1, long-term workers
Gao Changgong, warrior Lan Ling (54 1-573), formerly known as Gao Xiaoxing, also known as Gao Su, was born in the capital of Northern Qi Dynasty (now Anyang, Henan), the grandson of Emperor Gao Huan, the fourth son of Emperor Gao Cheng of Wen Xiang, and his birth mother is unknown. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the imperial clan and generals of the Northern Qi Dynasty were one of the four handsome men in ancient China.
Gao Changgong has a gentle and honest personality, a soft face and a strong heart, and a beautiful voice and appearance. In order to be diligent and meticulous, he was promoted to bing secretariat for many times. At the beginning, Leling County was named the founding duke, and after his brother Yin Gao succeeded to the throne, he was promoted to the king of Lanling County. Later, he served as Shangshuling, Shangshu, Fu, Taibao and Taiwei.
With Duan Shao, he asked Cooper and attacked Ding Yang. When Duan Shaosheng was ill, Gao Changgong always led the crowd. Before and after the Julugong, Changle, Leping, Levin and other county officials, all have meritorious military service.
In the second year of Heqing (563), the Turks invaded Jinyang, and Gao Changgong fought back.
The following year, in the Battle of Mangshan, Gao Changgong was Zhong Jun, and led 500 cavalry to re-enter the encirclement of Zhou Jun until Jin Yong Enemy at the Gates successfully cleared Jin Yong. Gao Changgong won a great reputation in this battle, and the soldiers were full of praise for his battle, which was later called "Brave Lanling Ensemble".
In the fourth year of Wuping (573), Gao Wei, the late ruler of the Northern Qi Dynasty, held a grudge because "state affairs are family affairs" and was given death by the late ruler Gao Wei at the age of 33. After his death, the Northern Qi Dynasty posthumously awarded fake, a surname, and a loyal warrior to posthumous title.
2. Emperor Wendi Sui
Sui Wendi Sui Wendi (2 1, 54 1- 13, August 604) was born in Huayin, Hongnong County (now huayin city, Shaanxi Province). Yang Zhen, the 14th grandson of Han Taiwei, the founding emperor of Sui Dynasty, reigned from Kaiyuan (58 1) to Renshou (604). Xianbei fine print, Xianbei surname Pu Liuru, returned to Yang after Emperor Wendi came to power.
His father, Yang Zhong, was a military aristocrat in the Western Wei and Northern Zhou Dynasties. When Emperor Wudi of the Northern Zhou Dynasty became a vassal, Emperor Wendi of the Sui Dynasty inherited his father's title. When he succeeded to the throne in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty was the pillar of the country and Fu was the foundation of the country. He looked forward to a prosperous future.
In the first year of Dading in Northern Zhou Dynasty (58 1), Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty was abdicated as emperor by Jing Di of Northern Zhou Dynasty, and he was restored as emperor. After Emperor Wendi ascended the throne, he carried out a series of reforms in the political and economic systems. Amend the criminal law and system to adapt to China after the reunification of North and South.
The central government implemented the system of three provinces and six departments, and the three-level system of local counties was changed to the two-level system of counties, which consolidated centralization. Reduce taxes many times, reduce the burden on the people, promote national agricultural production and stabilize economic development.
In the ninth year (589), the King of Jin was sent south to pacify Chen and unify the north and south.
Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty adopted the policy of military defense and political appeal to the surrounding ethnic groups, which effectively handled ethnic contradictions and was honored as "holy Khan" by the northern ethnic minorities. During the reign of the emperor, the Sui Dynasty had a vast territory with a population of more than 7 million.
Emperor Wen was in office for twenty-four years, determined to reform and made outstanding achievements. However, in the later period of his reign, he gradually became suspicious, killed heroes and listened to the words of the Queen Wen. He deposed his eldest son, Yong Yang, and made Yang Guang, the king of Jin, a prince, which laid the groundwork for national subjugation.
Renshou died in Renshou Palace in 604. Sixty-four-year-old, temple name Gaozu, posthumous title Wendi, was buried in Tailing.
3. Li Shimin
Li Shimin (65438+5981October 28th-65438+July 10th, 649), namely Emperor Taizong (reigned from 626 to 649), was born in Bewutang (now the martial arts school in Shaanxi), the second son of Li Yuan and Empress Dou, the second emperor of the Tang Dynasty, an outstanding politician and strategist.
Li Shimin joined the army as a teenager and went to Yanmenguan to rescue Yang Di. After the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, the official residences of Shang Shuling and Wu Youhou were named Qin Gong, and later the King of Qin. He led his troops to pacify Xue, Liu Wuzhou, Dou Jiande and Wang, and made great contributions to the establishment and unification of the Tang Dynasty.
