Editorial literature and history evaluation editorial group

1940, Wei, a famous national soldier who was then the commander of the First Theater of the National Army and the commander of the Jicha Theater, was ordered to stick to the Yellow River and defend North China. When he saw Zhu De, the commander-in-chief of the Eighth Route Army, let the Eighth Route Army soldiers go shopping freely, he was surprised.

Curiously asked Mr. Zhu: Aren't you afraid of soldiers deserting and running away? In this issue, I will circle a useful history and decipher why Wei has this problem.

Why are you curious and surprised to see the Eighth Route Army shopping freely? Don't the soldiers of the national army even have the freedom to go shopping?

As long as the revolutionary ranks persist in the war of resistance, they are treated equally.

1On July 7, 937, the Japanese army suddenly launched the Lugouqiao Incident, which opened the prelude to the all-round war of aggression against China. Since then, Chairman Mao highly responded to the revolutionary call of the anti-Japanese United front, ordered the Red Army in Yan 'an, northern Shaanxi to go down the mountain, accepted the reorganization of Chiang Kai-shek's Kuomintang, and established the 18th Army, also known as the Eighth Route Army.

Has been under the command of Wei, a famous national soldier. When Wei was transferred from the commander of the No.1 14 Army of the National Army to the deputy commander of the Second World War Zone of the National Army and was promoted to the commander of the First War Zone, the Eighth Route Army was reorganized one after another, incorporated into the operational sequence of the Second World War Zone and the First War Zone, and launched the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.

Peng, deputy commander-in-chief of the Eighth Route Army, recalled Wei as "a rare anti-Japanese faction in the national army".

Although the Eighth Route Army nominally participated in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression under the command of Wei, Wei was open-minded, never contended for power and profit, never interfered with the March of the Eighth Route Army, never engaged in marginal friction, and always adhered to the independence of the Eighth Route Army led by the * * * production party.

His attitude also forged a very profound revolutionary friendship with the Eighth Route Army, and the two sides interacted frequently.

1937 10, Wei was ordered to launch a large-scale "Xinkou Campaign" initiated by the Japanese army on the front line of North China in Shanxi. Instead of going his own way, he repeatedly contacted and negotiated with the generals at all levels of the Eighth Route Army, fully listened to the opinions of all parties and coordinated his actions.

In one fell swoop, it set a battlefield record of annihilating tens of thousands of enemy troops and successfully defending Taiyuan, the capital of Shanxi Province. It is a successful case of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's early years, when the two parties of the whole country * * united sincerely and cooperated properly in military action.

The victory of the battle of Xinkou also made Wei see the ability of the Eighth Route Army as a producer to lead the independent war of resistance for the first time, and then paid more attention to the Eighth Route Army.

During the Anti-Japanese War of National Unity, Chiang Kai-shek never gave up on our party. He often ignored the national justice and, for selfish and ulterior purposes, instructed various ministries to eat inside and pick outside and get cards for the Eighth Route Army's combat readiness.

However, he was severely resisted by Wei, and he publicly declared more than once that as long as all revolutionary teams that persisted in the war of resistance were treated equally, no matter what standards were set by the national army, they would be given to the Eighth Route Army.

Even in the spring of 1938, Wei resisted the pressure and interference given by Chiang Kai-shek, and allocated more than 100 bullets and more than 250,000 standard grenades to the Eighth Route Army at one time, as well as a large number of war preparation materials such as grain, military pay and military uniforms.

At that time, some people in the logistics department of the national army theater were afraid to sign the allocation because they were afraid of the large number. Wei put down his airs, personally moved people with emotion, moved people with reason, and did the ideological work of the following people, which finally prompted this batch of materials to reach Yan' an, the revolutionary holy land in northern Shaanxi, smoothly and in time.

Wei was besieged and blocked by the Japanese army, and was forced to pass through northern Shaanxi and go straight down to southern Shanxi to create an anti-Japanese base area. When passing Yan 'an, Chairman Mao specially held a grand welcome banquet and personally invited Wei to the banquet.

He gave generously to support the Eighth Route Army's righteous act of persisting in the war of resistance, and made extremely high affirmation and commendation.

At that time, Comrade Lin, a resident in Shaanxi, a former representative of the Eighth Route Army's Shaanxi office and one of the five elders in Yan 'an, personally wrote a letter and presented it to Wei: The Yellow River is the barrier of North China, and now it is defended by Mr. Wei.

