"Avenue trip also, the world is public. Choose talents and abilities, keep promises and mend fences, so an old friend is both a relative and an only son. Make the old have an end, be strong and useful, be young and strong, and help the disabled; Men get points and women get rewards. If the goods are abandoned on the ground, there is no need to hide them on yourself; You don't have to do it for yourself. It is to seek harmony without prosperity, and thieves do not do it. Therefore, not closing the door is for Datong. "

This means that in the era of "Avenue", the world is public. People do things for the benefit of the world. Social management must recommend talented people to preside over it. The relationship between people must be trustworthy and maintain harmony and friendship. Therefore, everyone treats their parents not only as parents, but also as children. In this way, the elderly can die a fair death, the mature can make a difference, the young can grow up healthily, and the lonely, lonely, lonely and disabled can be supported; All men have their own jobs, and all women have a happy home. Throw it on the ground in disgust, not necessarily in your own home; Everyone hates that they didn't make it themselves, but they don't necessarily make it for themselves. Therefore, those who engage in intrigue and evil for their own self-interest will have no market, and there will be no theft, rebellion or harm. Therefore, the doors of every household are wide open and need not be closed. This is the so-called "Great Harmony" society.

"Datong" society

Social system under ownership by the whole people

This social system owned by the whole people includes public ownership of power and property, first of all, public ownership of power. The slogan of public power is "the world is for the public", and the specific measures are to select talents, uphold faith and cultivate harmony. It is the elected talents who manage the society, and the power to elect talents is in the "world", that is, the people of the whole society, so the power is public. The reason why it is clear that power is public is because people realize from practice that power can change everything and grab everything. Only by abolishing the monopoly of individuals on power can we ensure that other aspects of society are not monopolized; Only by insisting on public ownership of power can we ensure public ownership in other aspects of society. Therefore, the slogan "The world is for the public" is fundamentally opposed to kingship. "Book of Rites Justice" explains: "The world is public, which means that the son of heaven is in power. For the public, it is said that it is granted by the holy virtue, and it is not privately passed on to future generations, that is, Zhu is abolished, and Shun and Yu are used together. " Justice takes Datong as a five-chapter story, so let me give you an example. Yao didn't pass on his son Dan Zhu to Shun, and Shun didn't pass on his career to Yu. Although justice also admits that "the world is public" first refers to the supreme ruling throne, from the examples cited, it is not all Datong mentioned by Liu Yun, because Yao and Shun did not pass on the throne to future generations, but ideologically "abdicated" the world as private property; And it is a last resort. Records of the Five Emperors wrote: "Yao's evil deeds are not enough to reward the world, so he has the right to shun." If granted smoothly, the world will benefit, and Danzhu disease will also occur. If Dani is awarded, the world will be sick and Dani will benefit. " Yao said: "I can't benefit one person from the disease in the world, but I will give it to Shun." The difference between Yao Shun and "Datong" is that Yao Shun's abdication is an expedient measure, and Datong's selection of talents and appointment is institutionalized; Yao and Shun were appointed by individuals, and Datong was elected by the "world". Yao and Shun are lifelong, but Datong is not lifelong. In the Datong world, there are no emperors and kings at all.

Management system for selecting talents and abilities

This system includes central and local governments. Since the world belongs to everyone, that place is the place of local people. Local affairs are managed by local talents. The election here refers to the civil movement, not the official movement. The nature of official recruitment and civilian recruitment is different, but the post-Confucianism confused the boundary between them and even deliberately changed the civilian recruitment into official recruitment. Han Confucianism explained: "Those who choose talents will not pass on their vocation to Ming, and this Ming will not be a vassal of the world." The country will not be passed down from generation to generation, only the talented, the four fierce, the sixteen phases and so on. "Although Han Confucianism also refers to the central and local governments with" the world is public "and" selecting talents and abilities ",it still uses the allusions of Yao and Shun. On the one hand, Yao Shun abdicated, and on the other hand, he chose talents and did all the good things, but the people didn't hear about it, so it was not an election in the original sense of the Great Harmony World. With the passage of time, the nature of elections has changed again and again. Since the Sui and Tang Dynasties, it has become a special reference for the court to select scholars. From Tang Shu to Ming Shi, there is a chronicle of elections, which records the imperial examinations in previous dynasties, and elections are completely isolated from the people.

Interpersonal relationship of trust and reconciliation

Trust and harmony are the core of good interpersonal relationships, and "the world is public" is the premise and foundation of establishing good interpersonal relationships. "The world is public", everyone is a member of society, and society has everyone's share. Food and clothing, equal status, there is no possibility of coercion, and there is no need for attachment. This is a summary of interpersonal relationships in the Great Harmony World. This interpersonal relationship based on the premise that "the world is public" has also been tampered with by post-Confucianism. "Book of Rites Justice" explains: "Those who believe in repairing relationships must talk about it; Believe, do not bully; Practice; Harmony and intimacy. This gentleman has no deceit and keeps his word. " So the mourners asked Zhou Fengyun if the Yu family didn't trust the people, but the people did. Through the interpretation of justice, it is only a superficial phenomenon of oral communication, and this phenomenon is the result of Wang Hua's influence, and the essence of the Great World has been castrated.

Provide social security for people.

The society depicted in Datong World is an ideal society where everyone respects the old and loves the young, and it is uneven and not warm enough. Here, people regard other people's parents as their own parents and their own children as their own children. "The old, the strong, the useful, the young, the strong, the lonely and the sick must be supported." Anyone can get the care of society, and anyone takes the initiative to care about society. Men have houses, women have homes, society is harmonious, and people are isolated. Post-Confucianism also tampered with this most practical social security, such as interpreting the social security system as the social atmosphere under the influence of kings. As the saying goes, "since you are selfless, loyal and considerate, you should learn from others, not only your own relatives, but also your own children." Everyone has a "strong and useful" labor right, which is interpreted as "not cherishing one's own strength to serve the young", men are divided into "those who have no talent to farm and those who have the ability to serve" and "women's right to repay" is interpreted as "the monarch has the right to repay because he has the means, so he does not delay time." Especially from the negative argument, intentionally or unintentionally vilify women, saying, "If you lose it, poetry will defend your daughter, and I am in the middle of mulberries, so it is necessary for me to enter the palace." "Men have their share, women have their share" actually means that both men and women have their own rights and opportunities to get married, and they will not be dissatisfied with their husbands and women because of war and unreasonable social system. This is a basic social security.

Social morality of the whole people.

Here, people have a high sense of responsibility, cherish social wealth, hate all waste and oppose any selfish behavior. "If the goods are evil, they should be abandoned on the ground, so there is no need to hide them on yourself." It is shameful to throw the goods on the ground, and it is equally shameful to hide the goods on yourself.

Do one's best labor attitude

Here, labor has become a highly conscious and accustomed activity. "You don't have to do it for yourself." It is shameful not to work hard, and it is also shameful not to work hard. It is also shameful to work only for yourself. What supports the ideal society of Datong world is people's free and highly conscious labor attitude, and the highly democratic political system and practical and reliable social security in Datong world are the premise and foundation of this labor attitude. Society provides people with harmonious and superior living conditions, and people repay society with highly conscious labor. They are mutually conditional, causal and progressive.