The Battle of Nanjing was a battle to defend the capital Nanjing after the defeat of the National Revolutionary Army in June 65438 +0937+065438+ 10. In this campaign, General Tang Shengzhi was appointed Commander-in-Chief of Nanjing Garrison [1], commanding the so-called national army of 1.5 million to fight against the Japanese army of 200,000. (According to the book "History of Nanjing Garrison" written by General Tan Daoping, the chief of staff of the Capital Garrison Headquarters who fought in Nanjing at the beginning, we know that there are only 8 1.4 divisions in Nanjing, among which, Because the Kuomintang High Command made the greatest efforts in the organization and command of the campaign and mobilized the troops with the strongest fighting capacity at that time to participate in the war. However, before the war, the combat effectiveness of various troops in Songhu War declined rapidly with the decrease of the number of veterans, and the situation deteriorated rapidly and failed. Chiang Kai-shek called Tang Shengzhi in wartime. If the situation doesn't last long, he can retreat with his camera in order to arrange a counterattack. Because Tang Shengzhi insisted on it before the war, he gave the order "Wei Shen Zuo Zi No.36" as an answer. The content is as follows: "Our army's occupation of the compound position is the last battle to defend Nanjing. All units should try their best to defend Nanjing with the determination to survive in their positions. They must never give up an inch of land or shake the whole army easily. If you move back without permission, you will obey the order of the Committee, and deal with the ships obtained by various units in strict accordance with the method of sitting together, and all of them will be kept by the transportation headquarters, and Song Xilian, the commander of the 78 th Army, will be responsible for it. The Constitution and the police along the Yangtze River prohibit troops from crossing the river by boat without permission, and offenders will be arrested and severely punished. Dare to resist and stop by force. " In an attempt to "cross the rubicon" spirit. When it was finally decided to break through, all the tools for retreating ships were basically lost, and there was a situation of trampling on each other and fighting for the road. The national army resisted the collapse. 13, Nanjing fell, and 50,000 Japanese troops entered the city, thus starting the Nanjing Massacre that shocked the world for six weeks in a row.