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What is dialectical theology?
Abelard believes that the primary task of dialectics is not to prove and explain, but to explore and criticize. Dialectics can be applied to theology because there is uncertainty in belief. Abelard listed 156 theological themes in his book Yes or No. There are both positive and negative opinions on each topic, which are taken from the works of apostles and godfathers recognized by the church and have equal authority. These topics involve basic teachings and creeds, including: Is there only one God? Does the son have a beginning? Can God do everything? Does God know everything? Will the first pair of human ancestors rot when they are created? Is Adam saved? Are Peter, Paul and all the apostles equal? Is Christ the only foundation of the church? Can the work of saints make people just? Should everyone be allowed to get married? Wait a minute. Abelard listed "yes" and "no" opinions on all these major issues, but did not show his position. True and false divination represents the standard form of dialectical theology. Although some of Abelard's other works were condemned by the church, this work became a model for theologians to follow later. Classical works of scholasticism, such as Peter's Four Books of Proverbs in Lombardy, Thomas's Complete Book of Theology, etc. , there are two forms of "argument" and "argument". Topics include pros and cons. Arguments prove that one opinion is correct and the other is wrong through logical analysis and reasoning. Yes or no, although there is no debate, expressing the topic in the form of different opinions has satisfied the first and most important step of dialectics: asking questions appropriately.

In the preface of Yes or No, Abela answered the question why authoritative views are contradictory. His purpose is not to deny the rationality of authoritative opinions, but to illustrate the further discussion of the rationality of authoritative opinions with dialectics. He said that godfathers and apostles make mistakes. For example, Augustine wrote Correction to correct his mistakes. However, their mistakes are not caused by faith. Some mistakes are caused by quoting authoritative works with false entrustment or the Bible with wrong writing. This lesson tells people that all authoritative works "should have full freedom of criticism and no obligation to accept without doubt, otherwise, all research roads will be blocked, and future generations will be deprived of the excellent wisdom used to discuss language and difficult problems." As for the reasons for the contradiction between authentic authoritative works, Abelard said that this involves people's different understanding of language and the fuzziness of the language used in The Godfather. Ambiguity in language and the resulting misunderstanding are inevitable:

The same word can have different meanings, sometimes used as one meaning and sometimes used as another. A meaning can be expressed in many words. This situation and abnormal expression seriously hinder us from gaining full understanding. As people say, repetition is the mother of boredom, that is, it can cause severe disgust. Therefore, it is best to express everything in various words.

Dialectics is a logical tool that needs to be examined whether it is to verify the authenticity of a work or to eliminate the ambiguity of language. Using dialectics to ask questions in the form of argumentation is the first step to understand godfather's works.

Conservative anti-dialectic theologians oppose faith and reason, and Abelard said:

If they think that learning a skill is a weapon against faith, then they undoubtedly refuse to admit any knowledge. Because knowledge is the grasp of the truth of things, ... truth does not oppose truth. Truth will not oppose truth as mistakes are used to oppose mistakes, and good will not oppose good as evil is used to oppose evil; All beautiful things are in harmony. All knowledge is good.

"Truth will not oppose truth" is a slogan used to reconcile dialectics, belief, philosophy and theology, which is in sharp contrast with Damian's slogan "Philosophy is the handmaid of theology".