Chapter 1: Selection of emergency plan for high temperature heatstroke prevention in construction site. At present, it has entered the summer, and engineering construction is carried out under high temperature conditions in summer, so workers are prone to heatstroke and food poisoning. In order to ensure the health of workers, our bureau has specially formulated an emergency plan to prevent high temperature heatstroke, which requires all project departments to seriously implement it.
First, the basic principles of emergency response
1, emergency rescue work follows the principles of unified leadership, division of labor and cooperation, timely response, decisive measures, relying on science, giving priority to self-help, and combining unit self-help with social assistance.
2, to protect the safety of personnel as a priority principle.
3, any individual has the obligation to participate in or cooperate with the emergency rescue work of production safety accidents.
Second, preventive measures.
1, summer construction must arrange work and rest time reasonably, and take the method of going to work early in the morning and getting off work early in the afternoon to avoid the hot and high temperature period at noon. Let the construction workers try not to work continuously in high temperature environment for a long time, and add shading facilities in the workplace according to the conditions.
2, the construction site set up a rest shed, drinking point, ensure the supply of tea, arrange personnel will meet the health standards of heatstroke prevention and cooling drinks to the job site.
3, timely distribution of heatstroke prevention and cooling drugs.
4. Workers and migrant workers who feel unwell during high temperature should be treated in time according to the knowledge of heatstroke prevention and cooling, or treated by doctors.
5. The canteen must purchase fresh vegetables and foods that meet the hygiene standards in summer, and it is strictly forbidden to buy and eat foods and drinks that do not meet the hygiene standards.
Third, the disposal measures
When someone has heatstroke, report to the emergency leading group immediately. Call for help if necessary.
On-site personnel should immediately take the following emergency measures to rescue heatstroke personnel:
1. Immediately transfer the patient to a ventilated, cool and dry place. Such as corridors, rest in the shade of trees.
2, let the patient lie on his back, unbutton clothes, take off or loosen the patient's clothes, if the clothes have been soaked with sweat, should be put on clean clothes, at the same time turn on the electric fan or air conditioner, in order to keep warm as soon as possible. And adde salt-containing refreshing beverage.
3. Use physical methods to cool down as soon as possible, and let the body temperature drop below 38 degrees.
4. If the patient is conscious, or conscious after cooling, you can give the patient food or drinks such as mung bean soup and light salt water to relieve summer heat, or you can take summer-heat drugs such as Huoxiang Zhengqi Water. Coma patients can be treated by acupuncture at human acupoints such as Renzhong and Xuan Shi, and severe patients must be sent to hospital for treatment quickly. In clinic, scraping, cupping and "grasping tendons" of traditional Chinese medicine can often have immediate effects.
If there are employees and migrant workers suffering from heatstroke at the scene of each project department, they should rescue the patients at the first time, and at the same time report the specific situation to the relevant departments of the project department so as to take appropriate measures. You can't blindly rescue at the scene. In addition to the above basic rescue, you should also take decisive first aid measures according to the severity of the illness and the conditions for medical treatment. Ask the phone number of the hospital where the nearest construction site is located. In the absence of the leader of the emergency team, the deputy leader shall be responsible. When workers are found to have heatstroke or food poisoning, extraordinary and effective measures can be taken to prevent the situation from expanding as much as possible.
Fourth, emergency material allocation
The materials and equipment configured in this special emergency plan include: a first-aid medicine box (containing heatstroke prevention and cooling drugs such as Ren Dan, Ten Drops of Water, Wind Oil, Huoxiang Zhengqi Water and Cool Oil) and a stretcher.
Five, heatstroke prevention and cooling knowledge
Heatstroke refers to an acute disease characterized by the disorder of central nervous system and circulatory system caused by the disorder of body temperature regulation in high temperature environment. In addition to exposure to the hot sun, excessive work intensity, long time, lack of sleep and excessive fatigue are also common reasons.
According to the severity of clinical manifestations, heatstroke can be divided into threatened heatstroke, mild heatstroke and severe heatstroke, and the relationship among them is gradual.
