He joined the army during the Revolution of 1911, and 1926 joined the China * * * Production Party. Participated in the Northern Expedition, the August 1st Nanchang Uprising, the Agrarian Revolutionary War, the Long March, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the Liberation War. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he served as the second secretary of the Southwest Bureau of the Central Committee, the chairman of the Southwest Military and Political Committee, the president and political commissar of the China People's Liberation Army Military Academy, and the vice chairman of the People's Revolutionary Military Committee of the Central People's Government. 1955 was awarded the rank of marshal. 1986 10 died in Beijing on 10, at the age of 94. Liu Bocheng has made immortal contributions to the liberation of the Chinese nation and the people of China, made outstanding contributions to China's national defense and socialist construction, and made outstanding contributions to the normalization and modernization of our army.
Early experience
Comrade Liu Bocheng is the marshal of the people of China (1955). Military strategist. Liu was originally named Bocheng. 189265438+Born in Zhaojiachang, Kaixian County, Sichuan Province on February 4th. He went to a private school at the age of 5, and began to receive new education at the age of 12. /kloc-at the age of 0/5, due to his father's death and family difficulties, he was forced to drop out of school to work in agriculture and determined to "save the people from fire and water".
democratic revolution
Liu Bocheng
19 1 1 year, when the storm of the revolution of 1911 swept the land of China, he resolutely chose the road of joining the army. At that time, many relatives and friends disapproved of this move, but he generously replied: "A gentleman saves the people from fire and water, regardless of wealth?" He cut off his pigtails and devoted himself to the democratic revolution led by Sun Yat-sen with the firm belief of Qiang Bing, a rich country.
19 12 In February, I was admitted to the distribution school run by the Shu military government in Chongqing to study various modern military courses. At the same time, he is familiar with China's ancient art books, and can recite many classic chapters such as Sun Tzu and Woods. During the 10 months in Jiangshu School, he not only achieved excellent academic results, but also was famous for his decent behavior, integrity and getting rid of bad habits, and was called "Bodhisattva" in the army by his classmates.
1965438+After graduation at the end of 2002, he was assigned to the Xiong Kewu Department of Sichuan Army's 5th Division, and served as company quartermaster, platoon leader and company commander.
19 13 participated in the battle for Yuan in Sichuan. After the failure, he joined the China Revolutionary Party led by Sun Yat-sen in 19 14.
19 15 At the end of the year, he was ordered to return to Sichuan and set up a team of more than 400 people to form the 4th detachment of the National Protection Army in East Sichuan.
1965438+In March 2006, he was shot in the right eye and disabled while commanding an attack on Fengdu County. In the process of healing, in order not to damage the cranial nerve, he endured the terrible pain and insisted on not playing anesthetic. He was praised as "the god of the army" by the German doctor who was the chief surgeon.
19 17 participated in the war to protect the law, and served as the chief of staff of the 9 th Brigade of the 5 th Division of the Sichuan Army and the head of the Security Corps of the Sichuan Military Supervision Office.
1923 took part in the war against Wu, the northern warlord, and served as the commander of the East Road Thief Corps 1 Lu Jun, winning the battle to attack Longquanyi. In August, his right leg was seriously injured in the battle. During my medical treatment in Chengdu, I met He Wu, two Sichuan-born industrialists, and began to accept Marxism.
From 1924 to 10, I accompanied Wu to Shanghai, Beijing, Guangzhou and other places to inspect the situation of the national revolution and the social situation in China. What he saw and heard along the way strengthened his belief in capitalism.
May 1926, and Wu Jing introduced, formally joined the China * * * production party. In February 65438, he served as a member of the Military Committee of Chongqing prefectural committee and was ordered to launch the Lushun (Qing) uprising with Yang Angong and Zhu De. Because he was familiar with the situation of the Sichuan Army and lived up to expectations, he was entrusted with the important task of "Commander-in-Chief of the Sichuan Army of the National Revolutionary Army". During the uprising of 167, he dispatched troops, advanced and retreated well, governed the country by the people, handled everything with ease, effectively cooperated with the Northern Expedition, and realized the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's strategic goal of containing the eastward advance of Sichuan warlord troops and threatening Wuhan.
