Today, I mainly talk about the most important battle in the process of the Northern Zhou Dynasty destroying the Northern Qi.
165438+576 10, the Northern Zhou Emperor Yu Wenyong conquered Pingyang City and confronted Gao Wei, the queen of the Northern Qi Dynasty. However, Yuwen Yong saw the large-scale assembly of Beiqi troops and immediately decided to return to Chang 'an for a period of time. After withdrawing troops from Yuwen Yong, Cushman & Wakefield immediately besieged Pingyang City.
In November, I arrived in Pingyang. Zhou Zhu's newly recruited Qi soldiers are very powerful, and he wants to go back to the Western Heaven to avoid the front. -"Purple Tongzhi Sword" Chen Liuji
In February 65438, Yu Wenyong found that the situation ahead was unfavorable and decided to go to the front again.
At this time, Beiqi has assembled an army, and the main forces of both sides have launched a decisive battle. The result of the battle was that Beiqi was defeated and lost the possibility of turning over.
This battle is the famous "Pingyang Battle". Throughout the war, Gao Wei's performance was not brilliant, but it was not too bad. Although the Northern Qi Dynasty was defeated, the Emperor Gao Wei personally went to the front line, forcing the Northern Zhou Emperor Yu Wenyong to retreat and temporarily avoid the edge, which shows that the momentum of the Northern Qi Dynasty is still very strong.
When the Northern Qi army counterattacked, it also beat the Northern Zhou army to the wall. When Yuwen Yong led the army back to the front again, Pingyang garrison commander Liang Shiyan cried and said to Yuwen Yong, "I almost didn't see your majesty." .
When Liang Shiyan met Duke Zhou, he grabbed Duke Zhou's beard and cried, "I have hardly seen your majesty!" " Zhou Zhu also shed tears for it. -"Purple Tongzhi Sword" Chen Liuji
After Liang Shiyan was rescued, Yu Wenyong found that the soldiers were very tired and once had the idea of withdrawing troops, but Liang Shiyan tried to dissuade them. Liang Shiyan, the most tired, had no objection, and Yuwen Yong could not retreat by force, so he left Liang Shiyan in Jinzhou and continued to March.
Duke Zhou was tired of his soldiers and wanted to bring them back. Shi Yan kowtowed to the horse and said, "Today, all the strategists fled, and people's hearts moved. Attacking it because of its fear will inevitably move. " Zhou took his hand and said, "I have Jinzhou, which is the foundation of peace and order." Nothing will happen if I don't insist. I used to have no worries, but I was worried about changes in the future. Please keep it for me! " That's why the generals chased Qi Shi. -"Purple Tongzhi Sword" Chen Liuji
However, the generals who followed Yu Wenyong repeatedly requested to return to Chang 'an because the army was too tired. It is useless for Yu Wenyong to say yes, and it is useless to say bad. Finally, he was forced to hurry and said directly to the generals: "Go back, go back by yourself. I will lead the way alone. " At this time, the generals stopped talking.
The generals insisted on returning to the west, and Lord Zhou said, "Let the enemy suffer. If you have any questions, I will go alone. " The generals dare not speak. -"Purple Tongzhi Sword" Chen Liuji
One by one, it should be said that the process of the Northern Zhou Dynasty destroying the Northern Qi was not easy. If we only objectively analyze these basic facts, we should draw a conclusion: Gao Wei, the leader of the Northern Qi Dynasty, personally went to the front and played an extremely important role. There is a simple reason. An army without a backbone cannot be so tenacious. Who is the backbone? Who else besides high latitude?
However, after some dramatic contents were added to the history books by historians, the relevant records of Gao Wei, a master in the late Northern Qi Dynasty, could not be seen. Because according to historical records, Gao Wei looks like an idiot regardless of whether he looks horizontally or vertically. Everyone is talking about the demise of BAIC, saying that it is because Gao Wei is fooling around at the front.
For example, the Northern Qi army almost breached Pingyang City and captured Liang Shiyan alive. But Gao Wei wanted his favorite Feng Xiaolian to see the army enter the city, so he ordered the army to suspend its attack. But after Feng Xiaolian came out, the opportunity to attack the city had already been missed. Everyone hates Feng Xiaolian's guts. Feng Xiaolian looks disappointing and especially hates it.
Qi man-made tunnels attacked Pingyang, and the city fell into more than ten steps, and the soldiers wanted to advance. Stop and ask Feng to see it. Shu Fei wears makeup from time to time. Zhou people refused to block it with wood, and the city could not fit. -"Purple Tongzhi Sword" Chen Liuji
I was only about ten years old when I first saw this history. But for me at the age of ten, this record in the history books has no credibility.
