Some short stories about five tyrants and four assassins in the Spring and Autumn Period

Five overlords

Spring and Autumn Period (770- 476 BC)

During the Spring and Autumn Period, it began with "Pingdong Shift". His name comes from Lu Chunqiu. It is a period of rapid social and economic changes, complicated political situation, endless military struggles and colorful academic culture in the history of China, and it is also a transitional period in which China's ancient civilization gradually evolved into medieval civilization.

770 years ago, he was forced to give up "Haojiang" and rely on the strength of princes such as Jin and Zheng to move the capital to "Luoyi". From then on, the royal family began to weaken, and the era when Zhou ordered the world was gone forever. Feudal hegemony, annexation by foreign powers, doctor dictatorship, and foreign struggle came to power.

In the early years of the Spring and Autumn Period, there were more than 170 vassal states, but their deeds of alliance and conquest were obvious, including Qi, Jin, Chu, Qin, Lu, Song, Wei, Yan, Chen, Cao, Cai, Zheng, Wu and Yue.

After Pingdong moved eastward, some vassal States developed after a long period of rest, but the royal forces gradually declined and gradually lost their ability to control the vassal States. The powerful princes no longer obey the Zhou royal family. Some of them invaded Zhou's land, while others attacked other vassal States. In the 12th year of King Huan of Zhou (708 BC), King Huan of Zhou led troops to fight against the unruly State of Zheng. Zheng Bo not only dared to lead the troops to resist, but also defeated Julian Waghann and hit Zhou Wang on the shoulder with an arrow. This shows that the status of the king of Zhou at this time has been seriously reduced, but he still retains the name of the Lord of the world. Confucius compiled the history from Lu Yinnian (722 BC) to the fourteenth year of Lu Aigong (4865438 BC+0 BC) into a historical book, Spring and Autumn Annals, which was later called Spring and Autumn Annals.

In the Spring and Autumn Period, there were 128 princes' names in the history books, but there were more than a dozen important ones. There are Qi and Lu in Shandong today, Wei, Song, Zheng, Chen and Cai in Henan today, Jin in Shanxi today, Yan in Beijing and surrounding areas today, Qin in Shaanxi today, Chu in Henan and southern Anhui today, Wu in central and southern Jiangsu today, and Yue in Zhejiang today. With their strength, these relatively large vassal States used war to expand their territory, forcing the weak countries to obey his orders and compete with each other, thus forming a situation in which the vassals competed for hegemony. Ba, also written as Bo, means the oldest in Wang Zizhong.

Qi Huangong was the first master. Qi was a vassal state of Lu Shang and Tai Gong. Later emperors devoted themselves to rectifying politics, giving full play to the advantages of coastal fish and salt, advocating home textile industry, developing commerce and handicrafts, and gradually developing their national strength. After Qi Huangong (reigned from 685 to 643) succeeded to the throne, he took Guan Zhong as the prime minister, reorganized the state administration, abolished the public land system, determined taxes according to the fertility of the land, set up salt, iron officials and coins, increased fiscal revenue, incorporated soldiers into agriculture, and merged grass-roots administrative organizations with military organizations into one, thus increasing the source of soldiers and fighting capacity, and quickly became the most prosperous country in China. Then the slogan of "respecting the king and rejecting foreign countries" was played. Many times, the governors were called to help or interfere in other countries and fight against the invasion of the righteous emperor. Finally, they became the overlord in the third year of King Zhou Nuo (679 BC). In the twenty-first year of King Hui of Zhou (656 BC), Qi Huangong led the allied forces of eight vassal states, forcing Chu to submit to him with superior forces, and concluded the alliance of Zhaoling (now Yancheng, Henan), which reached its peak.

After Qi Huangong's death, there was a civil strife in Qi State for monarchical power, which weakened the strength of Qi State. Chu took the opportunity to develop its power, destroyed several small countries in the north of it, and pointed the finger at the Central Plains. Song Xianggong (reigned 650-637 years ago) tried to become the overlord of the Central Plains with the call of resisting the Chu people's invasion to the north. However, in terms of national strength and performance, Song Xianggong is not enough to occupy a dominant position. In the fifteenth year of King Xiang of Zhou (638 BC), the armies of Chu and Song met in the flood and suffered a heavy defeat. Even Song Xianggong was shot in the leg and died soon.

Just as Chu dominated the Central Plains, the Western State of Jin developed. Jin Wengong Zhong Er (reigned from 636 to 628) was exiled for "rebellion against Li Ji" 19 years. That is, after he acceded to the throne, he reformed politics, developed economy, reorganized the army, gained the trust of the people, stabilized the royal family, and was friendly to Qin, and gained high prestige among the princes. In the twentieth year of King Xiang of Zhou (633 BC), the Chu army surrounded Shangqiu, the capital of the Song State. At the beginning of the following year, Jin Wengong led his army to save the Song Dynasty, defeated the Chu army in Chengpu and became the overlord.

After his death, he sought to develop eastward and was blocked by Jin. In World War I, Qin Jun was completely annihilated and turned westward, annexing some Rongdi tribes and dominating Xirong.

After the Chengpu War, Chu developed eastward, destroying many small countries, reaching Yunnan in the south and the Yellow River in the north, and its economy and culture developed. Chu Zhuangwang (before 6 13 -59 1 in office) reformed internal affairs, put down riots, built water conservancy projects, and gradually gained national strength. He even asked King Zhou Ding's special envoy about the size of Zhou Ding. In the tenth year of Zhou Ding (597 BC), Chu and Jin fought in Zhai (now southeast of Wuzhi, Henan) and won a great victory. Before long, Jin people were afraid to save the Song Dynasty, so small countries in the Central Plains took refuge in Chu, and Chu people dominated the Central Plains.

The continuous war has brought great disasters to the people and caused the boredom of small and medium-sized countries. In addition, the two big countries in Chu Jin are evenly matched, and neither can eat the other. So initiated by the Song Dynasty, two appeasement alliances were held in the seventh year (579 BC) and the twenty-sixth year (546 BC) of Zhou Jianwang. Since then, wars have been greatly reduced.

The hegemony of the former governors came to an end, and wuyue, located in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, began to develop. In the 14th year of the Zhou Dynasty (506 BC), He Lv, the king of Wu, took Wu Yuan (Wu Zixu) as the general and attacked Chu and the capital of Chu. Twenty-four years ago (496 BC), Zhou led a expedition to the south. Gou Jian, the king of Yue, led troops to fight. The doctor of Yue hit He Lv, and He Lv died of serious injuries. In the 26th year of the week (494 BC), Fu Cha, the king of Wu, avenged his father and defeated Yue. Gou Jian, the King of Yue, made peace and gave it to the precious beauty stone of the King of Wu, who personally led the horse as Fu Cha. Wu Wang's Northern Expedition defeated the Qi army and became a bully. Gou Jian, the King of Yue, lived together for ten years and finally destroyed Wu for three years (473 BC). Focha committed suicide in shame. Gou Jian went north and joined forces with Qi Jin in Xu, becoming the last overlord.

According to historical records, during the Spring and Autumn Period of 242 years, 36 monarchs were killed, 52 vassal states were destroyed, more than 480 wars were fought, and princes were invited to form alliances for more than 450 times.

There were five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period, which was called "Five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period" in history.

Zheng Zhuanggong, Qi Huangong, Song Xianggong, Qin Mugong, Jin Wengong, Chu Zhuangwang, King Wu and King Yue.

Five overlords

Dominate the whole country

Entrepreneurial overlord

final

Time (year)

Qi state

Jiang,

Qian 720- Qian 750

Jin state

Jin Wengong Ji Chonger