On the fourth day of June in the ninth year of Wude (July 2, 626), Li Shimin launched the "Xuanwumen Rebellion", killing his eldest brother, Prince Li, and his fourth brother, King Li Yuanji of Qi, and his son, and was made a prince. Soon, Tang Gaozu Tang Gaozu abdicated, Li Shimin acceded to the throne, and changed his chastity.
During Li Shimin's reign, he actively listened to the opinions of ministers, ruled the country with courtesy at home, was modest and courteous, practiced economy, advised farmers and mulberry workers, and enabled the people to recuperate, enrich the country and strengthen the people, thus creating a famous chastity rule in the history of China.
Open up the territory to the outside world, attack and destroy the East Turkistan and Xueyantuo, conquer Gaochang, Qiuci and Tuguhun, hit Goguryeo hard, and set up four towns in Anxi, where all ethnic groups lived in harmony, and were honored as "Tiankhan" by people of all ethnic groups, laying an important foundation for the prosperous years of Tang Dynasty 100 years.
On May 3rd, the 23rd year of Zhenguan (10, July 649), Li Shimin died of illness in Hanfengtang, at the age of 52, and he reigned for 23 years. His temple name is Taizong and he was buried in Zhaoling.
4. Chai Rong
Zhou Shizong Chai Rong (92 1 10 959127 October-27 July) was born in Yaoshan, Xingzhou (now Longyao County, Xingtai City, Hebei Province). The second emperor in the late Zhou Dynasty in the Five Dynasties (reigned for 6 years from 954 to 959).
Grandfather Chai Weng and father Chai Shouli are local aristocrats. Growing up beside Guo Wei, he was cautious and honest, and became Guo Wei's adopted son. Strange appearance, good at riding and shooting, slightly familiar with the history of Huang Lao, heavy and silent. When I was young, I once sold tea with a businessman named Xie in Jiangling, and I had some experience of the ugly phenomenon in society.
In the first year of Guang Shun (95 1), after the establishment of Guo Wei, Chai Rong was appointed to govern the state affairs in order to rectify the state affairs and prevent thieves from invading the territory. In the first year of Xiande (954), Guo Wei died and Chai Rong proclaimed himself emperor. During his reign, he trained the whole army, eliminated redundancy, recruited exiles and reduced taxes.
After the Zhou Dynasty, the politics was clear, the people were rich, and the economy of the Central Plains began to recover. The Northern Expedition defeated Shu in the west and captured Qin, Feng, Cheng and Ji. Destroy the southern Tang Dynasty in the south and win fourteen states in Jiangbei and Huainan.
Break the Khitan in the north, and pass through two states and three customs in Lianke. In the sixth year of Shide, he fell ill while discussing the capture of Youzhou. Shortly after his death, he was only 39 years old. His temple name is Sejong, Emperor Wu Ruixiao of posthumous title, and he was buried in Qingling.
5. Zhao Kuangyin
Zhao Kuangyin (March 2, 9271-June165438+1October14,976) was born in Jiamaying, Luoyang (now Dongguan, Chanhe District, Luoyang City, Henan Province).
Military strategist and martial artist from the Five Dynasties to the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the founding emperor of the Song Dynasty (reigned on February 4, 960-976 165438+ 10/4). The second son of Zhao (Song Xuanzu), the garrison commander of the capital of the Zhou Dynasty, was Du (Queen Zhao Xian).
In the later Han Dynasty, Zhao Kuangyin defected to Guo Wei in Yin Di. After the establishment of the Later Zhou Dynasty, Zhao Kuangyin began to join the army, which was highly valued by Zhou Shizong and Chai Rong. When conquering the Southern Tang Dynasty, he made many meritorious deeds. When Chai Rong was seriously ill, he appointed Zhao Kuangyin as the commander-in-chief in front of the temple, in charge of the imperial guards in front of the temple.
Shortly after Zhou Gongdi ascended the throne, he was ordered to resist the Northern Han and Qidan allied forces. Immediately in the "Chen Qiao mutiny" was made emperor. After the army returned to Beijing, Emperor Gong was forced to meditate and ascended the throne, which was called "Song" and "Northern Song" in history.
6. Kublai Khan
Kublai Khan (1215-1294) in Borzijit Banner, namely Yuan Shizu, Mongolian, politician and strategist. Yuan Xianzong, Torre's fourth son, was the supervisor of the country. The last Khan of Mongolia was also the first emperor of the Yuan Dynasty. Mongolian is honored as "Snow Zen Khan".
125 1 year, Mongo appointed Kublai Khan as Prime Minister, and he was stationed in the southern capital. Xing zhou, a political official and Han Confucian scholar, set up a policy department in the capital of song dynasty to rectify the military and political affairs in Henan (now Luoyang) and pacify the land of Tang and Deng, which achieved positive results.
