After the founding of the Republic of China, the first congress was officially scheduled to open in Beijing on April 8, 2003. Among the elected members, the Kuomintang accounted for more than half, which caused Yuan Shikai's panic and sent someone to assassinate Song, an important leader of the Kuomintang, which made Yang Yin very angry. Yang Yin studied Shaolin Boxing as a teenager, and often followed Sun Yat-sen. 19 14, Yang Yin learned that Yuan Shikai's confidant and Shanghai ambassador Zheng Rucheng was involved in instigating thugs to kill Song, so he decided to follow Jing Ke's example and assassinate Zheng Rucheng to avenge Song. One day, when Yang Yin got the news that Zheng Rucheng was out, he was waiting by the roadside posing as a passerby with a bomb. When Zheng Rucheng swaggered through the city, Yang Yin took out a bomb from her pocket and threw it at Zheng Rucheng, injuring her and falling off her horse. Yang Yin took advantage of the chaos to enter a nearby barber shop, and casually asked the barber to have a haircut, cleverly and tactfully avoiding the search and tracing by the military and police. Although Zheng Rucheng was not killed, Yang Yin's action dealt a heavy blow to Yuan Shikai's loyal minions in Shanghai, which made the revolutionaries breathe a sigh of relief and was highly praised by everyone. Since then, Yang Yin has gained popularity in revolutionary party member.
19 17 In September, with the support of warlords in southern Guangxi and Yunnan, Sun Yat-sen established the military government of the Republic of China in Guangzhou and was promoted to marshal. Yang Yin served as an adjutant in the War Department of Marshal's Office and actively participated in the struggle to protect the law. 19 18 In May, Sun Yat-sen was forced to resign because he was held hostage by Guangxi warlords in the military government, and Yang Yin also angrily left the Marshal House to join the army. 19 19 At the beginning of this year, Yang Yin worked as a teacher in Guangzhou Xiguan Salt Inspection Institute. Yang Yin is very sympathetic to the poor and often comes to the dock to understand the plight of workers, which gradually changes his thoughts and feelings.
After the May 4th Movement broke out, various social thoughts spread widely in Guangdong. Yang Yin bought books such as ABC of Production and Manifesto of Production Party in the street and read them eagerly. Attracted by capitalism, he went to the bookstore to buy "Socialist Political Economy" and "Das Kapital" and began to study Marxism-Leninism seriously. This summer, Yang Yin said to his two friends, Yang and Liang Furan, "The revolutionary problem in China cannot be solved by the Kuomintang. Only the leadership of the * * * production party and the October Revolution are the way out for China. I believe that there must be * * * production party organizations in Guangdong, and I want to know them. "
Afterwards, Yang and Liang Furan reported Yang Yin's political performance and behavior to Tan Pingshan, secretary of Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China. Tan Pingshan said: "In this way, Yang Yin's thoughts tend to progress. He is really not a simple man. Please contact him and be responsible for helping to educate him. " 1922 autumn, introduced by Yang and Liang Furan, Yang Yin joined the producer party in China. After joining the Party, Yang Yin resolutely resigned as a well-paid teacher of the Salt Inspection Institute in order to devote himself to the Party's work. At that time, Yang Yin not only had a high salary, but also had a lot of money, buildings and real estate. Some comrades in the party joked after seeing him: "Look, we brought Lu Junyi." Yang Yin is infinitely loyal to the cause of the Party. In order to help the party solve the financial difficulties of activities, he sold several buildings in his home and land in his hometown, and donated souvenirs, jewelry and jewels left by his dead wife to the organization as revolutionary funds. In order to concentrate on the work of the party, he left two young children to be raised by relatives and friends. After the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, in June of 1923, 10 and 1, Yang Yin was elected as a member of the Fourth Division of the Kuomintang and concurrently served as a secretary. Considering Yang Yin's extensive and close ties with the workers in the group in the past and his high prestige, the party organization decided that he should launch the workers' movement in Guangzhou. Through struggle, Yang Yin and others developed the first batch of party member among the backbone workers and established the Party organization. In order to carry out the workers' movement extensively, the party organization sent Yang Yin to Foshan, Shunde and other places to organize trade unions in various industries, develop party member and cultivate backbones. Yang Yin also went deep into the grass roots of trade unions, carried out publicity, education and organization among workers, and gradually unified the Guangzhou workers' movement. 1924 1 In May, all trade unions in Guangzhou jointly convened the Guangzhou Workers' Congress, and decided to set up the executive committee of the Guangzhou Workers' Congress, and elected Liu Ersong as the chairman and Yang Yin as the consultant. At this time, the party Yang Yin went to the railway to carry out the workers' movement. He moved his family near the railway and sent his two cousins to work in the railway to strengthen contact with workers. Under the leadership of Yang Yin, the railway workers improved their consciousness and strengthened their unity through struggle. Soon, the Guangdong-Han Railway Federation of Trade Unions, the Guangzhou-Kowloon Railway Federation of Trade Unions and the Guangzhou-San Railway Federation of Trade Unions were established one after another.
