From the ancient "wall poems" to the "posters" in memory, to the ubiquitous wall advertisements nowadays, from scenic spots and historic sites to parks, squares and ordinary houses, China people are keen to leave their marks anywhere. Is it tradition or bad public behavior? More and more people began to reflect and criticize.
How did the phenomenon of "visiting here" come about? How did it evolve into the conscious or unconscious behavior of countless people? What should be the code of conduct in public places?
In this regard, Peng Lin, a professor at Tsinghua University, said: "The act of visiting here is caused by the lack of public manners. We must make great determination to govern, form a public opinion atmosphere and environment, make the inscription feel ashamed, and finally change this bad atmosphere and behavior. "
"The more rogue, the more I want to be immortal."
Beijing Morning Post: Nowadays, the act of engraving "So-and-so comes here to visit" on places of interest, scenic spots and even ordinary public places is causing more and more public thinking and discussion. How to treat this phenomenon?
Peng Lin: This reminds me of a sentence by Lu Xun, "The more scoundrel you are, the more you want to be immortal." In fact, carving your name in public places and writing "So-and-so is here" is nothing more than wanting to leave a name. Really educated people don't do this.
What do you mean by writing your name? Only those who really contribute to society and nation can leave their own names. And this name is engraved on the wall, engraved on cultural relics, engraved on historical sites, originally intended to be
Leave your own mark here. If you want to be immortal or immortal, the result can only be immortality. Cultural relics and historical sites are all here. When people visit here in the future and see the inscription "So-and-so is here", do you really think it was carved?
Is it great that people are heroes?
Beijing Morning Post: So, what do you think should be done about this behavior?
Peng Lin: Actually, I think it can be strictly investigated. Anyone who is found to have scribbled his name should have a corresponding punishment system, and the punishment should be strong. Instead of criticizing it in public opinion as it is now, because the problem is not.
Whether damage is caused depends on the nature of the act. Needless to say, lettering, even if written in chalk, can be erased and should not appear. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the determination of governance and form a public opinion environment so that lettering can be discredited.
Crow people are ashamed of this, and this is the only way to change this phenomenon.
Peng Lin: Don't let etiquette become mummified.
From ancient times to modern times, from classical literature to real life, it seems to be a natural behavior to write down your feelings and names on the wall, but today, this behavior is being tested by morality. Is the phenomenon of "visiting here" the result of tradition or the expression of the rules of public life?
Peng Lin, a professor at Tsinghua University, said: "Ancient poems are different from graffiti today. And in the traditional era, there are also very perfect etiquette norms. Today, people think that the ancients had no manners in public life.
Speaking of tradition, it seems backward, feudal and ridiculous. Every nation has its own manners, but barbarians don't. Today, the reconstruction of public etiquette should begin with national etiquette. Zaizheng
Popularize and rebuild etiquette and morality in a society. "
Poetry is different from "a visit here"
Beijing Morning Post: Some people think that China people have a traditional habit of writing poems and inscriptions. Does this have anything to do with the behavior of "visiting here" today?
Peng Lin: This is obviously a misunderstanding. The ancients often wrote poems on the walls, and there were countless stone inscriptions in places of interest, but it was different from the phenomenon that "people have been here" everywhere now. The ancients wrote poems or inscriptions.
Whether it is a stone carving or not, it is a literary work first. Their function is to add color to landscapes and historical sites. It is a kind of cultural landscape and humanistic landscape. For example, Mount Tai, with many stone carvings and poems on it, is itself a landscape.
Part of the scenery adds a different kind of scenery to the scenic spot. Imagine, without these historical and humanistic landscapes, as a cultural scenic spot, its charm will be eclipsed a lot. Second, the ancients' understanding of characters
Culture, awe of the landscape itself, poetry is not to highlight themselves, but to highlight the landscape. We can see that many inscriptions do not leave the author's name, in order to express themselves.
Perception of landscape and culture, rather than leaving a name for yourself.
Beijing Morning Post: How should we distinguish ancient inscriptions from today's "visit here" behavior?
Peng Lin: Today's graffiti, especially the act of "visiting here", is immoral. Before visiting places of interest, not everyone could write poems in places of interest, and not everyone dared to do so.
You have to weigh before, whether the words are used properly, whether the words are beautiful, whether they will be laughed at by future generations after staying, and so on. People nowadays don't think about it, they just want to leave their names there. Think about it, if we get to Thailand.
Mountain, I found the handwriting left by the ancients everywhere on Mount Tai. These handwriting are not poetry articles, but "so-and-so here", and we don't know who these people are. What a bummer. What else is there?
What's the point? So what we remember is not whose name, but those poems and articles, which are the ancient people's understanding of landscape culture.
Traces of "Great Series Era"
Beijing Morning Post: In your opinion, how did this phenomenon of "leaving your name everywhere" come into being?
Peng Lin: I don't know when it came into being. I don't think there were any before liberation, and even if there were, there wouldn't be too many. When I feel more, it should be the "big series era", which was many years ago.