All the black materials were pressed down, and Wei became the commander of the Jicha theater.

/kloc-in the autumn of 0/939, after Chiang Kai-shek moved the capital to Chongqing, he immediately dispatched troops and appointed Wei as the chairman of the Henan provincial government to defend the Central Plains.

During this period, Wei's contact with the Eighth Route Army's * * * production party became closer. Under the direct instigation of Wei, our party established a special office of the Eighth Route Army in Luoyang.

As long as Premier Zhou, Mr. Zhu, Mr. Peng, Mr. Xiao Ke and General Zuo Quan go to Luoyang, Henan Province for business, Wei always tries his best to invite the top leaders of our party and army to dinner and see a play.

Wei's ambiguous attitude of "distinguishing between the enemy and ourselves" has been repeatedly targeted by the military and the central government.

There are many factions within the Kuomintang, and unhealthy practices such as collusion between officials and businessmen, and opposition between the parties are widespread, and corruption is rampant from top to bottom. Dai Li, the spy chief, had long been jealous of Wei's long-term mastery of military power, and often flew secretly to Luoyang by special plane to collect "evidence" of Wei's contacts with the * * * production party.

He warned and accused Chiang Kai-shek on trumped-up charges of "protecting the Eighth Route Army, being disloyal to the Party and the country, and being disloyal to President Jiang". Moreover, Dai Li also took this opportunity to secretly arrest a large number of patriotic intellectuals who pursued advanced ideas and were eager for progress.

At the same time, Tang, Jiang, Chen Cheng and others are also salivating at the high-paying post of chairman of the Henan provincial government, and they often unite to suppress Wei.

But considering the extraordinary period, Chiang Kai-shek suppressed Wei's "black material" without any treatment. Instead, he made more use of Wei and personally ordered:

Wei Ren, commander of Jicha Theater, put water in the back of Zhongtiaoshan Mountain and swore to defend the Yellow River and North China. From February to March of the same year, Chiang Kai-shek used the Eighth Route Army to fight a bloody battle with the Japanese army in the front line of North China, and he was too busy to take care of it.

Suddenly secretly instructed Zhu Huaibing, commander of the 97th National Revolutionary Army. Through secret contact with Pang Bingxun, Zhang, Hou Ruyong and others, suddenly from Cixian and Wu 'an, troops were sent to attack the anti-Japanese revolutionary base in Taihang Mountain area, which set off the climax of destroying the anti-Japanese United front for the first time.

Zhu Huaibing echoed the Japanese invaders in North China, colluded with each other, and attacked and killed revolutionary soldiers of the Eighth Route Army and patriots in the base areas. His hands are covered with innocent blood, and his arrogance is very arrogant.

The Eighth Route Army waged a well-founded and well-founded struggle against the reactionary and stubborn Kuomintang army in accordance with Chairman Mao's supreme instruction that "if people don't attack me, I won't attack, and if people attack me, I will attack".

Zhu Huaibing is an insatiable straw bag. As soon as he entered Taihang Mountain, he led his troops to Wei, located in the Central Plains, to generate electricity.

Let him immediately send reinforcements to fight against the * * * producer party. Unexpectedly, it was rejected and reprimanded by Wei. As a result, Zhu Huaibing's troops were easily annihilated by the Eighth Route Army.

The smoke on both sides of the strait is like fire, which can comfort and hate.

Chiang Kai-shek flew into a rage after receiving the battle report from the front. /kloc-in the autumn of 0/940, he immediately issued a warning order to Wei: If you personally go to Taihang Mountain to negotiate with the Eighth Route Army, you must do everything possible to prevent the * * * production party from becoming bigger and stronger.

Mr. Zhu, the commander-in-chief of the Eighth Route Army, personally held peace talks with Luoyang and Wei in Henan. The two sides finally reached an agreement: take the Zhanghe River as the boundary, delimit the defensive areas of their respective activities, and avoid further friction, mutual non-aggression and non-interference.

However, Wei continued to blatantly violate Chiang Kai-shek's orders and, as always, gave the Eighth Route Army sufficient munitions and supplies.

Further publicize the anti-Japanese revolutionary thought of the national United front to all walks of life, and do everything possible to continue to win over Chiang Kai-shek and stay in the anti-Japanese camp.