Symptoms of threatened heatstroke
In the high temperature environment, there are symptoms such as headache, dizziness, thirst, sweating, weakness and pain of limbs, inattention, uncoordinated movements and so on. Body temperature is normal or slightly elevated. If it is moved to a cool and ventilated place in time and supplemented with water and salt, it can be recovered in a short time.
Mild heatstroke symptoms
The body temperature is often above 38 degrees. In addition to dizziness and thirst, it is often manifested as flushing, sweating, burning skin, etc., or cold limbs, pale face, decreased blood pressure and accelerated pulse. If handled in time, it can often be recovered within a few hours.
Severe heatstroke symptoms
As the name implies, it is the most serious type of heatstroke, and it will be life-threatening if it is not treated in time. This kind of heatstroke can be divided into four types: heat spasm, heat exhaustion, heatstroke and heatstroke.
1. Symptoms and characteristics of heat spasm: It mostly occurs when the concentration of sodium chloride in blood drops rapidly and obviously due to excessive sweating and thirst, excessive drinking water and insufficient salt supplementation. When this kind of heatstroke happens, the muscles will suddenly have paroxysmal spasmodic pain.
2. Symptoms and characteristics of heatstroke: This kind of heatstroke mostly occurs in the elderly and people who can't adapt to the high temperature for a while. The main symptoms are dizziness, headache, palpitation, thirst, nausea, vomiting, cold skin, decreased blood pressure, syncope or confusion. At this time, the body temperature is normal or slightly higher.
3. Symptoms and characteristics of solar eclipse: As the name implies, the cause of this heatstroke is that under the direct irradiation of the scorching sun, strong sunlight penetrates the skin and skull of the head, causing brain cell damage, which in turn causes brain tissue congestion and edema; Because the main injury is the head, the initial discomfort is severe headache, nausea and vomiting, irritability, and then coma and convulsions may occur.
4. Symptoms and characteristics of heatstroke: Some people have been engaged in manual labor in a high temperature environment for a long time, and the body produces too much heat, but the heat dissipation is insufficient, resulting in a sharp rise in body temperature. At the beginning of the onset, a lot of cold sweat broke out, followed by no sweat, shallow breathing, rapid pulse, restlessness, confusion and decreased blood pressure, which gradually developed into coma with limb convulsions; Severe cases can produce brain edema, pulmonary edema, heart failure and so on.
What to do after heatstroke:
When you find yourself and others with symptoms of threatened heatstroke and mild heatstroke, the first thing to do is to quickly evacuate the high temperature environment that causes heatstroke and choose a cool and ventilated place to rest; And drink more salty and cold drinks. You can also apply cool oil, wind oil essence, etc. On the forehead and temples, or take Ren Dan, ten drops of water, Huoxiang Zhengqi water and other traditional Chinese medicines. If your blood pressure drops and you collapse, you should lie flat immediately and go to the hospital for intravenous drip of normal saline in time.
For severe heatstroke patients, in addition to immediately transferring them from high temperature environment to a cool and ventilated place, they should also be sent to the hospital quickly and take comprehensive measures for treatment. such as
How to prevent heatstroke:
Remember to prepare sunscreen equipment when you go out in summer. 1 1 to 15 It is best not to work in the scorching sun, because the sun is strongest at this time, and the possibility of heatstroke is 10 times that of usual! If you have to go to work at this time, you must take good protection, such as playing a parasol and applying sunscreen if possible; Prepare plenty of water and drinks. In addition, in the hot summer, heatstroke prevention and cooling drugs, such as ten drops of water, dragon and tiger elixir, wind oil essence and so on. You must keep it at hand in case of emergency. Wear cotton, linen and silk fabrics as much as possible, and wear less chemical fiber clothing to avoid heatstroke caused by untimely heat dissipation when sweating a lot.
