1. urban orientation-Nanjing has a high political level, while Hefei is obviously at a disadvantage.
First of all, we can compare the positioning of these two cities from the whole country.
As can be seen from the above figure, from the administrative level of the city, Hefei is just an ordinary prefecture-level city, while Nanjing is a sub-provincial city, which is directly half a level higher than Hefei. As we all know, for a long time in China, the local administrative level not only affected the administrative influence of the region, but also represented the inclination of resource input. Therefore, unless the state makes major adjustments to local administrative regions, Hefei will always lag behind Nanjing in terms of administrative autonomy and enjoying national policy dividends.
In addition, from the perspective of urban population, Nanjing is positioned as a megacity in the Yangtze River Delta, while Hefei is only a type I megacity. Because the population size of a city often represents the size of the stock labor force and stock market in the region, the population size determines whether the city can provide the necessary labor production capacity for the development of the city in the economic cycle, and whether there is enough market to sell the products after they are produced.
However, Hefei does not lag behind Nanjing in urban positioning. Among them, the title of "National Important Modern Manufacturing Base" is not available in Nanjing. In recent years, with the continuous introduction of foreign capital and expansion of investment in Hefei, especially new energy automobile manufacturing, semiconductors, high-precision electronics and other industries have developed rapidly. Among them, in the new energy automobile industry, in addition to the introduction of China headquarters of Weilai Automobile, Volkswagen's electric vehicle production base has also been successfully settled in Hefei. In addition, companies such as BOE and Changxin have successfully helped Hefei to form a supporting industrial chain of new energy vehicles in the high-precision electronics industry. In addition, relying on the strong scientific research strength of China University of Science and Technology, Hefei has realized the combination of Industry-University-Research and hatched companies such as Iflytek. Therefore, it can be said that Hefei is indeed ahead of Nanjing in high-end manufacturing.
2. Economic scale-Nanjing continues to lead, and the gap with Hefei is narrowing year by year.
According to the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics in 2020, Nanjing's GDP is14817.95 million yuan, ranking 10 in the whole country, while Hefei's GDP is 1004572 million yuan, ranking 20th in the whole country, and the total GDP is about 67.79% of Nanjing's. Seeing the data here, you may feel that there is still a big gap between Hefei and Nanjing. However, if the time axis is lengthened, when we return to 20 10 year, the GDP of Nanjing is 51306.5 billion yuan, while that of Hefei is only 271.61100 million yuan, accounting for only 52.66% of Nanjing's GDP. Therefore, we can see from here that after 10 years' efforts, Hefei has successfully narrowed the economic gap with Nanjing by about 15. 13%. Although Hefei is not as big as Nanjing's economy at present, the gap may still be narrowed year by year in the future 10.
3. Industrial distribution-Nanjing pays attention to the tertiary industry, and Hefei industry establishes the city.
From the perspective of industrial distribution, the added value of the tertiary industry in Nanjing in 2020 will be 869.947 billion yuan. The tertiary industry accounts for 62% of the total GDP. It can be seen that the tertiary industry in Nanjing has a good momentum of development, which provides a strong support for urban economic development. Besides, Nanjing is also the "National Important Regional Financial and Business Center" approved by the State Council, and it is the business center city and regional financial center in the Yangtze River Delta region after Shanghai. In 2020, Nanjing's securities transaction volume was 30.26 trillion yuan, ranking fourth in Chinese mainland, next only to Shanghai, Beijing and Shenzhen. Convention and exhibition industry is also one of the important emerging industries in Nanjing. According to the Statistical Report on Exhibition Data of China in 20 17 released on 20 18, the number of exhibitions held in Nanjing ranks third among all cities in China, and the exhibition area ranks fifth among all cities in China.
In contrast, in Hefei, in 2020, the added value of the primary industry was 33.232 billion yuan, the added value of the secondary industry was 357.9438+0 billion yuan, and the added value of the tertiary industry was 665.438+0.389 billion yuan. The proportion of the three major industrial structures is 3.3:35.6:6 1. 1 respectively. From the data point of view, Hefei is still in the stage of gradually upgrading to the tertiary industry relying on the primary industry and the secondary industry. However, in Hefei's industrial statistics, color TV sets and household refrigerators increased by 68.6% and 6.4% respectively, solar cells increased by 17.9%, microcomputer equipment increased by 28.4%, LCD screens increased by 2.4%, excavators increased by 15. 1%, and new energy vehicles increased by 65,438+. These industries are the key to promote Hefei's GDP growth in recent years.
4. Transportation planning-Nanjing has a solid position and the Hefei high-speed rail era has taken off.
In terms of transportation convenience, Nanjing can be said to have completely crushed Hefei. Hefei lags behind Nanjing in expressway mileage, location of railway nodes and intersections, air routes and air passenger and cargo flow.
However, since Hefei started its construction in 2008 and entered the era of high-speed rail, the cecum nodes in the era of ordinary railway trains have been upgraded to the overall layout of "meters". Hefei High-speed Railway South Station has also become a transportation hub for several high-speed railways and intercity railways. Among them, Shanghai High-speed Railway, Hefei High-speed Railway, Beijing-Kowloon High-speed Railway, Hehang High-speed Railway, Hezheng High-speed Railway, Hefei-Bengbu High-speed Railway and many other high-speed railway lines pass by. In 20 13, the airport moved from Laoluogang Airport to the brand-new Xinqiao International Airport. On the whole, the development momentum is still very rapid.
5. Humanities education-Nanjing blossomed more and Hefei University of Technology stood out.
There are 2 985 universities and 8 2 1 1 universities in Nanjing, ranking third in the country. These include Nanjing University, Southeast University, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Hohai University and so on. By 2020, there will be 53 colleges and universities (excluding military academies) in Nanjing, with 75,765,438+10,000 students and 0/665,438+10,000 graduate students. There are 84 academicians of the two academies, 7 national key disciplines 107, universities with separate plans 1 1, two first-class construction universities 12, and 38 first-class construction disciplines, all of which are second only to Beijing and Shanghai, ranking third in the country.
There are 1 985 colleges and universities in Hefei, and 2 2 1 1 colleges and universities. The most famous is China University of Science and Technology, and it also includes Hefei University of Technology and Anhui University. In 20 18, there were 50 colleges and universities in Hefei with 498,900 students. There are 4 adult colleges and universities with 89,800 students.
From the perspective of higher education, Hefei is not as blooming as Nanjing, and the total number of students in higher education is nearly 260 thousand less than Nanjing. Talent is the cornerstone of a city's future development and the key to help the city transform from low-end manufacturing to high-end manufacturing. At the same time, college graduates are also management talents that can be cultivated and utilized by the whole industry in the future. Therefore, from the perspective of a city's long-term development, how to make good use of local talents and retain local talents is the key to long-term invincible. For a long time, Hefei can only rely on the influence of China University of Science and Technology to become an important science and education center and four major science and education cities in China. However, how many graduates of the Chinese University of Science and Technology will stay in Hefei after graduation?
To sum up, although Hefei has made remarkable achievements in many aspects such as economic construction after years of efforts, there is still a big gap compared with Nanjing, which has a solid foundation. Perhaps, in the next 10 years, the gap between Hefei and Nanjing will gradually narrow, but if we want to surpass it, I am afraid no one will believe it.