183 1 In the summer of, Darwin, as a naturalist without any reward, took part in a five-year expedition around the world with the British navy expedition ship Beagle. What Henslow saw and heard had an important influence on the formation of his biological evolution thought and natural selection theory. The book Origin of Species was published in 1859, which proved the universality of biological variation and the relationship between variation and heredity with a large number of facts, put forward the theory of survival competition and natural selection, and systematically discussed the mechanism of species formation. The publication of this book marked the formation of modern biological evolution theory and triggered the most important scientific revolution in modern times, so Darwin was called the founder of biological evolution theory.
Alfred russel wallace (1823- 19 13) is as famous as Darwin, the first discoverer of evolution.
The origin of evolutionists (1823- 1848)
Alfred russel wallace, a British naturalist, evolutionist, geographer, anthropologist, social critic and theorist, was born in Usk, Gwyneth County, 1 1823 1 8. (Wallace was born in Monmouth a long time ago) He is the third and eighth of the four sons of Thomas Will Wallace and Marian grinnell. They are a humble middle-class English couple. Old Wallace landed in Scotland; It is said that grinnell is a relatively insignificant and respected British family who has lived in this area for generations. Thomas Wallace received legal training (and was actually sworn in as an agent in 1792) but never practiced. His income came from his fixed leisure life and his hereditary property for the first fifteen years of adulthood. However, his marriage to 1807 soon changed, and he was forced to become the first of a series of relatively unsuccessful adventures, including publishing literary magazines.
Young Alfred had a happy childhood, but sometimes it was difficult for him to lack money. Four of his five sisters will not live past the age of 22, and Wallace himself is not always in the best state of health. He found that his Chinese primary school in Hertford was boring, but he secretly participated in many good books for the time being. His father worked as a librarian in town for several years. About 1835 Old Wallace was cheated of the rest of his property, and his family was really bitter; Little Wallace was forced to drop out of school around Christmas and was sent to London to stay with his brother John. The experience in the next few months is crucial to his future intellectual development. There, he first came into contact with the supporters of utopian socialist robert owen. He recalled in his autobiography "My Life" that he even heard Owen say it himself; As a disciple, he will describe himself from his point of view.
In the late period of 1885, Wallace was invited to give a series of lectures on Darwinism at Lowell College in Massachusetts. Once this obligation is fulfilled, he is free to arrange his other speeches. During the last six months of 1886 and the first six months of 1887, he mainly stayed in Boston, new york and Washington, D.C., where he met countless people, up to and including President Cleveland. In early April, 1887, he announced that he would arrive in California in late May. He was reunited with his brother at John's house. They haven't seen each other for nearly 40 years. He was on vacation and gave a speech for several weeks. One of his speeches was about the theory of evocation, which was defined as' If a person dies, won't he live again?' (S398)-Perhaps he has given the most successful speech to singles.