1. Geographical conditions: it is too cold outdoors in the northeast.
Referring to the past, most of the venues hosting the Winter Olympics are located between 30 and 60 north latitude. Even in winter, the temperature can basically be stabilized above MINUS 10 degrees Celsius, and it will not be too cold. Winter Olympics can be divided into snow and ice events.
For example, aerial skiing and freestyle skiing belong to snow events, while curling and short track speed skating belong to ice events. It is no problem to exercise on ice in colder places, but many snow projects are frozen into ice, and the thickness and quality of snow cannot be guaranteed, which is easy to cause safety problems.
The average outdoor temperature in winter in Northeast China can reach MINUS 20 degrees Celsius, giving people the feeling that it is cold. In fact, the latitude in the northeast is not high. If we compare Milan and Berlin in western Europe horizontally, the northeast is much colder than western Europe, mainly because the northeast plain is affected by Siberian cold current in winter, while western Europe has a maritime climate.
Geographically, the northeast of China is not an ideal place to hold winter snow events.
2. Management restrictions: cooperation outside the province increases the cost and difficulty of communication.
Multi-city co-hosting of the Olympic Games took place at the Beijing Summer Olympic Games 13 years ago. In addition to the main competition in Beijing, the Olympic Games also held sailing events in Qingdao. Equestrian events in Hong Kong, Qinhuangdao, Tianjin, Shanghai and Shenyang all hosted some football matches, and six cities jointly hosted them. Compared with the two cities of the Winter Olympics, it seems more difficult to manage.
However, the main reason why it was held at that time was summer, which was suitable for most cities in China. At the same time, only Qingdao and Hong Kong really competed for medals in other cities, because Beijing did not have the conditions to host sailing and equestrian events, while other cities hosted more football matches and fewer Winter Olympics events, but it also tested their internal coordination and communication skills.
It's only180km from Beijing to Zhangjiakou, and Yanqing itself is a jurisdiction of Beijing, and the distance between the two places is only 90km. If it is too far from the northeast, it will increase the communication cost. The development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan area itself is integration, so it will be abrupt to increase the number of cities in Northeast China.
3. Climatic factors: The northeast is too cold, so outdoor snow sports have no advantage.
As a matter of fact, Harbin applied to host the Winter Olympics as early as 2002, but it failed to make it for various reasons, the most important thing being that the weather was too cold. The outdoor temperature in the three northeastern provinces is too cold. The average winter temperatures in Sochi and Pyeongchang are between minus 3℃ and minus 10℃, so spectators, athletes and staff can stay outdoors for a long time, and even athletes of the Turin Winter Olympics can wear thin clothes, but these are impossible in the northeast.
There are many ice and snow festivals in Northeast China every winter, such as Harbin ice sculpture, but there are not many snow fields that meet the requirements of the Winter Olympics venues. Except for a few cities such as Dalian, there may be no advantage in holding outdoor snow projects in the three northeastern provinces.
4. Cost control: The construction cost of track lacking competitive level in Northeast China is huge.
Although most winter athletes in China come from the northeast, there are not many real competition venues in the northeast. There are only three ski resorts in the three northeastern provinces that can withstand the winter Olympic level snow events: Yabuli in Heilongjiang, Peking University Lake and Songhua Lake in Jilin, but they must be rebuilt to meet the standards. The reconstruction of these places is more difficult than Yanqing and Zhangjiakou.
Yanqing and Zhangjiakou are vast and sparsely populated, and the North China Plain is flat. The construction of snow trails will not involve too much deforestation and population relocation. Almost all the competition venues in Zhangjiakou are newly built, and the three major snow fields in Northeast China are surrounded by virgin forests in Daxing 'anling, and even expansion is much more difficult than Zhangjiakou.
In addition, a large number of venues for the 2008 Summer Olympic Games were used for this competition. For example, the Bird's Nest will not be used as a competition venue, and the opening and closing ceremonies will be held here. The Water Cube will be transformed into an "Ice Cube" to hold curling competitions, and the National Gymnasium and Wukesong Sports Center will be transformed to hold ice hockey competitions. These venues are not available in any city in the three northeastern provinces. If they are built on a large scale, the cost will definitely increase.
