1At 0: 00 on July, 1997, the regional flags of National Flag of the People's Republic of China and Hong Kong Special Administrative Region were raised in Hong Kong. After a hundred years of vicissitudes, Hong Kong has returned to the embrace of the motherland, and the China government has resumed the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong.
At 0: 04 on July 0, China president Jiang Zemin solemnly announced here that according to the Sino-British Joint Statement on Hong Kong, the two governments held the handover ceremony of Hong Kong as scheduled, announcing that China would resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong.
People's Republic of China (PRC) SAR was formally established. After a hundred years of vicissitudes, Hong Kong's return to the motherland marks that Hong Kong compatriots have since become the real masters of this land of the motherland, and the development of Hong Kong has since entered a brand-new era.
The handover ceremony between the Chinese and British governments in Hong Kong was held at midnight on June 30th. At 23: 42, the handover ceremony officially began.
After the return of Hong Kong, the China government will unswervingly implement the basic principles of "one country, two systems", "Hong Kong people ruling Hong Kong" and a high degree of autonomy, and keep Hong Kong's original social and economic systems and way of life unchanged, and its laws basically unchanged.
After the return of Hong Kong, the Central People's Government is responsible for Hong Kong's foreign affairs and defense. According to the Basic Law, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region enjoys executive, legislative and independent judicial power, including that of final adjudication.
Hong Kong residents enjoy various rights and freedoms according to law. The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region will gradually develop a democratic system suited to Hong Kong's actual situation.
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Deng Xiaoping's great wisdom in handling the return of Hong Kong.
During the revolutionary war years, Deng Xiaoping set foot in Hongkong five times. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the historical responsibility of handling the return of Hong Kong fell to Deng Xiaoping.
With the wisdom of great men, he put forward the basic policy of Hong Kong's return to "one country, two systems", held difficult negotiations with Margaret Thatcher on the sovereignty of Hong Kong, insisted on stationing troops in Hong Kong, and presided over the completion of the Basic Law of the People's Republic of China (PRC) Special Administrative Region.
1 July 19971day, Hong Kong returned to the embrace of the motherland smoothly. Deng Xiaoping is closely related to the return of Hong Kong to the motherland.
Deng Xiaoping met with British dignitaries for this purpose. 1On March 29th, 979, he first met with Hong Kong Governor MacLehose, and later met with former British Prime Minister Heath, British Foreign Secretary Geoffrey Hervey and British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, and meeting with Margaret Thatcher was the highlight of the negotiations on the return of Hong Kong.
This famous politician in Britain, Europe and even the world, although a woman, was called the "Iron Lady" by the media in the former Soviet Union because of her firm opposition to capitalism. She advocates strong diplomacy in diplomacy, so the title of "Iron Lady" is worthy of the name.
1in April 1982, the Argentine army launched a surprise attack and took away the Malvinas Islands (hereinafter referred to as Falklands), where the British garrison was weak. At that time, the British ruling and opposition parties, including the military, were shocked that the Falklands, thousands of kilometers away, could not be restored. Only Margaret Thatcher, who has never been a soldier, insists on defending national sovereignty and interests at all costs.
In the end, the British army traveled more than 20 thousand kilometers and crossed the South Atlantic. From April 2 to June 14, the Argentine army was defeated and the island was recovered. Therefore, in the future disputes between Britain and Arab countries, Britain has always occupied a strong position. The Falklands War made Margaret Thatcher famous and made her more arrogant.
On September 22, Margaret Thatcher came to Beijing with the pride of victory in the Falklands War, thinking that as long as the means were tough, the settlement of the Hong Kong issue would be like Falklands.
His adviser Youde and others are a little worried about this. With their knowledge of Deng Xiaoping, it is unrealistic to equate Hong Kong with Falklands. As experts, they did a lot of homework before they came to China, and they knew very well that the top-level dialogue between China and Britain was not with others, but with Deng Xiaoping, the legendary "three ups and downs" in China politics.
They know that Deng Xiaoping also has a nickname: "Iron and Steel Company", which was given by Mao Zedong, and Mao Zedong called him "the softness of China, the steel in cotton and the needle in cotton". It's a little more comfortable outside, and there is a steel company inside. "
Before Margaret Thatcher came to Beijing, Premier China the State Council told Hong Kong reporters that China would of course recover its sovereignty, and the transfer of sovereignty would not affect the prosperity and stability of Hong Kong. Margaret Thatcher made a wrong judgment on this most essential issue, and did not care about the principles and positions of the China administration on the issue of national sovereignty.
Youde reminded Margaret Thatcher of the information about sovereignty revealed by the China government to the Hong Kong media, but she didn't pay attention to this important information at all, and still insisted on the view that "the three treaties about Hong Kong are still valid internationally" in response to the China administration's position on Hong Kong sovereignty.
By contrast, Deng Xiaoping knew Margaret Thatcher very well before. Before the talks, he said to the staff around him: "Hong Kong is not Malvinas, and China is not Argentine."
At 9 am on September 24th, Deng Xiaoping met with Margaret Thatcher in Fujian Hall of the Great Hall of the People. Margaret Thatcher said, "I am very happy to meet you when I visit China as the current British Prime Minister."
Deng Xiaoping took a sip of his mouth and smiled and replied, "Yes, I have known several British prime ministers, but everyone I know has stepped down. You are welcome to come! "
The chat in a friendly atmosphere ended, the reporter was asked to leave, and the conversation turned to the topic. At the beginning of the talks, Margaret Thatcher put forward the idea that "the three Hong Kong treaties are still valid". Obviously, this is a blatant challenge to China's exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong.
Deng Xiaoping was unmoved and responded clearly: "Our basic position on the Hong Kong issue is clear. There are three main problems here. Sovereignty issues; Another question is how China will manage Hong Kong after 1997 and continue to maintain its prosperity.
The third issue is that the Chinese and British governments should properly discuss how to avoid major fluctuations in Hong Kong in the fifteen years from now to 1997. "
Next, Deng Xiaoping answered three questions one by one. He stressed: "On the issue of sovereignty, China has no room for manoeuvre on this issue. Frankly speaking, the issue of sovereignty is not an issue that can be discussed. "
He also said: "If China does not recover Hong Kong in 1997, that is, 48 years after the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), no China leader or government will be able to explain to the people of China or even to the people of the world.
If we don't take it back, it means that the China government is in the late Qing Dynasty and the leader of China is Li Hongzhang. "If we don't get it back," the people have no reason to trust us. Any government in China should withdraw from the political arena and have no choice. "
Baidu Encyclopedia-Return of Hong Kong