Answer: (1) Meaning: Pestalozzi is the first educator who clearly put forward the slogan "Educational Psychology" in the history of education. He firmly believes that human beings have a basic psychological law, and educational psychology is to find this law and raise education to a scientific level. Educational science should be based on the laws of people's psychological activities.

The specific requirements of "educational psychology" are:

First, the purpose and theoretical guidance of education are based on the natural law of children's natural development;

Second, make the selection and compilation of teaching content suitable for children's learning psychological laws, even if the teaching content is psychological. Based on this, he put forward the theory of factor education.

Third, the teaching principles and methods of psychology. Firstly, the teaching process should be coordinated with the students' cognitive process; Pestalozzi regards intuition as the basic teaching principle; Step by step is another important principle of psychology.

Fourth, let children become their own educators. That is to mobilize the initiative of children in a timely manner and let them educate themselves.

(2) Influence: Pestalozzi's "Educational Psychology" is re-extended from Rousseau's natural education thought. It further established Rousseau's thought that education should adapt to human nature and started the movement of "educational psychology" in the west.

"Educational Psychology" not only became the important theoretical basis of his own theory of harmonious development of human beings, factor education, simplified teaching methods and primary school teaching methods, but also had a great influence on the gradual development of "educational psychology" in Europe in the19th century. Pestalozzi's Theory of Educational Psychology