Northeast China may be the place with the best mass base for winter sports in China, and skating is almost a hidden skill for everyone in Northeast China. However, due to geographical constraints, the temperature is low all the year round, and it is difficult to hold outdoor snow events, and the management involved is too extensive, which is not conducive to the overall image communication of the Winter Olympics.
It is difficult for people to keep a high exercise load outdoors for a long time in the cold climate, and the cost of reconstruction and new construction is too high, which makes the Northeast unable to be the venue for the competition.
However, athletes from Northeast China occupy an absolute numerical advantage in the national winter Olympic team. They have the strength to win medals or even gold medals for China in short track speed skating and figure skating, and Northeast China will make contributions to China sports in other aspects. Winter sports in China are almost impossible without the participation of Northeast China.
The advantage of choosing Beijing and Zhangjiakou instead of Northeast China for the Winter Olympics.
Concept advantage of No.65438 +0
Beijing's bid to host the Winter Olympics put forward three concepts, namely, "athlete-centered", "sustainable development" and "thrifty hosting the Olympics", which is one of the 40 reform plans adopted by the International Olympic Committee in 20 14 and 12.
In other words, it is highly compatible to advocate thrifty hosting of the Olympic Games and improve the Olympic bidding process, and ask the bidding city to put forward a bidding plan that can take into account long-term planning such as sports, economy, society and environment. Therefore, Beijing's successful bid for the Olympic Games has a conceptual advantage.
Second, the site advantage.
The 2022 Winter Olympics is mainly divided into Beijing, Yanqing and Zhangjiakou. Among them, Beijing has a very rich Olympic heritage, as well as high-standard and international-standard competition venues.
For example, the venues to be used in the Winter Olympics include Water Cube, National Gymnasium, Wukesong Sports Center and Capital Gymnasium. There is only one national speed skating venue to be built in Beijing, and after the Winter Olympics, the national speed skating venue will operate continuously for 365 days, becoming a sports and fitness venue similar to the Water Cube and Bird's Nest, with both social service functions and enterprise operation.
No.3 influence advantage
It is worth mentioning that the success of Beijing's Olympic bid has a lot to do with the emergence of a number, which is-"300 million".
In the statement of Beijing's bid for the Olympic Games, the Beijing delegation mentioned that if the 2022 Winter Olympics is held in Beijing, it will directly drive 300 million people to carry out winter ice and snow sports, which will greatly boost the population of ice and snow sports in China. The overall layout of Mr. Tan's geography studio will greatly promote the popularization and improvement of ice and snow sports and make great contributions to the Olympic cause.
Beijing has made great contributions to the success of the Olympic bid by virtue of its influence advantage.
Fourth, experience advantage.
Beijing has rich experience in hosting international competitions, especially after successfully hosting the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, which has trained a large number of experts and talents in this field. They are experienced and full of love for the Olympic Games, which can save a considerable amount of hosting funds, thus reducing the cost of hosting the Olympic Games.
At the same time, Beijing, as an international metropolis, has perfect and sufficient reception capacity. After successfully hosting the 2008 Olympic Games, hotels, Olympic villages, airports, media services and transportation services in Beijing can fully meet the needs of hosting the Winter Olympics.
Fifth, natural advantages.
Yanqing and Zhangjiakou Chongli have been carefully inspected and certified as the venues for the 2022 Winter Olympics.
First of all, in terms of natural conditions, the topography and mountain heights of these two places are very suitable for holding snow events, especially the Xiaohaituo Mountain in Yanqing, whose height, drop and relaxation degree have been recognized by experts from individual committees of the International Snow Federation who came to inspect.
Secondly, let's talk about snow. In fact, the track snow for hosting the Winter Olympics is very different from natural snow. Alpine skiing requires very high snow quality, just like the difference between country roads and highways. Alpine ski runs should be at the level of airport runways, so the track is more suitable for Fu Na.
According to international practice, Fu Na is used for track snow, which is not limited by snowfall. Therefore, the core competitiveness of Northeast China (heavy snow) has lost its function.
If the venue of the Winter Olympics is in the northeast, then all the competition venues should be built, which is not in line with the purpose of saving the Olympics, and the snow for the track should be used in the way of Fu Na. At the same time, no city in Northeast China has comparable reception capacity and limited experience in hosting the Olympic Games. Therefore, Beijing and Zhangjiakou have more advantages in hosting the Winter Olympics than the Northeast.