First of all, Gao Wei is not mentally retarded; Secondly, even if Gao Wei is mentally retarded, the etiquette around him is not mentally retarded; Thirdly, even if Gao Wei and the etiquette around him are mentally retarded, the frontline commander is not mentally retarded.
At that time, the Northern Zhou army had invaded the territory of Northern Qi. Where did Gao Wei get this leisure? Do you really think Gao Wei went to the front just to watch war movies at close range?
But after I got in touch with the internet, I found that many people are not as good as me at the age of ten. They directly used this story, which can never be faked, to scold Gao Qiu, Queen of Northern Qi Dynasty. It seems that as long as you just cross back casually, you won't make such a mistake.
Will Wei make mistakes that ordinary people don't make? The ancients were so abrupt, just to gain some cheap superiority.
Later, when the Northern Zhou Dynasty and the Northern Qi Dynasty fought a decisive battle, the troops of the Northern Zhou Dynasty only retreated slightly to make strategic adjustments. Feng Xiaolian said gloomily, "We are finished!" Gao Wei almost scared to pee. No matter how the etiquette around him persuaded him, he insisted on fleeing, and it was said that he would flee to Turkey.
The two armies met and rode with Feng to watch. The east is too small, but Shu Fei said in horror, "The army is defeated!" Zhu Qi wants to stay in Jinyang, the king of Guangning, and go north to Shuozhou. If Jinyang didn't keep it, he went to Turkey. His ministers thought it was impossible, and the emperor wouldn't follow. -"Purple Tongzhi Sword" Chen Liuji
In the first story, Gao Wei and Feng Xiaolian even flirted with the idea of showing love when facing the war scene, so they looked silly and bold.
The second story, in the face of war scenes, Gao Wei and Feng Xiaolian are like two mentally retarded people who have lost their minds, completely ignoring the objective fact that they still control the whole territory of Hebei and want to flee abroad at once.
Don't you think it's too far to compare them?
Unfortunately, many people just like to watch this kind of story, like to comment on this kind of story again and again, and have the style of "pointing out the mountains and writing with passion".
After the demise of the Northern Qi Dynasty, Gao Wei really had to bear the main responsibility. But in the specific war process, he did not lose many points. Gao Wei failed to turn the tide in the war, mainly because he lost too many points in politics. Even if Gao Wei can win a certain stage in the war, it is still impossible to save Beiqi.
The demise of the Northern Qi Dynasty was doomed as early as Gao Wei's reuse of imperial power and the killing of imperial officials.
The result of court politics is to crowd out the rich gentry and military and political leaders from the decision-making center. The disadvantage of this is that the ruling base of the Northern Qi Dynasty has become extremely narrow.
For a country with a broad ruling foundation, its fate will never be determined by the gains and losses of a war.
For example, 1937 after the formal anti-Japanese war, the government retreated from Nanjing to Wuhan, and then from Wuhan to Chongqing, which was defeated repeatedly. Most of China was occupied by the enemy.
In this extremely unfavorable situation, most people still think of active resistance. Even if Chongqing falls, we will continue to fight for our country even if we retreat to Southeast Asia. Why is this happening? Because the United front work has been completed and the ruling foundation is extremely broad, whoever dares to surrender out of turn will be able to fuck off!
Only those countries with extremely weak ruling foundation will fall apart because of a defeat.
The reason is simple: this country has long been in danger, and it is in danger of collapse when the wind blows. Failure is not the main reason for its collapse, but the last straw to overwhelm the camel.
The nobles, military and political leaders in the Northern Qi Dynasty were excluded from the decision-making center by the imperial forces, and they must have a deep hatred for the country and the emperor. When the Northern Zhou invaded, they were naturally willing to actively cooperate with the Northern Zhou Dynasty.
The Northern Qi faced by the Northern Zhou Dynasty's crusade was just an internally torn Northern Qi. But even so, Beizhou played very hard. If Beiqi is united internally, what will Zhou Bei do to conquer Beiqi?
The northwest is really strong, but Hebei is not a vegetarian. It is not easy for Hebei to clean up the northwest, and it is God's will to destroy Hebei in the northwest.
The process of objectively restoring the "Pingyang War" should be like this.
In 577 AD, 165438+ October, Emperor Yu Wenyong of the Northern Zhou Dynasty led an army to capture Pingyang City, and Empress Gao Wei of the Northern Qi Dynasty led an army to capture Pingyang City. In order to avoid the sharp edge of the Northern Qi army, Yuwen Yong left Liang Shiyan to stick to Pingyang City and led the army back to Chang 'an.
However, because the front line was in an emergency again and again, the Beiqi army could not attack Pingyang, a lonely city, for a long time, and lost its momentum. Yuwen Yong led the army back to the front line.