1924 10, a business group rebelled in Guangzhou in an attempt to overthrow the revolutionary government. Under the leadership of China * * * Production Party, Yang Yin, Ruan Xiaoxian, Liu Ersong and Yang Paoan organized revolutionary armed forces of workers, peasants and soldiers respectively, and cooperated with the student army of Huangpu Military Academy to quickly put down the rebellion. 1in the autumn of 924, the party organization sent Yang Yin to Hongkong to work with Su and Lin. His public identity is the Commissioner of the Central Workers' Department of the Kuomintang.
On the eve of the May 30th Movement, Yang Yin returned to Guangzhou, which coincided with the Guangdong Revolutionary Government's transfer of troops eastward to suppress the rebellion of Yang and Liu. District Party Committee transferred him, Deng Pei, Feng Jupo, Yang and others to be responsible for organizing railway workers in Guangzhou, Guangzhou, Kowloon, Guangdong and Han provinces to strike, cut off rebel transport, and rush the Crusaders back to Guangzhou at the same time. After hard work and close cooperation with the revolutionary armed forces, the broad masses of workers quickly put down the rebellion of Liu and Yang. After the rebellion of Liu and Yang was put down, Yang Yin was ordered to go to Hong Kong to take part in leading the strike in the provinces and ports. Deng Zhongxia, Yang Yin and Su agreed to form a leading group for the general strike in Hong Kong to lead all aspects of work in Hong Kong in a unified way. Yang Yin is mainly responsible for contacting the trade unions and maintaining the general strike. Due to the need of struggle strategy, although Yang Yin did not hold the public leadership position of the Guangdong-Hong Kong strike, he made important contributions to the strike and enjoyed high prestige among Hong Kong workers. Therefore, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China later called Yang Yin "the most famous strike leader in the history of China". The leader of our party's early intelligence security work. 1On the morning of August 20th, 925, Liao, the leader of the left wing of the Kuomintang, drove to the Central Party Department of the Kuomintang and was unfortunately assassinated by gangsters in front of the door. Facing the frenzied counter-revolutionary activities of the enemy, Chen Yannian, secretary of Guangdong District Committee of the Communist Party of China, instructed Yang Yin to strengthen intelligence work. Yang Yin took advantage of the opportunity as a consultant of Guangzhou Public Security Bureau to select a group of party member from seafarers and put them in the Municipal Public Security Bureau and the Kuomintang government agencies to collect information and protect the left. Select a group of capable workers from strikers in various provinces and ports and set up intelligence stations in various provinces, Hong Kong and Macao. He trained Li Shaotang, a female car and clothing worker in Hong Kong, as an excellent information and transportation official. Carpenter Zheng Quan is also an intelligence agent trained by Yang Yin. He helped Yang Yin master the dynamics of the struggle during the strikes in Guangdong and Hong Kong and the Guangzhou Uprising, and then entered the Intelligence Department of garrison headquarters, Guangzhou, where he collected information for the Party and made important contributions. He also opened the Rong Lu Club in Wende Road, Guangzhou, where he received senior party and government cadres and intellectuals and sent people to collect information from them.
After the failure of the Great Revolution, Yang Yin sent party member and Li Sheng as spies to the enemy Guangzhou Public Security Bureau, and arranged for him to work in the intelligence department of the Kuomintang Guangzhou and garrison headquarters through relations. Li Sheng also recruited Zhu Huiri, director of Guangzhou Public Security Bureau, and Chen Tian and Liang Wen, drivers of Guangzhou Public Security Bureau Secretary-General, to join the Party, which provided a lot of important information for the Party. On the eve of the Guangzhou Uprising, Yang Yin learned of Zhou Wenyong's residence after his arrest, and after careful arrangement, he rescued Zhou Wenyong.