At that time, Mr. Zhu gave birth to Taihang Mountain and went to Luoyang, Henan Province to negotiate with Wei. On the way, he had to cross the blockade line built by the Japanese invaders in North China, so Liu Bocheng, the commander of the Eighth Route Army 129 Division, specially sent the 385th Brigade to save his life.

Peng, deputy commander-in-chief, Liu Bocheng, division commander of 129, and comrades of the political commissar jointly issued a strict order: No matter what happens on the road, Mr. Zhu's safety must be ensured.

All the officers and men of the Third Company stood at attention and saluted, and issued a military order to the three heads with the most serious attitude: Yes, to ensure the completion of the task, please rest assured that the Third Company will defend the safety of Zhu to the death even if it fights to the last person.

Considering that Mr. Zhu was 54 years old at that time, after discussing with Mr. Peng, Liu Bocheng specially prepared a horse for him as a means of transportation. At the same time, he also specially found a mule with good feet to carry file boxes and luggage for Mr. Zhu.

And brought a copy of the anti-Japanese war film Yan 'an and the Eighth Route Army, which was shot by our army behind enemy lines, to facilitate publicity in Luoyang.

But Mr. Zhu loves soldiers like children and doesn't want to be special at all, so he basically doesn't ride horses all the way, but walks with the soldiers of Company 3, and sometimes takes the initiative to carry the file box and luggage with a pole for a while.

Give horses and mules to soldiers who are in poor health and injured. When it got dark, Mr. Zhu set up a tent with the soldiers, squeezed some of the food distributed to him by the organization and shared it with the soldiers.

And personally called Qingshui to scrub wounds and wash feet for the wounded, without any senior officials present, which made Company 3 very moved.

When preparing to pass the Japanese blockade, Mr. Zhu personally went to the front to check the enemy's situation, carefully summarized and analyzed, and deployed through the blockade with the company commander and instructor of Sanlian.

At the critical moment, Mr. Zhu dressed up as an old farmer in the countryside, and under the guidance of a local guide, he passed the Japanese sentry patrol area effortlessly and passed the Japanese blockade unnoticed.

After getting off Taihang Mountain, Mr. Zhu crossed the Yellow River from Mianchi area to the east for a few days. Mr. Zhu looked at the endless mother river, the Yellow River, and witnessed the great rivers and mountains crushed by the Japanese invaders all the way. With indignation, he wrote a seven-character quatrain "Out of Taihang" between ups and downs.

The phrase "cross-strait smoke is like fire, which can comfort and hate each other" has become an immortal sentence, and it also shows Mr. Zhu's determination to care about the country and the people, adhere to the anti-Japanese United front, expel and restore China.

Aren't you afraid they'll run away?

After crossing the Yellow River, Mr. Zhu came all the way in a hurry and went straight to the ancient city of Luoyang on a starry night. Under the arrangement of Wei, he stayed in the guest house in the first war zone.

But the soldiers of Company 3 were worried about Mr. Zhu, so they loaded the bullet directly and stood at the door all night. Mr. Zhu got up in the middle of the night to go to the toilet. When he saw three soldiers ready to go and in a state of high tension, he couldn't help but have a crush, so he ordered them to have a rest quickly:

Comrades, I am glad to have your protection, but I am also very sad. Although we are in the national army camp, there is no need to be so nervous and look down upon.

Relax, put it down. The Kuomintang dare not do anything to me. Now is the critical period of the anti-Japanese national United front. Anyone who dares to ignore the overall situation is a sinner of history and the Chinese nation.

Even after escorting Mr. Zhu into Luoyang, Henan, he still practiced hard every day. In the morning, he carried the old and new miscellaneous brand "Made in the World", shouted loud slogans and military songs to do morning exercises, and made uniform steps and queues. He looked particularly mighty and attracted the attention of the national army.

They don't believe that this is the most common company soldier, and they have been sarcastic behind his back many times: it seems that the producer of * * * is also superficial, and the director is superficial.

This company is no ordinary soldier at all. It must have transferred senior military officers from various departments to fill the window. How can ordinary soldiers have such momentum?

Even the soldiers and Mr. Zhu thought this statement was very funny and did not take the initiative to explain it. They simply said: War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the front line in North China, is fierce, and the task of anti-mopping up and anti-encirclement campaign is so important that no one can be left behind. How can there be so many cadres to accompany me as an old man?

