Confucianism:
The core content of Confucius' political thought is "courtesy" and "benevolence". In the general plan of governing the country, he advocated "governing the country by virtue", which is the noblest way to govern the country. This strategy applies morality and politeness to the people, tightens the hierarchy, and completely divides nobles and civilians into ruled and ruled. Broke the original important boundary between nobles and civilians.
Taoism:
The main category of Laozi's thought is "Tao", which is an initial state of chaos. It is the beginning of heaven and earth, the mother of all things and the root of all things.
Tao is often nameless, inaction and inaction. Like water, it is the highest good not to compete with everything for profit, but to overcome the strong with the weak. Tao is unspeakable, and human senses cannot directly perceive, see, hear and hold it. Tao is not only the noumenon of the universe, but also the law of all things and the criterion of life.
Mohist school:
An important school in the Warring States Period was founded by Mo Zhai.
The theoretical basis of this school is "mutual love and mutual benefit": treat others as yourself; Love is to love others as yourself. The purpose of "mutual benefit" can only be achieved by "blind date in the world" Politically, he advocated respecting sages and Shang Tong without attacking; Economically, it advocates vigorously saving costs; Put forward the idea of respecting heaven and ghosts. At the same time, he also put forward the idea of "non-destiny", emphasizing self-reliance
Mohism has a strict organization, and most of its members come from the lower classes. According to legend, everyone can get rid of fire and knife to motivate themselves. His disciples engaged in debate, which is called "Mo Debate"; Those who engage in martial arts are called "Moxia"; The leader called it a "giant". Its discipline is strict, it is said that "the law of ink, the murderer dies, and the injured person is punished."
eclecticism
In his early years, Lv Buwei did business in Yangzhai, helping proton expatriates of Qin to return to China and acceded to the throne. Become the king of Qin Zhuang Xiang, worship as the prime minister, seal a letter, and eat 100 thousand households in Luoyang, Henan Province. Send troops to attack next week, Zhao and Wei, and set up Sanchuan County, Taiyuan County and Dongjun County respectively, which made great contributions to the cause of Ying Zheng, king of Qin, annexing the six countries.
After the death of King Zhuang Xiang, he welcomed Prince Ying Zheng to the throne, worshipped him as the prime minister, and respected him as the "Guanzhong", ruling the world. Influenced by the rebellion of Lao Ai Group, he went home, and the whole family was exiled to Shu County, drinking zhenniao on the way.
Extended data:
1. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the achievements of various schools of thought and scholarship complemented the ancient Greek civilization at the same time; The three philosophical systems represented by Confucius, Laozi and Mozi have formed a prosperous situation in which a hundred schools of thought contend. After several twists and turns, Confucianism, represented by Confucius and Mencius, was fully superior in the Song Dynasty. At the same time, it also affects other ethnic minorities to varying degrees, even countries adjacent to China.
2. People in various schools lobby around for some social problems, promote their own political opinions or write books. People's thoughts are unprecedentedly active, which has formed unprecedented prosperity in China's cultural history. The academic views of a hundred schools of thought contend are reflected in their literary works, forming different academic and literary schools.
3. Philosophers are because the basic purpose of their family is to provide political strategies for the monarch. Confucianism advocates reforming the people with morality; Taoism advocates governing by doing nothing; Legalists advocate that credit must be punished; Mohism advocates universal love for Shang Tong; Famous scholars advocate respecting soldiers and restraining generals. After the Han Dynasty, Mohism and famous scholars became juexue, farmers became a technical discipline independently, and Yin and Yang schools evolved into metaphysics.
Baidu encyclopedia-a hundred schools of thought contend