On April 15, after Chiang Kai-shek slaughtered workers and peasants in Guangzhou, Liang Guihua, secretary of the Hong Kong Regional Working Committee, was arrested by the Hong Kong authorities for selling out traitors. Through various connections, Yang Yin rescued Liang and brought him to Macau, making him safe from danger. In order to convey information, Yang Yin often sends her daughter, Yang Ailan, who is only eleven or twelve years old, to and from Hong Kong and Macao with information. Yang and Yin are alert and resourceful. On one occasion, he and Liang Furan went to Hainan Island from Hong Kong and were discovered by enemy agents on board. He broke up with Liang Furan decisively, got rid of enemy agents and got off the boat early. Workers and the masses are very concerned about Yang Yin's safety, and specially made a mezzanine box for him to hold secret documents and self-defense weapons. This mezzanine box is now on display at the Museum of Chinese Revolution.
When the Kuomintang Rightists killed Mr. Liao, a famous leftist leader, Yang Yin also used his status as a consultant of the Public Security Bureau to organize his efforts to solve the sensational case of the Kuomintang Rightists killing Mr. Liao, and finally found out the case. It turned out that the murderer of Mr. Liao was even involved in Hu, an important member of the Kuomintang. Because Yang Yin solved the case quickly and the evidence was sufficient, the truth of the case was revealed to the world. As a result, people were furious and insisted on punishing the murderer. But under the protection of the right-wing reactionary forces, the murderer escaped. However, Yang Yin, who made great contributions to solving this case, aroused the fear of the right. Right-winger Qian Dajun forcibly took over the revolutionary Guangzhou Public Security Bureau, forcing Yang Yin to leave. This incident made Yang Yin realize that the people's own public security organs must be established.
1926 65438+ 10, the Kuomintang of China held its second national congress in Guangzhou. During the congress, the Kuomintang Rightists plotted to assassinate the producers and the Kuomintang leftists, undermining state cooperation. The Guangdong District Committee decided to send Yang Yin to take charge of the security work of the conference. Yang Yin selected a group of cadres of workers and peasants who were politically reliable and well-trained in military martial arts, and formed a special security brigade. Under the leadership of Wu, secretary-general of the conference, he strengthened security work day and night to ensure the smooth progress of the conference.
1927 After the August 7th meeting, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to lead the Southern Bureau by Zhou Enlai and others. Before people arrived, Zhang, Yang Yin and Zhang organized a temporary Southern Bureau to prepare and guide the riots and all political and military affairs. 10 On June 5438+05, Nanfang Bureau and Guangdong Provincial Party Committee held a joint meeting in Hong Kong, and decided that Zhang should take charge of the overall work and be the secretary of Guangdong Provincial Party Committee, and Yang Yin should be responsible for the leadership of the two committees of Provisional Nanfang Bureau, and concurrently serve as a member of Guangdong Provincial Party Committee and be responsible for the work of the working committee. He presided over the establishment of the Committee to eliminate counter-revolutionaries, and set up the intelligence bureau (similar to today's intelligence bureau) and the pistol team (also known as the Red Terrorist Team) to collect information, hunt down counter-revolutionaries and maintain social order. These institutions are also the embryonic form of various forms of public security organs under the leadership of our party. After the failure of the Guangzhou Uprising, Yang Yin came to Hong Kong to deal with the aftermath of the Uprising, received and resettled the insurgents in Hong Kong, and continued to be responsible for the party's intelligence and transportation work. According to the instructions of the Central Committee, the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee decided to hold an uprising in Guangzhou, and set up a general headquarters to lead the uprising. Zhang Ren was in charge and Yang Yin participated in leading the uprising. He was in charge of the staff committee of the general headquarters, collected information, and assisted in guiding military technology and formulating the uprising action plan before Ye Ting arrived in Guangzhou. Yang Yin and Zhou Wenyong also organized secret workers scattered in Guangzhou's handcarts, railways, automobiles and other industries into the Workers' Red Guard. Yang Yin is in charge of commanding the West Road Rebel Army. On February 7, 65438, Zhang and Yang Yin held a meeting of representatives of workers, peasants and soldiers in Guangzhou and decided to hold an uprising on February 3, 18. Later, because the reactionaries leaked the date, it was changed to the early morning of June 5438+0 1.