During his stay in Luoyang, Mr. Zhu often played basketball and football with the soldiers of the Third Company. At this time, the third floor outside the stadium was crowded with onlookers.

They saw that Mr. Zhu had no high position and wealth, and he didn't care about the status gap, so they became one with ordinary soldiers and sweated for a ball. While expressing incredible, he also felt very envious:

The officers and men of the Eighth Route Army are equal, there is no intrigue, and the officers and men are consistent. Teacher Zhu and the soldiers are like brothers, and they have a good relationship and admire them. I really admire them. This kind of situation will never happen in the hierarchical feudal national army.

In addition, during the negotiations in Luoyang, Mr. Zhu also allowed the soldiers of the Third Company of the Eighth Route Army to shop freely. This is just a trivial matter, but it directly shocked Wei, then commander-in-chief of the first war zone in Jicha and chairman of the Henan Provincial Party Committee.

He found Mr. Zhu with a worried face and was very surprised. He asked, Brother Yujie, how can you let the soldiers leave the supervision and go to the streets casually? Aren't you afraid of their desertion and escape?

Zhu gave Wei a meaningful look, smiled and shook his head: Eighth Route Army soldiers never forget their thoughts.

They have never been deserters since they joined the revolution, because they all chose to join the army voluntarily, and they know what their responsibilities and tasks are.

Now is the critical period of resisting Japan and saving the nation. It is said that everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the country. How can every Japanese with a conscience escape at this moment? They went to war and died in order to drive away the invaders, and also to let their children and grandchildren live a peaceful life in their lifetime and never fight again.

No one left behind, no one defected, no one was a deserter.

Wei's problems are actually related to Chiang Kai-shek's reactionary feudal warlord dictatorship.

1949 Before Chiang Kai-shek fled to Taiwan Province Province, a relatively mature modern military service system could not be established within the national army, so he had to recruit young men to supplement his troops in the countryside. After eight years of all-round anti-Japanese war, Chiang Kai-shek arrested thousands of young people.

However, these able-bodied men did not die on the battlefield, but died tragically under the exploitation and beating of senior officials of the national army. The proportion of non-war damage is even higher than that of war damage. Only Chiang Kai-shek can do such absurd behavior.

Therefore, the result of Chiang Kai-shek's vicious circle of grasping able-bodied men is that people are exhausted. National soldiers want to be deserters, and national soldiers are like thieves.

As long as the escaped soldiers are found, they will fight to the death in an attempt to prevent desertion with the threat of death. This practice is tantamount to killing the goose that lays the golden egg.

As a result, the Eighth Route Army can freely enter and leave the barracks and go shopping in the streets, which is simply unimaginable for the national army. No wonder Wei asked Mr. Zhu nervously, but the treatment of the Eighth Route Army also envied the soldiers all over the country.

After the successful conclusion of the peace talks between Mr. Zhu and Wei, he proposed to leave, took the lead in taking the train to Ann, reported to the Eighth Route Army office, and explained a series of tasks for the next step.

Sanlian, who was in charge of protecting him, returned to Taihang Mountain base after a few days' rest.

Later, because Zhu transferred out of the rear, the national army did not dare to plot against the Eighth Route Army, but by this time Zhu had left, so the national army began to stab in the back and tried every means to deal with the Third Company.

Either they refused to pay salaries along the way, or they were lured by the beauty of senior officials, or they did not provide accommodation, threatening and conniving at this company with outstanding military comprehensive quality to leave the Eighth Route Army.

But to the national army's great disappointment, even though the 3rd Company left the big army and Mr. Zhu didn't continue to lead the rear area, he resisted all temptations and launched a well-founded struggle with the national army in difficulties and hardships.

With the help of people along the way, I finally walked out of Zhongtiao Mountain and returned to Taihang Mountain via Taiyue Mountain.

No one left behind, no one defected, no one deserted, which not only improved Zhu's face, but also indirectly improved the prestige and momentum of the * * * production party and the Eighth Route Army.

After understanding the situation, Peng, Liu Bocheng and other comrades signed orders in succession to commend Do not forget your initiative mind's integrity of the whole army, and highly affirmed and appreciated their code of conduct, which is an example for the whole army to learn.