Old friends meet, and new wealth is blackheaded today.

Peach-leaf willow flower dawn city, spring island shoots bamboo shoots.

You know, Wen Jian is going to leave his job, and the drinker's house will be empty.

The world is changing more and more, and the source of the soul cannot be invaded by a dust.

Youth has no business during the day, and purple swallows and orioles have good voices.

Give it to your children and grandchildren and teach them to fly.

Huang Gong once knew its taste, so he must have left Zen and entered Shaolin.

For these two poems, see Rong Shi's Notes on Poems in the Valley. That year was the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), when Tingzhang was thirty-five years old and was a professor of imperial academy in Beijing (now a famous name in Hebei). Gai and Guo are two doctors whose names are unknown; The original note called Guo "",older than Huang. It has been twelve years since Zongshen's "Xining Reform", and Ouyang Xiu and Su Shi have been relegated to the world. There are also contradictions and struggles within the new party. Wang Anshi went on strike twice, and Lv Huiqing took the place. The same is true of Lu at this time, and Cai is really involved in politics. Huang Tingjian, known as Su Shi, is dissatisfied with the New Party, and this feeling is fully revealed in his poems.

The first couplet is about the life experiences of Gai and Guo. The "official career storm" shows the author's dissatisfaction with political affairs and official career, and "double white hair" means that they are old, suggesting that both of them are suitable for retirement from the perspective of official career and age; In Idle Cao Xiaoao, two people are frustrated and their positions are idle, so they can only "the legendary swordsman" and "two poems flow", which means that they can write poems, not vulgar officials, suggesting that from the perspective of life and character, they should also be dismissed from office. Compound sentence, from two people to the author and their relationship, is flexible and powerful. "Old friends", friendship is not shallow; "Green Eyes", using Ruan Wei's records as the story of green eyes, means that they value themselves. Don't lengthen the sentence, from a threesome to an official, it's time to show it. "nouveau riche" mainly refers to the lucky ones in the eyes of the new party and the author; "More blackheads" means being young. In Shi Shuo Xin Yu Jian, Wang Dao said that Zhuge Hui was a "black-headed man" and was a compliment; Si Kongtu's "New Year's Eve to * * *": "Wuwen sells Danzao fire lightly, and the market is more expensive than blackheads." Du Fu's Night Tour Slogan: "I am far from being ashamed of General Liang Jiang, but I still have a black head at home." Is an ironic remark; The yellow sentence means irony. Wang Anshi's political reform has the ideal of progress, but there are also many shortcomings in the implementation process. There are indeed many speculators in the new party, and even Wang Anshi himself has been slandered and attacked by them. Therefore, Huang Tingjian satirized that the New Party was not conservative. The neckline suddenly became a scene. Write a sentence about the loveliness of "peach leaves and willow flowers" in "Little Poetry". The word "Ming" in the sentence is used as a verb, emphasizing that peaches and willows are fresh and beautiful, and can clearly reflect "small poems"; "Spring Island" in the sentence "Spring Island" has also grown into a market, which is not only impressive, but also delicious. These two sentences seem to be taken out of context and isolated; In fact, it is to use the cuteness of wild scenery to contrast the terrible "official road storm" above and turn it into a "dismissal" below. It's tight, but the meaning is not revealed. It looks like a jump. Jielian: "I will know that Wen Jian will leave the office and the drinker's home will be free." Wen Jian seems to be the spoken language of the Tang Dynasty, which means "taking advantage of life" and "taking advantage". It is often used in Bai Juyi's poems, such as "Wen Jian is idle" and "Wen Jian goes out in the morning". The sentence says that leaving your post as soon as possible and living in the "home of drinkers" can not only enjoy the natural scenery, but also get rid of the "freedom" of being an official; According to the original note, Guo Langzhong often wears "golden wild clothes and has a pro-party meal, which is quite worth remonstrating." Therefore, the issue of "freedom" is emphasized. This couplet is a couplet, far from being a poem, and its writing style is slightly relaxed compared with the previous couplet.

