In World War I, which broke out in 19 14, the czar government joined the Allies, which plunged the Russian people into the misery of the imperialist war. About 6.5438+0.4 million young adults were recruited as soldiers, and a large number of factories were closed. The land is barren and the people's lives are miserable. Therefore, from the rear to the front, from the capital to the frontier, a revolutionary movement against the war and the czar system flourished throughout the country. Bolsheviks headed by Lenin resolutely opposed participating in the imperialist war and advocated overthrowing the reactionary rule of the tsar.
Under the leadership and influence of the Bolsheviks, Russian workers and revolutionary soldiers launched an uprising, overthrew the Tsar on March 19 12, 2007 (February 27th, Russian calendar), and ended the 300-year-long Romanov dynasty. However, after the February Revolution, two regimes appeared in Russia. One is the provisional government controlled by the bourgeoisie, and the other is the Soviet Union (meaning conference) represented by engineers. The provisional government represents the interests of the Russian bourgeoisie and Anglo-American and French imperialism. It continued the imperialist war abroad and tried its best to maintain the old ruling machine at home in an attempt to dismiss the workers and destroy the Soviet Union. Lenin pointed out in time that a new revolution must be carried out to seize power from the interim government. On behalf of the Soviet Union, he put forward the slogan "All political power belongs to workers". Gal, the interim government panicked. They hastily called in troops to wipe out the Bolsheviks.
10 year1October 20th (10 year1October 7th), Lenin, who was forced into exile in Finland, secretly returned to Petersburg. The agenda of the armed revolution was immediately accelerated. The Central Committee of the Bolshevik Party adopted Lenin's resolution on preparing for an armed uprising. But the news leaked, and the bourgeois provisional government immediately became alert and ordered the arrest of Lenin. The situation is so tense that a decisive battle between the two sides is imminent.
165438+1In the early morning of October 6, a group of troops of the provisional government suddenly drove to the printing house on Bolshevik Road to go to the engineering company. They occupied the printing house and confiscated two newspapers.
The news spread and all the Bolsheviks in Petersburg took action. Red guards and revolutionary fighters immediately rushed to the printing house and blew out the troops of the interim government. At 1 1 in the morning, the workers' road will be released as usual. People picked up newspapers and read aloud:
"The regime should be handed over to engineers representing the Soviet Union. The regime should be a new government elected by the Soviet Union, and the Soviet Union has the right to replace it and be responsible to the Soviet Union. "
"good!" Everyone cheered. They knew that an armed uprising was about to begin. The revolutionary storm swept the city with unstoppable momentum. A few hours later, the revolutionary ranks of more than 200,000 people gathered and entered a state of fighting. Foreign troops who came to support the interim government were stopped by armed insurgents from all over the country. A large number of officers and men of the provisional government army turned to the people's side. The interim government was completely isolated.
That night, a short man dressed as a worker hurried to the Smolny Institute, the headquarters of the armed uprising. As soon as he entered the palace, he immediately took off his wig and decisively issued the order of the uprising: "Tonight, we must arrest all government personnel and disarm them!"
This man is Lenin. At the critical moment of the revolution, he took the initiative and made a decision to immediately promote the uprising, and personally directed the uprising.
The next morning,165438+1October 7 (65438+1October 25), except for the Winter Palace where the provisional government was located and several strongholds, Petersburg was actually in the hands of the revolutionary army. So, at the Soviet meeting held during the day, Lenin announced in a burst of warm cheers: "The Bolsheviks have always believed that the necessary revolution of workers and peasants has been successful!"
At this time, the Winter Palace has been surrounded by revolutionary troops. At 9: 40 pm, there was a loud bang and the signal of the general attack sounded. This signal was an empty cannon fired by the pro-revolutionary cruiser Aphrodite, which sailed into neva river. With the gunfire, the searchlight beams through the white smoke, making the Winter Palace look like daytime. The troops attacking the Winter Palace shouted in unison, crossed the barricade, broke through the palace gate and flooded in like a flood. At the moment, the steps, entrances and stairs of the Winter Palace are full of people with weapons. The temporary government forces guarding the Winter Palace could not resist the powerful offensive of the uprising troops. After a short battle, the Winter Palace was occupied. The members of the 65,438+06 provisional government hiding in the palace are helpless. At the gunpoint of the insurgent soldiers, they handed over their certificates one by one and were all arrested.
"long live! Long live! " Cheers immediately sounded in the Winter Palace, the czar's palace and the interim government. The great October Revolution succeeded.
When the smoke filled the air over the Winter Palace and the soldiers bravely charged, the second All-Russian Soviet Congress opened in Smolny College. The Congress adopted the Letter to Workers, Peasants and Soldiers drafted by Lenin, and solemnly declared that the Russian regime belonged to the Soviet Union. Lenin was elected chairman of the People's Committee of the Soviet government. The world's first socialist country led by the proletariat was born.