Agricultural revolution
1927 April, was appointed as the temporary 15 army commander by the Wuhan National Government, which was the first party member army commander position in the National Revolutionary Army. In late July, he secretly moved to Nanchang, led the Nanchang Uprising with Zhou Enlai, He Long, Ye Ting and Zhu De, and served as the chief of staff of the former enemy committee. At the end of the same year, he was sent to the Soviet Union to study military affairs. He first entered the Moscow Advanced Infantry School and then transferred to the Vorontz Military Academy. When he first arrived in the Soviet Union, in order to conquer Russian, he "regarded grammar as a string of money and new words as copper coins, which accumulated day and night; See difficulties as enemy lines, seize them day and night, and you will be able to understand Russian documents in a few months. "
Xia Xuecheng returned to China in 1930, and successively served as chief of staff of the Central Military Commission, secretary and chief of staff of the Military Commission of the Yangtze River Bureau, and member of the Central Military Commission. Assist Zhou Enlai, secretary of the Central Military Commission, to handle the daily work of the Military Commission, hold short-term military training courses, and be responsible for teaching courses such as riot strategy, guerrilla warfare and mobile warfare.
1932 1 went to Ruijin, the capital of the Central Soviet Area, and served as the principal and political commissar of the Central Military and Political School. From June+10 in 5438, he served as the chief of staff of the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants, assisted Zhu De and Zhou Enlai in commanding the front operations, and won the fourth counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression". During this period, he wrote "Questions to be Answered by Guerrillas Now" and "Some Lessons from Guerrilla War Behind Enemy Lines", translated many Soviet textbooks and theoretical articles, and promoted the improvement of the military quality of Red Army cadres.
1934 during the fifth counter-campaign against "encirclement and suppression", Li De, a military adviser sent by * * * international company, was dismissed from his post as chief of staff and reduced to the chief of staff of the 5th Army Corps because of his dogmatism and overbearing style in operational command.
At the beginning of the Long March, he assisted Dong Zhentang, the commander of the army, to perform the guard task and cover the central government's passage through the four blockade lines of the Kuomintang army. 1at the end of 934, he returned to Ren Hongjun as the chief of staff and commander of the central column.
1935 65438+ 10 commanded the advance troops to break through the Wujiang River, outsmart Zunyi and throw off the main enemy forces, thus giving the exhausted Central Red Army a rare short rest. At the Zunyi meeting, he firmly supported Mao Zedong's idea. After the meeting, he helped Mao Zedong and other organizations to command Sidu Chishui and Erjin Zunyi campaigns, so that the troops jumped out of the enemy's encirclement and went straight into northern Yunnan, and led the cadres to seize Jiaoping to ensure that the whole army crossed the natural barrier Jinsha River. In May, he concurrently served as the commander of the Red Army's advance team, and entered Daliangshan with Nie, the political commissar, and made a small alliance with the leader of the Yi people, so that the whole army passed through the Yi people's inhabited areas smoothly. Then the headquarters crossed the Dadu River in Anshunchang, which opened the way for the Red Army to go north. After the Red First Army and the Red Fourth Army joined forces, they resolutely implemented the central government's policy of going northward to resist Japan and fought against Zhang's separatist activities with Zhu De in adversity. Zhang revoked the post of chief of staff and was reduced to the president of the Red Army University of the Red Fourth Army.
1936 After the three main forces of the Red Army joined forces in June, they served as the chief of staff of the former enemy headquarters, the chief of staff of the Red Army and the commander of the western reinforcements.
After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he served as the division commander of the Eighth Route Army129th Division together with political commissar Deng Xiaoping.