Drugs to be prepared:
Huoxiang Zhengqi Water, Ten Drops of Water, Ren Dan and Xiaoshu Tablet all have the effects of relieving summer heat and detoxifying. In addition, Xiasangju Granules, Xiahuowang Granules, and Chrysanthemum, Honeysuckle and other teas made with boiling water have a good effect on preventing and treating summer colds and heatstroke. It should be noted that Huoxiang Zhengqi water and ten drops of water must be separated and cannot be used rashly. The former is mainly good at treating diseases such as summer cold and gastroenteritis caused by pathogenic wind, cold and dampness in summer, with a wide range of treatment. Can be used for treating common cold, gastroenteritis and gastrointestinal discomfort caused by heatstroke in summer and autumn. Ten drops of water are only used for heatstroke, that is, dizziness, coma and gastrointestinal discomfort caused by summer heat. One medicine is mainly used to treat diseases caused by pathogenic wind, cold and dampness, and the other medicine is mainly used to treat diseases caused by damp-heat in summer. Their functions are completely different. Therefore, it is necessary to choose according to the symptoms and not to use it rashly.
Homemade soybean milk:
Hot tea is a good drink in summer, and soybean milk can relieve summer heat and reduce fire. This paper introduces a kind of homemade soybean milk: lily lotus seed pulp. Materials: lily 10g, lotus seed meat 10g, tremella 10g, mung bean 45g, crystal sugar or honey. Method: Soak dried lily and lotus seeds in warm water until soft, spread tremella, wash and pick them into small flowers, soak mung beans thoroughly, wash them with lily, lotus seeds and tremella, and put them into a soymilk machine. Lily and lotus seed soybean milk will be ready in ten minutes, and then add sugar or honey according to personal preference.
Health care measures for heatstroke prevention:
(1) Provide necessary salty or sour drinks for production personnel who go to work in summer;
(2) Timely distribute heatstroke prevention drugs such as Ren Dan, Ten Drips of Water and Essential Oil.
Refreshing drinks and heatstroke prevention drugs are a kind of health care measures taken in heatstroke prevention and cooling, which can be uniformly prepared according to local conditions, supplied centrally and drunk locally. The production unit must ensure the needs of the production site.
In order to ensure the smooth construction of this project, ensure that the emergency rescue work can be rapid and effective in case of emergency during construction, and ensure the safety of employees' lives and property to the maximum extent, this plan is formulated according to the characteristics of this project.
First, make this plan for all kinds of emergencies in construction to ensure that all kinds of emergency resources are in a good state of preparation; Moreover, it can guide emergency actions to be carried out in an orderly manner as planned, prevent accidents from being delayed due to ineffective actions or chaotic on-site rescue work, and reduce casualties and property losses. Construction emergencies refer to all kinds of engineering construction accidents that are sudden, cause or may cause more casualties and greater economic losses.
Two, the establishment of the construction project emergency leading group, responsible for the command and coordination of emergency rescue work. The project manager is the commander-in-chief of the implementation leading group. The chief commander is out, and the project executive manager is the deputy chief commander. In the absence of the Deputy Chief Commander, it shall be implemented by the on-site technical director. For the implementation of rescue work, see the emergency organization plan for specific personnel arrangements.
Three, when there are all kinds of sudden symptoms of high temperature in engineering construction, after receiving the emergency report, should immediately start the plan. At the first time, ask for help from the information liaison group of the project department and the "120" ambulance center respectively, and report the situation to the leaders of the project department. After an emergency, the follow-up situation should be continuously fed back to relevant leaders and departments.
Four, after the emergency in the construction, the project department set up the rescue site headquarters as appropriate, and the project manager served as the commander-in-chief of the accident site, and set up a leading group.
1, heatstroke prevention and cooling support team
In the summer construction process, there are many open-air working environments during operation; The distribution area of personnel work is complex and changeable; The influence of labor intensity and other aspects has brought a lot of inconvenience to the summer construction of the project. In order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the operators and the safety of life and property, and create a safe and comfortable environment for the operators, when the operators have adverse reactions due to high temperature, the team leader will immediately organize the members of the group to transfer and control the accident personnel to prevent the accident personnel from increasing in the surrounding construction site. Make emergency actions more targeted and improve operational efficiency. So as not to cause huge accident losses.
