixi launched a 1898 coup and suppressed the Reform Movement. It shows that the road of bourgeois reform doesn't work in China.
4. National bourgeois revolutionaries: The 19 1 1 revolution led by Sun Huang and others wanted to establish American-style democracy and system. As a result, the fruits of the Revolution of 1911 fell into Yuan Shikai's hands. Explain that the bourgeois Republic of * * * won't work in China.
5. Petty bourgeois radicals:1965438+In September 2005, they led the New Culture Movement and put forward the slogans of "democracy" and "science". After the October Revolution, they began to publicize Marxism. It laid the ideological foundation for the establishment of Zhong * *.