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Why did Europe rise after 1500?
First, the rise of Europe is only in the last two hundred years. Before that, Europe was far behind China, Indian and Arab countries in economy, science and technology and culture. Second, the view that China's ancient high taxes inhibited economic growth is totally unfounded. Britain, where the industrial revolution first took place, was also the country with the highest tax revenue in the world at that time. Third, the movement under the slogan of "freedom" and "democracy" in European history has not really changed Europe, but in fact it is only a cover for minority groups to seek their own interests. Fourthly, Malthusian population crisis exists not only in China, but also in European history. Fifth, mathematics is the mother of modern science. However, it was not Europeans who laid the foundation for today's mathematics and even the whole natural science, but Islamic scholars.

In the history of more than 1000 years before 1800, influenced by climate, disease, war and other factors, all countries in Europe and Asia had periods of relative economic and social prosperity and their respective periods of relative decline. Until about 1800, the living standard of the people in Eurasia has not achieved a real breakthrough, and the living standard of British residents is even slightly lower than that of China people. During the period of 1500- 1800, the family structure and fertility pattern of Asian and European countries are different, but the population growth rate is almost the same. Many large-scale plagues and famines in Europe are manifestations of Malthusian population crisis. What really frees Europe from population pressure is not effective population control, but large-scale population migration to American and Australian colonies.