1253 was granted land by Jingzhao (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi). In the same year, Kublai Khan was ordered to explore Dali with Uriyangqatai. 1258, Meng Ge attacked the Southern Song Dynasty and appointed Kublai Khan as the general of the East Route Army.
1259 September, Mongo died in Hezhou front. 1260 in March, Kublai Khan was pushed by some kings, that is, Khan was located in Kaiping, and the Central Plains was established. Kublai Khan relied on the abundant manpower and material resources of the Han Dynasty to send troops to defeat Ali Buge.
127 1 year (eight years to Yuan Dynasty), taking the meaning of "Great Gan Yuan" in the Book of Changes, the founding number was Dayuan, and most of them were its capital.
1274 (11th year of Zhiyuan), Bo Yan was ordered to cut the Song Dynasty. 1279 (16th year of Yuan Dynasty) finally wiped out the remnants of the Southern Song Dynasty in exile in Yashan, and completed the great reunification of the whole country.
7. Zhu Yuanzhang
Zhu Yuanzhang (1328 65438+ 10/2124 June 398), a native of Fengyang, Anhui Province, Han nationality, was originally named Chongba, and later named Xingzong. He joined the Guo Zixing army and changed his name to Zhu Yuanzhang. Politician, strategist, military commander-in-chief, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty.
Zhu Yuanzhang was very poor when he was a child. He used to herd cattle for the landlord. /kloc-entered the ancestral temple in 0/344. At the age of 25, he took part in the Red Scarf Army uprising led by Guo Zixing against the Yuan Dynasty. 1356, was regarded as Wu Gong by his subordinates.
In the same year, Qing Ji Road was captured and changed to Tianfu (now Nanjing, Jiangsu). 1367, Xu Da and Chang Yuchun were ordered to send troops to the Northern Expedition with the slogan of "expelling Land Rover and restoring China". /kloc-at the beginning of 0/368, Zhu Yuanzhang proclaimed himself emperor in Yingtianfu, with the title Daming Hongwu.
In autumn, most of them were captured, ending the rule of the Yuan Dynasty in the whole country. Mongolian nobles fled to the north, and sixteen states of Youyun ceded by the late Jin Dynasty were also recovered. And pacify the southwest, northwest, northeast and other places, and finally unify China.
8. Li Hongzhang
Li Hongzhang (1823 February15-19011October 7th), whose real name is "Fu" and the number is "Shao Quanlin". A famous minister in the late Qing Dynasty, one of the main leaders of the Westernization Movement, was internationally known as "Li".
As an important official in the late Qing Dynasty, Li Hongzhang was the founder and commander-in-chief of the Huai Army and Beiyang Navy, and one of the leaders of the Westernization Movement. He established China's first Western-style navy, Beiyang Navy, and first-class general Su Yibo.
He participated in a series of major historical events in his life, including the suppression of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, the suppression of the Nian Army Uprising, the Westernization Movement and the Sino-Japanese War. On behalf of the Qing government, he signed a series of unequal treaties, such as the Vietnam Treaty, the treaty of shimonoseki, the Concise Treaty between China and France, and the Xin Chou Treaty.
9. Confucius
Confucius (September 28th, 5565438 BC-April 65438 BC) was born in the state of Lu (now Qufu, Shandong) at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period.
Yi Li (now Xiayi, Henan) was born in Song Dynasty, an ancient thinker and educator in China, and the founder of Confucianism. He initiated the atmosphere of private lectures and advocated benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and faith.
Tian Lei 10
Tian Lei (? -257 BC) The Warring States Policy was written by Gong, a native of Yan County (now Baijia Village, Changxing Town, Meixian County, Shaanxi Province) during the Warring States Period.
Start with the last name. Bai was a native of Chu, and many epitaphs of Bai in Tang Dynasty recorded in detail that his ancestor was Wang Sun of Chu Ping. The white theory contained in the book of the New Tang Dynasty Prime Minister's Genealogy has been wrongly proved to be wrong. China was a military strategist, a famous military strategist and a representative of the military strategist in the Warring States Period.
Tian Lei is good at fighting, and has a good relationship with Wei Ran, the eldest brother of Xu Antai, the State of Qin. Leitian fought in the Six Kingdoms during the Qin and Zhao Haoqi periods, and made great contributions to the unification of the Six Kingdoms.
In the Iraq war, he defeated the Wei-Han allied forces and captured the capital city of Chu, Yong City. The battle of Changping hit Zhao's main force hard and made outstanding achievements. Tian Lei served as the general of Qin State for more than 30 years, besieged more than 70 cities, wiped out nearly one million enemy troops, and was named Wu Anjun.
