In the autumn of the Soviet Union, the muddy roads brought great difficulties to the German motorized troops. After the "Blitzkrieg" plan went bankrupt, the Germans were forced to shorten the front line in an attempt to concentrate their forces and quickly capture Moscow. Moscow is the capital of the Soviet Union, the national political, economic, military and cultural center, and also the railway transportation hub, which has extremely important strategic significance. Hitler believed that once he captured Moscow, he could defeat the Soviet main force and achieve the goal of ending the war against the Soviet Union.
On September 30th, the Germans launched a large-scale attack on Moscow, code-named "Typhoon", in an attempt to capture Moscow within ten days.
The Germans invested 74 and a half divisions,1800,000 men, 1700 tanks, 1390 planes and14,000 guns and mortars. The Germans concentrated the most elite troops. The Soviet army has 95 divisions,1250,000 men, 990 tanks, 677 planes, 7,600 cannons and mortars. Hitler threatened to review his fascist troops in Moscow's Red Square. 654381October 2, the Germans broke through the Soviet defense line from the middle road. 10 Within two weeks, the German Central Army Group completed three big encirclement, two near Bryansk and the other west of Vyazma. In these three encirclement and suppression campaigns, the Germans captured 663,000 Russian troops. Faced with this critical juncture, the Soviet army quickly organized a defense line in Mozisk, about 80 kilometers west of Moscow, to stop the Germans from advancing.
10 June10, Stalin appointed general zhukov as commander of the western front and reserve forces. Zhukov quickly rebuilt four army groups to defend Mozisk. In mid-June, 5438+10, fierce battles were launched in various important sections from north, west and Nantong to Moscow. 10 On June 55438+05, some institutions of the Soviet government and foreign envoys moved to kuibyshev. Stalin stayed in Moscow and personally commanded the defense. On June 10, the National Defense Commission declared martial law in Moscow and called on the people in the capital to defend Moscow to the death. Within three days, the city organized 25 workers' camps,120,000 militia divisions and 169 street fighting groups. 450,000 people participated in the construction of fortifications, three quarters of whom were women. With the support of the capital and the national army and civilians, the frontline soldiers and civilians fought bravely against the enemy and fought bloody battles.
By the end of 10, the Germans were blocked to the west of Kalinin-Turchino-Wolocramsk-Dolohovo-Naro-Ferminsk-Sherpukhov-Aleksin. Hitler's plan to occupy Moscow in June+10 in 5438 went bankrupt.
194 1 year165438+1October 7th, while the Soviets bravely defended Moscow, a military parade was still held in Red Square. Stalin made an inspiring speech to the national army and civilians: "Our cause is just, and victory must belong to us!"
165438+1October15th, the Germans launched the second crazy attack on Moscow. 165438+1On October 23rd, the Germans occupied Kline, and on the 27th, they occupied Istrad, only 24km away from Moscow. Moscow is within the range of German artillery, and German military telescopes can almost see the top of the Kremlin. At this critical juncture, Moscow soldiers and civilians will defend the capital to the death. The Soviet 3 16 Infantry Division (later renamed panfilov 8th Guards Division) showed the fearless revolutionary heroism of the Soviet army. It continued to fight for 4 hours on the main road of Bo Du Shekovo, which blocked German tanks from leading to Moscow, and destroyed 18 enemy tanks to defend Moscow. From 165438+1October16 to 65438+February 5, the Germans lost155,000 soldiers and 777 tanks, while Moscow remained motionless.
65438+At the beginning of February, the temperature in Moscow had dropped to minus 20-30 degrees, the German army had no cotton-padded clothes, the motors of planes and tanks could not be started, and the optical speculum on tanks lost its function. Soviets who are used to living in cold areas wear cotton-padded clothes, leather boots and winter hats to protect their ears. Only Britain and the United States delivered1500,000 pairs of military boots and10.05 million tons of boots to the Soviet Union according to the Moscow Protocol. Then seven million pairs of military boots arrived. On February 6, 65438, the Soviets launched a big counterattack from the south and north of Moscow. At the beginning of 1942, the Soviets defeated the Germans who attacked Moscow, killed168,000 people and drove the Germans out of Moscow 100 to 250 kilometers, thus winning the battle to defend Moscow. In the winter campaign of 194 1, the Germans were defeated by 50 divisions, with more than 830,000 casualties.
The defeat of the Germans in the battle of Moscow marked the complete bankruptcy of Hitler's Blitzkrieg. This was the first big defeat of the Germans in World War II. The victory of the Soviet army greatly inspired the confidence of the Soviet people and people all over the world in the victory of the anti-fascist war.
Sina military