Young people leave their hometown and go to all parts of the country. For example, when they come to Beijing to see the Great Wall, the Forbidden City and other places of interest, they will have a sense of accomplishment and pride, so naturally they want to leave their names to prove that they have been here. this
It is conceivable that it was a very difficult thing for most people to go out for a long trip at that time. For example, my home is in Wuxi, which is close to Shanghai, but I have never been to Shanghai when I was a child, because my home is also.
Pity. In this case, the young people who participated in the series of activities went to all parts of the country, especially some prestigious places. That kind of surprise, pride and sense of accomplishment makes them want to leave their names there, the last one.
The behavior of "leaving a name" has become a common phenomenon.
Beijing Morning Post: Why has this phenomenon of "leaving a name" not changed so far?
Peng Lin: Since the opening up, people have gradually become rich, and more and more people have the ability and time to travel. Nowadays, tourism has become a very huge industry and a normal arrangement for many people's holidays. But in the front shape
The concept of success has not changed, but has spread everywhere and become more common. People's economic situation has improved and their wealth has increased, but their concepts have not changed, and etiquette and living rules in public places have not been cultivated.
Practice and edification may be the reason why the phenomenon of "visiting here" is still common.
Etiquette is not a slogan or slogan
Beijing Morning Post: Nowadays, the phenomenon of "visiting here" has aroused people's discussion on the rules of public life. What do you think of this?
Peng Lin: The norms and rules of public life, also known as public etiquette, are things that need education. Over the years, we have been calling for it, but I don't know why it hasn't become a social consciousness. Arrive now
Slogans are everywhere. For example, when you go to the airport, railway station or other public places, the big electronic screen usually says "Be a civilized Beijinger". It can be said that similar slogans and slogans are everywhere. But these are just stops.
Stay on the slogan and have not yet formed a standard code of conduct. True etiquette is not words or clauses appearing on electronic screens, televisions, newspapers and books in public places, but should be expressed in people.
And if etiquette can't be an instinct that people naturally follow, but just stays on the slogan, then etiquette actually dies and becomes a mummy.
Beijing Morning Post: There are many criticisms that "China tradition lacks norms of public life and etiquette". Is that really the case?
Peng Lin: This is definitely a misunderstanding. Now many people don't watch or listen. Speaking of tradition, they seem to think it is backward and feudal. Actually, no, every nation has its own etiquette, and national etiquette is this nation.
The embodiment of life experience and morality, the reconstruction of etiquette should start with national etiquette, rather than looking for foreign etiquette. In the traditional national etiquette in China, there are many things about public etiquette, and they are very rich.
Everyone, from family to society, has perfect etiquette norms. From the beginning of enlightenment, one should be educated in etiquette and norms. There are many descriptions of public etiquette, such as "long"
"Young first, then young" means that the elderly go first; Another example is "climbing the mountain without shouting", that is, climbing the wall without shouting; Another example is to educate people that things should not be misplaced, even a book should not be defiled.
National etiquette should be a course.
Beijing Morning Post: In your opinion, how should we rebuild the norms and rules of public life from the national interests?
Peng Lin: First of all, etiquette should be a course in the mainstream education system. Etiquette should start with education and cultivate people's behavior norms from an early age. For many years, we have been calling for the restoration of our own traditional national ceremonies.
Instrument, also made a lot of preparations, and even made teaching materials, but still can't compare with the influence of western etiquette. At present, various western etiquette courses are very popular, and some people even think that western etiquette should be added to the curriculum of primary and secondary schools.
At the same time, the society and the public do not recognize and understand our own national etiquette. Secondly, officials should first receive the education of etiquette and become an example of etiquette, which has cultural reference significance for ordinary people.
The role of the collar. Third, public figures should also have national etiquette, and their social influence and exemplary role have a great influence on the reconstruction of national etiquette.
Beijing Morning Post: Apart from the above, what other methods can make national etiquette accepted and followed by more people?
Peng Lin: This is a gradual process. I think the government should give some support to traditional etiquette, so that people can know more about it before they recognize it. take for example
In ancient times, there was a book called Yili, which was the most primitive classic of etiquette norms. We have been trying to make this book into a video material to educate people about traditional etiquette, but it has been difficult to get it.
If more organizations or individuals can support this matter, I think more people will devote themselves to the spread and education of traditional etiquette, and traditional etiquette will be recognized and followed by more people.
Professor, Doctoral Supervisor, Department of History, Tsinghua University Institute of Humanities, Director international confucian association, Visiting Researcher, Ancient Civilization Research Center, China Academy of Social Sciences. Mainly engaged in pre-Qin history, China's ancient academic thought and other historical philology.
The teaching and research of historical thinking pays special attention to the Confucian classic "Three Rites" (Zhou Li, Yi Li, Li Ji) and the study of ancient rites and music culture in China. He is the author of China Ancient Etiquette Civilization and China Ancient Etiquette.
On behalf of North Korea and China, a summary of traditional etiquette, a lecture on Confucian etiquette and music civilization, and a reader on traditional etiquette in China.