In the second couplet, the sentence "the world is changing" is used as an emotional expression to further state the reasons for the resignation of officials. "The world" mainly refers to the above-mentioned "official unrest" and "upstart blackheads". The antithesis of "the heart is not invaded by a dust" inherits the previous works of "laughing proudly", "poetic flow" and "freedom" and encourages Gai and Guo to improve their mood. Keep the soul noble and clean, and stay away from worldly dust, which means that Buddhist scriptures are "deep and clear from the heart to the Buddha" and Zen says "where there is nothing, there is dust". The antithetical couplets suddenly changed from discussing to writing scenery, jumping abruptly, just like the necklace of the previous song. It means "no official business". Let's really enjoy the fun of "Youth Day" and hear the "good voice" of "Yan Zi Huang Li". The beauty is that we don't say "only", but only write about the scenery, which makes people realize that this is the pleasure of resigning. This couplet is lyrical with scenery as well as scenery. Fang Hui's Ying Lv Kui Sui commented on this couplet as a "variant"; Ji Yun criticized: "This syntax is often used, and it is also a cliche. Five or six sentences are right. " In fact, Huang did not abuse this syntax, and Ji criticized it too severely, as if it did not profoundly reflect its role. Neck chain: "Give it to your children and grandchildren and teach them to fly." Put forward the attitude that Gai and Guo should adopt after abdication: the changes in summer, the "dog days" heat and the cold in winter, as well as the sacrificial ceremonies such as "sacrifice" and "La Worship", you don't have to worry about it, so that your descendants can care; The "fish and birds" in the sky and the "ups and downs" at the bottom of the water can also be heard, so don't cause daydreams. Quoting the Biography of the Southern History of Emperor Liang Yuan and the Scholars, Fang, the eldest son of Emperor Liang Yuan, once wrote: "I am not as good as a fish and bird, so the fish and bird fly and let it be my ambition; My advance and retreat are always under control. " But admiring the freedom of fish and birds seems to only explain the source of the words, but not the intention in the poem. Ji Yun said that this couplet is better than the last one. In fact, on the contrary, this couplet is directly inferred, and it is not as subtle and beautiful as the last couplet. Jielian: "Huang Gong once knew its taste, so he must have escaped from Zen and entered Shaolin." It is said that the beggar gang and Guo have tasted the taste of the world and should have the idea of fleeing to Buddhism. Shi Shuo Xin Yu: "Wang Zhuochong (Rong) passed by Huang Gong (an old man selling wine) in a chariot, and Gu said that the passengers behind him:' Ruan Sizong (born and raised) and Ji Shu (Kang) * * * had a drink here. "Escape from Zen, this refers to the precept of avoiding Buddhism. For example, Du Fu's" Song of Drinking Eight Immortals "said:" Before Su Jin embroidered Buddha, he often loved to escape from Zen while drunk. " Even the following "entering Shaolin" here means, in turn, returning to the Buddha. Shaolin, using the story of Dharma, the founder of famous Buddhism, participating in meditation on the side wall of Shaolin Temple in Songshan, Henan Province. The word "taste" in the middle does not mean that Gai and Guo fled Zen because they knew the taste of wine. It means that they have experienced the vicissitudes of life and made friends, that is, they have tasted the nostalgic taste of "Miao (far away) is like a mountain and river" in Shi Shuo Xin Yu, so they will see through the vulgar feelings and have Zen thoughts. If the old words are used in reverse, the deep feelings contained in them can be expressed through a layer of meaning. The neck of this poem is a little loose, and the other six sentences are solid and concise.

In these two poems, the first six sentences are antithetical sentences, which are neat and flexible in narrative, scenery description and reasoning; The transformation, extension and jumping between sentences and couplets show the hovering straight pen of Huang's poems; The word "Zi" and "Duo" in the first pair of couplets and the word "Ju" in the second pair of necklaces all use awkward words, which makes the gorgeous sentences look awkward again. Being good at talking about Buddhism and trying to understand it: all these show the characteristics of Huang's poems.