1 1, Qin Shihuang
Qin Shihuang (259 BC-265438 BC+00 BC) surnamed Zhao, also known as (Zheng) and, or Zulong, was the son of Wang Xiang of Qin Zhuang.
China is a famous politician, strategist and reformer in history, an iron-fisted politician who unified China, and the first monarch in China to be called the emperor.
Qin Shihuang was born in Handan (now Handan), the capital of Zhao State, and spent his youth here. In the first 247 years, 13 was king. In the first 238 years, I was 22 years old, and I held the coronation ceremony of the monarch in Yongcheng, the old capital, and began to "manage state affairs personally", getting rid of Lv Buwei, Lao Ai and others, and reusing Reese and Liao Wei.
From 230 to 22 1 year, Korea, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan and Qi were destroyed successively. At the age of 39, he completed the great cause of reunifying China, established a powerful centralized country with the Han nationality as the main body, and laid the territory of China.
Liu Che 12
Liu Che (BC156-March 29th, 87 BC), namely Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the seventh emperor of the Western Han Dynasty, was a politician and strategist.
During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (before 1, 4 1-87 years), the Chinese and foreign dynasties, the system of secretariat of history and the procuratorial system were established politically, and the law of commendation was promulgated to strengthen the autocratic monarchy and centralization.
Economically, measures such as leveling, continuous losing, counting and informing were implemented to cast five baht currency, which made the government monopolize the operation of salt, iron and wine and suppressed the influence of wealthy businessmen.
Culturally, it "ousted a hundred schools of thought and respected Confucianism alone" and established imperial academy. Externally, Emperor Wudi adopted an expansion policy. In addition to fighting the Huns for years, it also broke Fujian and Vietnam, South Vietnam, Weishi Korea and Dawan, hollowed out the western regions, opened up the Silk Road and opened up the southwest.
In addition, there are some measures, such as creating a year number and issuing a calendar in the early days. However, he believed in magic, took pride in luxury and resorted to military tactics, which led to the crisis of rule and the outbreak of witchcraft in his later years. Later, because of the frustration of external expansion, it was awarded the "Imperial Decree of Wheel Platform".
In the second year of Yuan Dynasty (87 BC), Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty collapsed in Zuo Wu Palace at the age of 70 and was buried in Maoling.
13, Guan Yu
Guan Yu (? -220), formerly known as Xianren, later changed to Yunchang, a native of Xie Xian County, Hedong County (now Yuncheng, Shanxi Province), known as "Beard".
In his early years, he followed Liu Bei around and became brothers with Liu Bei and Zhang Fei. Therefore, although Guan Yu was treated well by Cao Cao, he took the opportunity to leave Cao Cao and follow Liu Bei.
After Battle of Red Cliffs, Guan Yu helped Liu Bei and Zhou Yu attack the southern county where Coss was stationed, and then Liu Bei's power gradually grew, while Guan Yu was guarding Jingzhou for a long time.
In the twenty-four years of Jian 'an, Guan Yu gradually gained the upper hand in the military friction with Cao Ren, then went hand in hand with land and water, besieged Xiangyang and Fancheng, and used the autumn heavy rain to drown the seventh army, destroying all the troops who came to the rescue. Guan Yu shocked China, which made Cao Cao once have the idea of moving the capital to avoid Guan Yu's sharpness.
But later, Sun Quan of Soochow sent Monroe and Lu Xun to attack Guan Yu's rear. Guan Yu lost in the battle with Huang Xu, and finally lost ground and was killed.
Sima Yan 14
Sima Yan (16,236-May 290), namely Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty (reigned from 265 to 290). An Shi, born in Wenxian County, Hanoi (now Wenxian County, Henan Province), was the founding emperor of the Jin Dynasty.
The grandson of Sima Yi, the emperor of Jin Dynasty, the nephew of Sima Shi, the eldest son of Emperor Wen of Jin Dynasty, and the stepfather of Emperor Wen of Jin Dynasty.
In the second year of Emperor Xianxi (265), he attacked his father. A few months later, he forced Cao Huan, the emperor of Wei Yuan, to abdicate on his own, and became the capital of Luoyang in the early Yuan Dynasty. In the fifth year of Xianning (279), Du Yu and others were ordered to divide their forces and attack the State of Wu. The next year, Wu was destroyed and the whole country was unified.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he adopted a series of economic measures to develop production and promulgated the family model (including farmland occupation system, household modulation system and farmland occupation system). During the reign of Taikang, there was a scene of prosperity in the Western Jin Dynasty, which was called "the rule of Taikang" in history.
However, after the demise of Wu, it gradually became lazy and extravagant. In the first year of Taixi (290), he died of illness. He was Emperor Wu of posthumous title, the ancestral temple, and was known as Emperor Wu of Jin. Bury Yang Jun's mausoleum.
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