In February 65438+ AD, in 577, Yuwen Yong led his troops back to the front, and the Northern Zhou Dynasty and the Northern Qi Dynasty fought a decisive battle near Pingyang City. The army of Beiqi was defeated, and Zhou Jun was also very tired. In this context, Gao Wei decided to let Gao Yanzong lead the army to stick to Jinyang and return to Yecheng himself.
Is it wrong to choose high latitude? Not exactly. At the beginning, Yu Wenyong also left Liang Shiyan to stick to Pingyang City and led his army back to Chang 'an. Gao Wei's choice is actually to temporarily avoid the edge of the Northern Zhou army. Then nail a few nails on the road in the northern Zhou dynasty, so that the northern Zhou army can't March in.
When Gao Wei led the army back to Yecheng, Yuwen Yong also had the idea of withdrawing troops, and most generals also advised Yuwen Yong to withdraw troops. Their idea is actually very understandable: although the Northern Zhou Dynasty won the final victory in this great war outside Pingyang, it was a veritable tragic victory. If we continue to go deep into enemy-occupied areas, who can guarantee that nothing will happen?
From this point of view, no matter in the Northern Zhou Dynasty or the Northern Qi Dynasty, they made no big mistakes in strategic formulation. Liang Shiyan suggested that Yu Wenyong join the army, just hoping that Yu Wenyong could gamble. It is too high for Liang Shiyan to say that this trip will destroy the Northern Qi. He is a general, not a god stick.
The reason why Beiqi was destroyed in the pursuit of the Northern Zhou Dynasty was entirely because of the outbreak of internal contradictions, which made Beiqi unable to effectively implement the established strategy.
65438+February 65438+March, Gao Wei left Bing; 65438+February 65438+April, Gao Yanzong, who was guarding Jinyang, actually proclaimed himself emperor. Objectively speaking, as soon as the emperor left, the imperial clan immediately chose to rebel. What's this called?
General Bing asked King Yan Zong of Andrew to say, "If the king is not the son of heaven, he can't really do his best for the king." Yanzong had to be martial, that is, the emperor. -"Purple Tongzhi Sword" Chen Liuji
The history book says: Gao Yanzong was forced to proclaim himself emperor. But in my opinion, Gao Yanzong himself should also have a very strong desire to be an emperor. There are probably two main reasons why the two sides can hit it off:
First, Gao Cheng wants to get back the throne that once belonged to him. Three of Gao Cheng's six sons have died, and Gao Yanzong is one of the survivors.
Second, officials and soldiers at all levels in Jinyang front have no sense of belonging to Gao Wei, the last ruler of the Northern Qi Dynasty. It is no good to die if you fail, because Gao Wei only knows how to reuse the power of the imperial court. When Gao Wei was at the front, everyone dared not have any ideas, but now Gao Wei has returned to Yecheng.
In this environment, Gao Yanzong quickly chose to be emperor, while officials and soldiers at all levels in Jinyang gave support.
Is Gao Yanzong's approach correct? It's hard to say.
From an optimistic point of view, Gao Yanzong's claim to be emperor is tantamount to giving the Northern Qi Dynasty a new hope. Gao Wei, the later ruler, did not respect aristocratic men and military and political leaders. Of course Gao Yanzong did. If everyone is willing to abandon Gao Wei and choose Gao Yanzong in succession, there is hope that Beiqi will tide over the difficulties.
From a pessimistic point of view, Gao Yanzong's claim to be emperor means the formal division of the Northern Qi Dynasty, because Gao Wei, the later ruler, will never give way to Gao Yanzong willingly. When Gao Qiu learned that Gao Yanzong proclaimed himself emperor, he immediately made a statement: "I would rather give Bingzhou to the Northern Zhou Dynasty than leave Gao Yanzong as an anti-thief!"
Hearing this, the King of Qi said to the minister, "I would rather make Zhou my country than Andrew." Left and right say, "That's right." -"Purple Tongzhi Sword" Chen Liuji
When the emperor was still in power, Gao Yanzong became emperor himself. As long as it's not emotional, it's easy for us to come to a conclusion that Gauguin just made a normal reaction.
In fact, the concept of "giving friends rather than domestic slaves" is by no means the patent of Empress Dowager Cixi. Almost any ruler, even anyone, will have the idea that I would rather give the benefits to the enemy for nothing than leave you a traitor!
And even if the Northern Zhou Dynasty invaded Bingzhou, he was only an aggressor, and Gao Wei still had a chance to recover lost ground. Gao Yanzong is an influential imperial clan. If he defeated Beizhou in Bingzhou, Gao Wei would not say that he could not get it back, and even Hebei might lose it. Gao Yanzong can win a great victory and spread the news to Hebei. After all, there are too many rich gentry and military and political leaders who are dissatisfied with Gao Wei.