The Ministry is fighting on Taihang Mountain. Facing the arrogant Japanese invaders, he often used the words "Courage is the crown on a man's head" and "A horned sheep is oppressed, but a horned wasp should not be insulted" to inspire soldiers' confidence in fighting against the enemy. He commanded troops to attack Yangming Fort at night, ambushed Qigen Village, Changshengkou, Shentouling and Xiangtangpu, attacked the ninth road in southeastern Shanxi, swept the eleventh road in southern Hebei, and the Hundred Regiments fought Zheng Tai and Liao Yu, which dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese invaders and created the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan anti-Japanese base area. He resolutely implemented the strategic policy of the CPC Central Committee and the Central Military Commission, actively organized guerrillas combining regular troops, guerrillas and militia, set up a large number of armed task forces, carried out "the enemy advances while we advance", and extensively attacked enemy-occupied areas and communication lines, crushing the frequent "nibbling" and cruel "mopping-up" of the Japanese and puppet troops. At the same time, he led troops to repeatedly counter the invasion of the Kuomintang die-hards, firmly held the Taihang Mountain, the "southern gate" of the anti-Japanese base area in North China, and saved the "Liao Ping Mid-Levels" from being ravaged by the enemy.
During the period of 1942, he and Deng Xiaoping led the soldiers and civilians in the base area to achieve self-sufficiency in production, reduce rent and interest, simplify administration and decentralize power, and spent the most difficult years in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. 1September, 943, went to Yan 'an to participate in the rectification movement. /kloc-0 was elected as the seventh member of the Central Committee in June, 1945.
After Japan surrendered, it became the commander of the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Military Region. 1September 945-June 65438+065438+1October, leading Shangdang Campaign and Handan Campaign. Nearly 60,000 Kuomintang troops were annihilated in the north, and Gao Shuxun, deputy commander of the 11th war zone and commander of the new Eighth Army, led an uprising, which effectively cooperated with the negotiations between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of Chongqing and broke Chiang Kai-shek's strategy of moving northward.
war of liberation
After the civil war broke out in an all-round way, he served as the commander of the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Field Army, and fought with the Deng Xiaoping command post in great strides. From August 1946 to May 1947, we successively won a series of battles in Longhai, Dingtao, Juye, Juancheng, hua county, Giant Goldfish, the border between Henan and Anhui, and northern Henan, and wiped out hundreds of thousands of enemies.
1on June 30th, 947, according to the strategic decision of the CPC Central Committee and Mao Zedong on "attacking the Central Plains on a large scale", the main force of the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Field Army led by Deng Xiaoping120,000 men broke through the "Yellow River Defense Line" of the Kuomintang army for three hundred miles and launched the southwest Shandong campaign. He adopted the tactics of "attacking a little, absorbing its aid, gnawing at one side and breaking the other", and fought continuously for 28 days, commanding troops to achieve a major victory in annihilating more than 60,000 people in four reorganization divisions, which opened the prelude to the strategic attack of the People's Liberation Army. In August, Liu Deng's army marched south in three directions, and began the feat of leaping thousands of miles into Dabie Mountain and seizing the Kuomintang ruling center. When crossing the Ruhe River, at the critical moment when the enemy blocked the front and chased after it, he put forward the loud slogan that "the brave is better than the narrow road", and went to the avant-garde regiment to command the operation with Deng Xiaoping, and finally fought our way out. Subsequently, under the difficult conditions of fighting far from the base area and the rear, 33 enemy brigades were crushed to attack the Dabie Mountains. Then, with the close cooperation of the Outer Line Corps of the East China Field Army that attacked the Longhai Line and the Xie Chen Group that advanced into western Henan, a large number of enemies were annihilated between Jianghuai and Hehan, and the strategic development was gradually completed in the Hubei-Henan-Anhui border region, realizing the best future envisioned by the Central Committee and Mao Zedong-gaining a foothold and creating a consolidated base area. After 10 months of hard fighting, more than 300,000 people were wiped out, more than 100 county towns were liberated, and the Central Plains Liberated Area was opened up and expanded, forming a good situation in which the three armies fought against each other, maneuvering to wipe out the enemy and competing for the Central Plains, forcing the Kuomintang troops into a passive defensive position, which played a decisive role in reversing the national war situation. Mao Zedong called the strategic attack, which started with Liu Deng's army advancing into Dabie Mountain, the "historical turning point" of China Revolution.