65438+February 1 1 3 am, Guangzhou uprising broke out. The Soviet government in Guangzhou was proclaimed in the battle, and Yang Yin was appointed as a people's counter-revolutionary. At the first meeting of the Soviet Union, he reported on counter-revolutionary work. After the meeting, a number of counter-revolutionaries were ordered to be executed, and the insurgents were informed to strengthen the work of eliminating counter-revolutionaries, maintain revolutionary order and control traffic. Yang Yin also arranged for the railway workers' death squads who participated in the attack on the Public Security Bureau to quickly return to Guangsan, Yuehan and Guangjiu Road, occupy and hold the station, cut off the enemy's transportation, and prevent the enemy from attacking Guangzhou. At the same time, he dispatched locomotives to transport suburban agricultural troops into the city to help the insurgents. These arrangements of Yang Yin played an important role in the uprising. According to the Shanghai Daily, "Huang Qixiang wants to send troops back to Guangzhou, and the railway is all in the hands of the * * * party, so it is very difficult to transport troops." This proves that the railway workers led by Yang Yin did make great contributions to the uprising.
/kloc-at noon on 0/2, Zhang, the chairman of Guangzhou Soviet, was shot and Yang Yin was appointed as the acting chairman of Guangzhou Soviet. 13 On June 38, the insurgents decided to withdraw from Guangzhou in order to save their strength. Yang Yin insisted on commanding the Red Guards to fight until the enemy approached the Public Security Bureau. Only then did he lead more than a dozen Red Guards out of Guangzhou to join Peng Pai and others in Hailufeng to uphold and expand the armed struggle in Hailufeng.
After the failure of Guangzhou uprising, Yang Yin, like other uprising leaders, was wrongly criticized and punished. Yang Yin didn't agree with this simple and rude treatment, but he didn't personally defend himself, regardless of personal grievances and honors, and still went all out to deal with the aftermath of the uprising and actively received comrades who were placed in Hong Kong. At that time, many comrades were living in Hong Kong and Macao, and their families were in urgent need of pensions. He tried everywhere, and at the same time patiently educated everyone to strengthen the confidence that the revolution would win, pointing out that "the uprising failed, but the blood would not flow in vain." It's the twelfth lunar month, isn't spring coming? " He encouraged everyone to "work harder to prepare our strength, avenge the dead workers, peasants and soldiers, and fight for the Soviet Union left by the martyrs!" Soon, the CPC Central Committee corrected the "Left" punitive mistakes. On April 13, the Guangdong Provincial Committee held an enlarged meeting, and Yang Yin was elected as a member of the provincial Committee. In the summer of Moscow 1928, Yang Yin was elected as a member of the Central Committee. At the First Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee, Yang Yin was elected as Alternate member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau. In order to strengthen the party's military work, the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China decided to restore the Central Military Department, with Yang Yin as minister, Yang Yin, Zhou Enlai, Xiang Ying, Changyi Yan, Peng Pai and Guan Xiangying as members, and Li Shuoxun, Li Chaoshi and Peng Ganchen as members soon. 192910/7 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China clearly pointed out in the Outline of the Current Military Work Plan that the Central Military Commission is the highest military leading body in the Communist Party of China (CPC).
After returning to China, Yang Yin worked for the CPC Central Committee in Shanghai, led the armed struggles in Sulu and Anhui, and made contributions to our party's military work. After the fall of the Soviet regime in Hailufeng, Bai Xin, a regimental commander of Peng Pai, came to Shanghai to work as a secretary in the Central Military Commission. Soon, Peng Pai was ordered to go to Shanghai as the secretary of the Central Agriculture Committee and the secretary of the Jiangsu Military Commission. Yang Yin, then Minister of the Central Ministry of War, decided to let Bai Xin be Peng Pai's secretary. Bai Xin's residence has thus become an important contact point of the Party. However, as the national revolution entered a low tide, Bai Xin was frightened by the white terror and lost confidence in the future of the revolution. He was rewarded with a car and 50 thousand yuan by the enemy for betraying his comrades-in-arms and became a shameful traitor.