Gao Yanzong's choice is an adventurous gamble, and his chips in making this choice also lie in two points:
First, Gao Yanzong thinks that his military ability is super strong. Liang Shiyan can defend Pingyang by himself, and he can also defend Jinyang by himself.
Second, the northern Zhou army was extremely tired, and it won the support of officials and soldiers at all levels in Jinyang, which had a great chance of winning.
The ideal is full, but the reality is very skinny. In 65438+February 14, Gao Yanzong proclaimed himself emperor, and in 65438+February 17, Gao Yanzong was captured. He only kept Jinyang for three days and was emperor for three days.
It is worth mentioning that these three days are probably the most brilliant moments in Gao Yanzong's life. In these three days, he once beat Yu Wenyong, the emperor of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, and almost died on the battlefield. After this rout, Yuwen Yong, tired and hungry, even wanted to go back to Chang 'an directly, so he gave up without a fight. It's too painful! The generals also echoed, and they all stopped playing. It was too painful!
Zhou Zhu is slightly left and right, and there is no way out. Staff Sergeant Zhang Shou took the horse's head, and he Baffo brushed it behind with a whip, which was rugged. The Qi people fought hard for the first world war, and several of them were hit. East of the city, the road bends, Fawn and his descendants believe it, and they are exempted. It is already class four. Yanzong said that Zhou Zhu was killed by mutinous soldiers, and he was not allowed to seek a long-term reward in the corpse. Duke Zhou went out of the city, hungry, and wanted to escape. The generals also advised him to go back. -"Purple Tongzhi Sword" Chen Liuji
However, the Northern Zhou Dynasty finally chose to continue to March. After Gao Yanzong left, Gao Wei's story was almost finished.
When Gao Wei, the queen of the Northern Qi Dynasty, returned to Yecheng, her nanny Lu committed suicide, and Mu Tipo, the son of Lu, surrendered to the Northern Zhou Dynasty, which was the beginning of the collapse of Gao Wei's rule.
Mutibo ran to Zhou Jun, and Lu committed suicide, and all her family members were killed. -"Purple Tongzhi Sword" Chen Liuji
Under the strong military pressure of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, the influence of the nobles and military and political leaders in the Northern Qi Dynasty began to increase, and the important figures of the Northern Qi imperial power gradually withdrew.
The work of surrendering rebels in the Northern Zhou Dynasty also progressed smoothly: Gao Yanzong, who was captured, and Mutipo, who surrendered, received preferential treatment. The imperial army of the Northern Zhou Dynasty shouted the slogan "Those who surrender don't kill", which finally destroyed the Northern Qi.
Zhou and Zhu took Tipo as the pillar country and Yizhou as the secretariat. -"Purple Tongzhi Sword" Chen Liuji
Master Zhou said, "The emperors of the two countries have no complaints, but they have been passed on to the people. Finally, don't hurt each other, don't be afraid. " The ceremony of returning clothes and clothes, as well as Tang Yong and others were left behind in Zhou. -"Purple Tongzhi Sword" Chen Liuji
At the last moment of Northern Qi's life and death, Gao Wei, the late ruler, was forced to abdicate and become the emperor's father, and Northern Qi entered the stage of joint governance by nobles and military and political leaders.
Zhu Qi quoted Gao Yuanhai, the minister of history, and others, and unified the story into the Crown Prince according to the Heaven and Zen. -"Purple Tongzhi Sword" Chen Liuji
But it's too late to unite at this time. After the Northern Zhou army conquered Jinyang, it rested for 12 days and set out for Yecheng on February 29th, 65438.
In the first month of 578, the Northern Zhou army surrounded Yecheng, 19 defeated the Northern Qi army, entered Yecheng on the 20th, and the Northern Qi perished.
In October, Mutipo, who was canonized as the secretariat of Yizhou by the Northern Zhou Dynasty, rebelled, and some people took advantage of the situation to frame Gao Wei and took part in it. As a result, the royal family in the Northern Qi Dynasty was massacred collectively, and only a few people survived due to illness and moved to live in Shu.
Zhou people falsely accused Wen Wei of conspiring with Mutipo, the secretariat of Yizhou, and all his people were executed. Many people are conscious. Gao Yanzong cried without saying anything and died with Chili. Only Wei Xiaobao's younger brother was very angry with the Qing army, but he survived and moved to Shu. The remaining relatives, those who didn't kill and those who scattered the western soil, all died in the border area. -"Purple Tongzhi Sword" Chen Liuji
It was only twenty-eight years from the establishment of Beiqi in Levin in May 550 to the fall of Yecheng in February 578.