1948 Since May, he has served as commander of the Central Plains Military Region, the Central Plains Field Army and the Second Field Army. 165438+ 10, according to the decision of the Central Military Commission, the General Front Committee was formed with Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yi, Su Yu and Tan Zhenlin to command the two field armies in the Central Plains and East China to carry out the Huaihai Campaign and make a strategic decisive battle with the main force of the Kuomintang army in Xuhuai area. Before the war, he put forward: "Our style of play is to clip its forehead, pull its tail, break its waist and put it to death." In the first stage of the campaign, while annihilating the Yellow Corps, He, He and Chen Yi decisively commanded troops to cut off the Xuzhou-Bengbu Railway according to the actual situation of the battlefield and completely isolated the enemy in Xuzhou. Later, he and Deng Xiaoping commanded the main force of the Central Plains Field Army to panic in the stevie hoang Corps in Shuangduiji area, which became the key battle in the quasi-naval battle. The entire Huaihai Campaign ended with the great victory of annihilating more than 550,000 enemy troops, which greatly accelerated the victory of the national liberation war.
After the founding of the people's Republic of China
1April, 949, he participated in the command of the Battle of Crossing the River, carried out the Battle of Beijing-Shanghai-Hangzhou, and personally commanded the main force of the Second Field Army to go straight out of zhejiang-jiangxi railway in three ways, thus liberating vast areas in southern Anhui, western Zhejiang, northeastern Jiangxi and northern Fujian. After the liberation of Nanjing, he served as secretary and mayor of Nanjing Municipal Committee and director of Nanjing Military Management Committee. 1 1 In June, Deng Xiaoping led his troops into the southwest. /kloc-in February, 2000, he served as the chairman of the Southwest Military and Political Committee and the second secretary of the Southwest Bureau of the Central Committee. He brilliantly carried out the operational policy of long-distance circuitous encirclement put forward by Mao Zedong, flapped the enemy's flank, cut off the enemy's retreat and destroyed the enemy. At the same time, through military strikes and political struggles, a large number of Kuomintang military and political personnel were led to rebel and surrender. In half a year, about 900,000 enemy troops were annihilated, most of Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and Xikang were liberated, and Chiang Kai-shek's attempt to carve up the southwest and wait for an opportunity to counterattack was completely shattered. At the same time, he also led the preparatory work to suppress bandits and enter Tibet, and made pioneering contributions to consolidating the southwest frontier.
1950 1 1 suggested and was ordered to set up the Military Academy of the China People's Liberation Army in Nanjing as the president and political commissar. In order to run the PLA's first institution of higher learning with various services and arms, he devoted himself to teacher training, textbook compilation and examination, and translation. It is often that he is "in the middle of the night", eating, drinking and never leaving. He has successively set up departments of navy, air force, artillery, armored force, chemical defense and intelligence in the military academy, which has multiplied and developed a complete command college system of all services and arms of our army and trained a large number of middle and senior officers with both ability and political integrity. His contribution to the education and training of military talents has a far-reaching impact on national defense and army building.
From 65438 to 0954, he served as vice chairman of the People's Revolutionary Military Commission of the Central People's Government.
Vice chairman of national defense commission and minister of training department of military commission.
1955 In September, he was awarded the 1st Class August 1st Medal, 1st Class Medal of Independence and Freedom, and 1st Class Medal of Liberation.
1957 In September, he was transferred to the post of president and political commissar of the Higher Military Academy.
1959 served as the head of the strategic group of the Central Military Commission.
1962 participated in commanding the self-defense counterattack on the Sino-Indian border.
He has been deputy chairman of the Central Military Commission since 1966. Until he was over eighty years old, he always cared about national defense and army building, and made suggestions and suggestions for the Central Military Commission and the headquarters in time. Many far-sighted strategic suggestions put forward by him have played an important role in strengthening national defense construction and defending frontier operations.
1982 resigned from the leadership position of the party, government and army due to age and health reasons. 1986 10 died in Beijing on 10.