2. Information Contact Group
Be responsible for understanding the scope of casualties, economic losses and emergencies, organizing the collection of weather and temperature conditions, then taking necessary preventive measures, reporting measures and developments to superiors in time, and contacting relevant departments.
3, security (alert) team
The safety officer will serve as the team leader, organize team members to monitor the development of dangerous situations, prevent the construction period from being affected, strengthen safety education for team members, further improve safety awareness, organize site management personnel to conduct safety inspections on the construction site, eliminate potential safety hazards, prevent the occurrence of vicious accidents, and how to control the impact of accidents to a minimum in case of accidents.
4. On-site medical rescue team
In the event of an accident, the team leader should organize employees to carry out on-site classification and first aid treatment for heatstroke employees, and be responsible for the effective rescue of sick people at the first time; And transfer in time. The main duties of ambulance personnel are: to enter the construction site to rescue the wounded; Guide heatstroke personnel to carry out self-help and mutual rescue activities; Concentrate, count, transport and treat the wounded. According to the specific situation, quickly formulate emergency treatment plans and organize their implementation.
5. Logistics Support Team
Responsible for organizing the mobilization of rescue personnel, materials and equipment, and supervising and inspecting the implementation of various rescue and relief measures.
Five, in the case of construction emergency, the rescue site command according to the specific situation, can assemble rescue teams, personnel, materials and equipment from the nearby construction site. At the same time, professional rescue teams, materials and equipment are mobilized from the emergency preparedness and rescue team.
Six, all kinds of emergencies, need to mobilize the main professional rescue team, emergency relief supplies. The main materials and personnel responsibilities are arranged as follows:
1, personnel and materials preparation:
The material engineer is responsible for the material procurement of the project department. The main drugs and medical rescue equipment are as follows:
(1), drugs: cold medicine, diarrhea medicine and other therapeutic drugs, Huoxiang Zhengqi water, Huoxiang Zhengqi soft capsule, essential oil, tea, sugar and so on.
(2) Rescue appliances: single frame, ambulance, oxygen bag, towel, medical medicine cabinet, freezer (ice), etc.
Seven, rescue methods:
1, mild patient
When the field operators feel dizzy, weak and dizzy, they should stop the operation immediately to prevent secondary accidents. Other peripheral operators should arrange symptomatic personnel to rest in a cool and ventilated place and provide them with cold water and wet towels. And notify the project department medical rescue personnel for observation, diagnosis and treatment.
2. Severe patients (syncope, shock, severe water shortage, etc. )
When heatstroke occurs in the work site, people around the work site should immediately notify the project department, and timely transfer the accident personnel to a cool and ventilated place to observe their symptoms, so that medical personnel can temporarily grasp the first-hand medical information. The project department should decide whether to start the heatstroke prevention and cooling scheme according to the specific situation. And immediately organized ambulance personnel to rush to the scene to treat the accident personnel. Those with severe symptoms should be transferred to the nearest hospital for observation and treatment as soon as possible in the case that the medical equipment of the project department cannot be treated. And report to the owner.
Eight, the aftermath:
1, according to the principle of "four no-misses", do a good job in the investigation and handling of accidents, take targeted preventive measures, strengthen publicity and education for each team, so that everyone can master the precautions in the summer construction process and know how to protect themselves; Know how to save others. Summarize the experience and lessons to prevent similar incidents from happening. Specific preventive measures are as follows:
(1) The information group collects and processes the daily weather, and then reports it to the heatstroke prevention and cooling support group of the project department, and takes corresponding safety precautions according to the specific situation.
(2) When the outdoor temperature is higher than 39℃, the project department shall conduct special safety disclosure for cooling construction for each team to stop the on-site construction.
(3) The logistics support team should be able to guarantee the workers' drinking water and emergency medicine at any time.
(4) The heatstroke prevention and cooling emergency rescue agency shall formulate a set of reasonable and effective "personnel work and rest schedule" according to the temperature situation of the year, and avoid the highest daily temperature period (11:00 ~15: 00) for construction.