1On the morning of August 24th, 929, Bai Xin received instructions from Peng Pai to hold a meeting of the Military Commission at Bai Xin's home at 3 pm. Bai Xin estimated that Zhou Enlai, Yang Yin and Peng Pai would attend the meeting. After he and his wife got ready, they went out to tell Fan Zhengbo, the director of Shanghai Public Security Bureau, on the pretext of stomachache. At 4 o'clock in the afternoon, Yang Yin, Peng Pai, Zhang Jichun, deputy commander-in-chief of Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions, Changyi Yan, member of the Central Military Commission and head of the soldier movement in Jiangsu Province, gathered for a meeting on the second floor of Bai Xin's home at No.2 Xijingxin Road 12 in Shanghai, and were arrested by the French Concession and the Shanghai Public Security Bureau.
After Peng Pai, Yang Yin and others were arrested, the CPC Central Committee and Zhou Enlai tried their best to rescue them. They planned to rescue Peng and Yang on their way to Longhua garrison headquarters, but they failed. In the enemy's criminal court, the interrogator said to Yang Yin: "You are a member of the old alliance, and together with the founding fathers overthrew the Qing Dynasty, you are a person who has contributed to the country. As long as you change your mind and come back to the Kuomintang team now, Mr. Jiang will not treat you badly, and you can arrange a position of a senior official for you to enjoy the splendor. " Yang Yin sneered, "You scum have betrayed Dr. Sun Yat-sen's Three People's Principles and run counter to Mr. Sun, which will only ruin his reputation. You are reactionaries in the Kuomintang, and you only know how to bring disaster to the country and the people. I can never surrender. " Yang Yin fought against the enemy with the awe-inspiring righteousness of the producers, denounced the counter-revolutionary crimes of the Kuomintang reactionaries and publicized our party's political views. In prison, he never gave up the opportunity to work for the party. He constantly publicized the revolution to the inmates and guards, exposed the ugly acts of imperialism and reactionaries, and talked about the pain. Many people and soldiers were moved by it, and some even lamented the new Kuomintang warlord. Yang Yin and others often sing international songs to inspire comrades in prison.
Yang Yin and Peng Pai also reported their arrest to the CPC Central Committee through their relationship, and put forward countermeasures: all five arrested people should try their best to avoid the death penalty; If this one can't do it, we will sacrifice the hopeless Peng Pai and Yang Yin and try to save the other three. They also wrote to Zhou Enlai and the CPC Central Committee, hoping that important responsible comrades in the party would cherish themselves and serve the party. I hope to do more education for comrades who have made mistakes in the party in order to educate the whole party. Finally, Peng and Yang advised comrades not to be sad because of sacrifice, and hoped that everyone would take care of themselves.
On August 30th, Chiang Kai-shek personally ordered the secret execution of Peng Pai, Yang Yin, Xing Shizhen. When Yang Yin was executed, she was as calm as ever and said with a smile: "Those who listen to the Tao will die in the evening!" Generously said his last words to the soldiers and the people in prison, sang internationales, shouted slogans and died heroically. Yang Yin's words made ordinary soldiers burst into tears, even the guards hid their faces. Yang Yin was only 36 when he died.
After Yang Yin and other four martyrs died, Zhou Enlai was very sad. He educated everyone to carry forward the martyr's legacy, persisted in the revolution, proposed using revolutionary means to suppress counter-revolution, avenged the party and eliminated the traitor, and decided to severely punish the traitor Bai Xin. Soon, he ordered Comrade Kurt to finally kill Bai Xin and several Kuomintang agents. Zhou Enlai also drafted the circular "Answering Counter-revolutionary Massacre with the Revolutionary Struggle of the Masses" for the Central Committee, outlining the deeds of four martyrs, exposing the crimes of imperialism and Kuomintang reactionaries in killing four martyrs, and calling on: "Workers and peasants throughout the country have worked hard! Get up! Commemorate the lesson of Peng Yang's leadership blood! Get up! Fight resolutely and often with the imperialist Kuomintang! " /kloc-in September of 0/4, Zhou Enlai wrote the article "Blood and tears in memory of our leader", accusing the reactionaries of bloody crimes, praising the heroic acts of four martyrs and calling on the people to resolutely fight against the reactionaries.
After Peng Pai, Yang Yin and other martyrs died, the Red Army established Pengyang Military Academy to train Party and Red Army cadres with revolutionary spirit of martyrs. The Central Soviet Area established Yangyin County to commemorate the martyrs. The martyr spirit of * * * has nurtured the continuous growth of generations of revolutionaries.