First, create a "smart city" in a dynamic balance.
In view of the current narrow understanding of "smart city", we need to adopt a simpler concept to understand "smart city" in a broad sense. In a broad sense, "smart city" is not a declarative description of a city's static goals or ideal blueprints, but a dynamic process of solving urban development problems by using more advanced technologies, which is a comprehensive state that makes the city more efficient, safe, convenient, harmonious and sustainable, that is, a smart response to urban problems. A "smart city" should optimize and integrate all kinds of resources as much as possible, so that people living in it can feel happiness instead of pressure, which is suitable for people's all-round development.
From this point of view, the generalized "smart city" is a calm state that dynamically responds to the urbanization process with wisdom. Its core is the quality orientation of urbanization development, and its form is a space organism under the guidance of smart development strategy. It has a social activity system with strong self-organization ability, an economic activity system with strong innovation performance and a highly intelligent support system.
According to the broad concept of "smart city", a "smart city" can be constructed into three levels: strategic level, activity level and physical level, and five systems: strategic system, social activity system, economic activity system, support system and spatial system. Among them, the supporting system and spatial system * * * constitute the material development foundation of "smart city", and form the economic and social development platform with the continuous evolution of information technology progress and spatial quality optimization respectively; The social activity system and the economic activity system are interrelated and mutually restricted to achieve a balance between fairness and efficiency; Guided by the strategic system, realize the overall dynamic balance of each system. For example, if the dynamic balance between social activities and economic activities is beyond a reasonable range, it will easily lead to the collapse of social, economic and even larger urban systems. At this time, the strategic system will play a balanced role.
Second, create a "smart city" in the mutual feedback between urban and rural areas.
In a sense, today's China society has developed into a period in which "urban society" is dominant. However, in the process of rapid urbanization in China, consanguinity is still the main link of social development, and total growth is still the main goal of economic development. Rapid and large-scale population movement may not necessarily form a good urban community. In this case, the "rural society" opposite to the "urban society" must make a wise response. The general principles are: on the one hand, we should emphasize that cities should feed back the resources and interests of rural areas; On the other hand, we should give full play to the local self-organization ability of rural areas and explore high-quality urban-rural relations.
At present, from the central government to the local government, it is emphasized to coordinate urban and rural development, actively promote the construction of new socialist countryside, vigorously promote ecological civilization and build beautiful China. These practices deserve full recognition. Because rural areas, like cities, are in urgent need of modernization and upgrading the quality and level of living facilities and supporting services. However, it should be noted that rural modernization is not only the enrichment of material life, but also the preservation of rural unique social and cultural attributes. Theoretically, rural and urban cultures are heterogeneous. Comparatively speaking, urban society is more complex and inclusive, while rural society is weaker. However, rural society is often a very stable social entity based on consanguinity and geography, and it will break out more powerful when it encounters problems involving collective interests. This cultural difference has brought us great challenges in promoting new urbanization and realizing the ultimate goal of urban-rural differentiation.
We believe that informatization is the main way to change the difference between urban and rural areas. In today's society, there is no obstacle of time and space to obtain information, and the "presence" and timeliness of information have been greatly improved. It is possible for rural society to be completely synchronized with the city in information construction at first, and become a breakthrough in promoting the construction of infrastructure and public services, and finally realize the overall goal of high-quality urbanization. The key here is whether the top-level design can tilt towards the relatively "weak" rural areas and floating population in terms of the supply of information technology and information resources, instead of still focusing on the "strong" large and medium-sized cities.
Third, build a "smart city" by improving the spatial self-organization ability.
At present, the compression of time and space and the substantial influence of informatization on production and lifestyle are increasingly prominent. The traditional hierarchical structure of the economic location-oriented center is gradually broken in the spatial form and the way people use space. The development of electronic communication network has broken through the barrier of distance to a great extent, leading to the emergence of unprecedented mega-cities, so that some non-central areas of the city can also use their own advantages to form economic activities. These new urban agglomerations form a closely linked whole through transportation and communication networks, and the development pattern of urban agglomeration is broken, forming a multi-center network development pattern. As far as the spatial structure of the city is concerned, the change of people's life and production mode by information technology has led to significant changes in the residential, transportation and industrial functions of the city, and the land use of the city, especially the central area, has shown a mixed trend, which has also promoted the functional reconstruction of the suburbs of the city.
Information technology has greatly expanded the frequency and intensity of non-local contact, and people's cognition of urban and rural space no longer depends on ergodic contact with the real physical environment, but on the spread of information media to a great extent. But the media itself is not only a neutral intermediary, but also affects the construction of society, culture and thought to a considerable extent. Therefore, for the perceived urban and rural space, the functional hierarchy sequence and urban-rural difference characteristics constructed by various Internet media represent the selective transmission of spatial images by specific groups to a great extent.
At the same time, it must be noted that a high degree of informatization has enhanced the diversity of people's local relations. In the state of rapid urbanization, the spatial results of compound consanguinity and geography abound: the bottom of the society (such as migrant workers) in the urbanized or semi-urbanized population is linked by fellow villagers and semi-enclosed gathered in a specific and diverse urban space carrier, which is embodied as a community of fellow villagers (such as "villages in cities"); Among them, the upper-middle-class people with higher education choose big cities as their foothold, which reflects the strong attraction of first-tier cities to all kinds of talents. But from the local identity, these high-end people are more or less worried about urban problems and dissatisfied with the urban environment. More importantly, the incomplete integration of localized lifestyles born of geography makes it difficult for big cities to become universally recognized "home cities".
What needs to be emphasized is that for the government, especially in the construction of "smart cities", it is necessary to balance the relationship between economy and society and between cities and villages strategically and dynamically, and pay close attention to the potential crisis of polarization between the rich and the poor and between urban and rural areas brought about by the progress of information technology. Focusing on the intelligent construction of system, society and people's livelihood, through the intelligent top-level design, people can benefit from intelligent technology fairly, fully release social forces and balance economic forces, and lead the balanced development of urban and rural areas with new urbanization.
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