(5) The Project Department shall conduct safety education for each team to improve the workers' ability to cope with various situations. Strengthen the propaganda work of construction safety in summer, so that everyone can understand and master the safety common sense of heatstroke prevention and cooling, and improve the adaptability and processing ability of operators in practice.
(6) The project department shall set up medical personnel, strengthen the propaganda of medical rescue within the project, ensure the life safety of personnel, and create a humanized construction site.
Nine, emergency recovery, reentry
After emergency recovery, the dangerous area must be evaluated and the accident analyzed before re-entry. Only when the dangerous area is safe can we enter the site to continue our work.
Chapter III: The emergency plan for high-temperature heatstroke prevention at the construction site has entered the midsummer season, with strong sunshine intensity and continuous high-temperature weather. In order to do a good job of heatstroke prevention and cooling at the construction site in summer, ensure the health and safety of employees working in high-temperature environment, continuously improve working conditions, and prevent workers from heatstroke and other production safety accidents caused by high-temperature weather, the heatstroke prevention and cooling scheme of our factory is specially formulated:
1, earnestly implement the responsibility system for heatstroke prevention and cooling.
Relevant units should conscientiously implement a series of requirements for heatstroke prevention and cooling at the construction site, strengthen the organization and leadership of heatstroke prevention and cooling with a highly responsible attitude towards the life and health of frontline construction personnel, improve and implement the responsibility system, formulate emergency plans, and pay close attention to the implementation of preventive measures to prevent workers from heatstroke and various production safety accidents caused by high temperature weather.
2, reasonable arrangement of work and rest time
Pay close attention to the weather forecast of high temperature weather. Meteorology defines the maximum daily temperature as "high temperature day" when it is greater than or equal to 35 degrees Celsius, and the "high temperature day" that lasts for more than 5 days is called "continuous high temperature". Strictly implement the measures of "grasping at both ends and intermittently" to avoid high temperature, appropriately adjust the labor rest system for high temperature operation in summer, reduce labor intensity, strictly control outdoor operation time, avoid operation during high temperature period, and ensure the health and life safety of workers. In principle, when the temperature exceeds 37℃, outdoor operation is strictly prohibited from1:00 to 15: 00.
3. Ensure that there is enough drinking water supply at the site.
Adequate drinking water, beverages, tea and various soups that meet the hygiene requirements should be supplied on site to effectively prevent heatstroke and avoid heatstroke.
4, strengthen the rotation rest at work.
In summer, according to the technological process of construction, the labor organization should be adjusted as much as possible, and frequent shifts should be adopted to shorten the continuous operation time and strengthen the rotation rest at work. Strengthen on-site inspections, increase the publicity of heatstroke prevention and cooling knowledge and heatstroke first aid knowledge, and improve the safety awareness of all staff.
5. Actively improve the production and living environment of construction sites.
We should conscientiously implement the Regulations on the Management of Construction Sites, actively take measures to strengthen ventilation and cooling, ensure that temporary facilities such as dormitories, canteens, toilets and showers for construction workers meet the needs of heatstroke prevention and cooling, and provide cool drinks and commonly used heatstroke prevention drugs for construction workers. Electric fans must be installed in the dormitory and canteen of the construction site, and units with conditions should install air conditioners in the dormitory.
6, the implementation of heatstroke prevention and cooling items
We should pay close attention to the front-line construction workers who insist on construction in hot weather, strengthen the propaganda of heatstroke prevention and cooling knowledge, require construction workers to carry heatstroke prevention drugs with them, such as Ren Dan, cooling oil and wind oil essence, and implement heatstroke prevention and cooling items for each worker.
7, do a good job of fire prevention in summer
In view of the fact that summer is hot, dry and prone to fire accidents, further strengthen fire prevention measures and regularly check flammable places such as power distribution room, warehouse and paint room. When problems are found, deal with them immediately, and equip them with fire-fighting equipment according to regulations.
8. Do a good job in health and epidemic prevention.
It is necessary to do a good job in health and epidemic prevention in the construction site and living quarters, strengthen the sanitary management of drinking water and food, strictly implement the food hygiene system, and avoid poisoning incidents caused by food deterioration; Strengthen the monitoring of summer-prone diseases. In case of legal infectious diseases and food poisoning, the on-site staff shall report to the relevant competent departments in time.
Chapter 4: Selection of emergency plan for high temperature heatstroke prevention in construction site 1. Purpose:
In midsummer, the sunshine intensity is strong and the hot weather continues. In order to do a good job in heatstroke prevention and cooling at the construction site in summer, ensure the health of construction workers, continuously improve working conditions, and prevent production safety accidents such as heatstroke caused by high temperature weather, these measures are specially formulated.
2. Scope of application:
This system is applicable to xx Project Department of xx Power Construction Company.
3. Specific provisions:
(1) Seriously implement the responsibility system for heatstroke prevention and cooling.
Relevant units should conscientiously implement a series of requirements for heatstroke prevention and cooling at the construction site, strengthen the organization and leadership of heatstroke prevention and cooling with a highly responsible attitude towards the life and health of frontline construction personnel, improve and implement the responsibility system, formulate emergency plans, and pay close attention to the implementation of preventive measures to prevent workers from heatstroke and various production safety accidents caused by high temperature weather.
(2) Reasonable arrangement of work and rest time.
Pay close attention to the weather forecast of high temperature weather. Meteorology defines the maximum daily temperature as "high temperature day" when it is greater than or equal to 35 degrees Celsius, and the "high temperature day" that lasts for more than 5 days is called "continuous high temperature". Strictly implement the measures of "grasping at both ends and intermittently" to avoid high temperature, appropriately adjust the labor rest system for high temperature operation in summer, reduce labor intensity, strictly control outdoor operation time, avoid operation during high temperature period, and ensure the health and life safety of workers. In principle, when the temperature exceeds 37℃, outdoor operation is strictly prohibited from1:00 to 15: 00.
(3) Strengthen the rotation rest at work.
In summer, according to the technological process of construction, the labor organization should be adjusted as much as possible, and frequent shifts should be adopted to shorten the continuous operation time and strengthen the rotation rest at work. Strengthen on-site inspections, increase the publicity of heatstroke prevention and cooling knowledge and heatstroke first aid knowledge, and improve the safety awareness of all staff.
(4) Ensure that there is enough drinking water supply at the site.
Adequate drinking water, beverages, tea and various soups that meet the hygiene requirements should be supplied on site to effectively prevent heatstroke and avoid heatstroke.
(5) Implement heatstroke prevention and cooling items.
We should pay close attention to the front-line construction workers who insist on construction in hot weather, strengthen the propaganda of heatstroke prevention and cooling knowledge, require construction workers to carry heatstroke prevention drugs with them, such as Ren Dan, cooling oil and wind oil essence, and implement heatstroke prevention and cooling items for each worker.
(6) Actively improve the production and living environment of the construction site.
We should conscientiously implement the Regulations on the Management of Construction Sites, actively take measures to strengthen ventilation and cooling, ensure that temporary facilities such as dormitories, canteens, toilets and showers for construction workers meet the needs of heatstroke prevention and cooling, and provide cool drinks and commonly used heatstroke prevention drugs for construction workers. Electric fans must be installed in the dormitory and canteen of the construction site, and units with conditions should install air conditioners in the dormitory.
(seven) do a good job in health and epidemic prevention.
It is necessary to do a good job in health and epidemic prevention in the construction site and living quarters, strengthen the sanitary management of drinking water and food, strictly implement the food hygiene system, and avoid poisoning incidents caused by food deterioration; Strengthen the monitoring of summer-prone diseases. In case of legal infectious diseases and food poisoning, the on-site staff shall report to the relevant competent departments in time.
(8) Do a good job of fire prevention in summer.
In view of the fact that summer is hot, dry and prone to fire accidents, further strengthen fire prevention measures and regularly check flammable places such as power distribution room, warehouse and paint room. When problems are found, deal with them immediately, and equip them with fire-fighting equipment according to regulations.