The Broadsword Club was founded in Zhuanghe, Liaoning Province in July and August on 1932, so it is also called Zhuanghe Broadsword Club. After the September 18th Incident, broadsword will become an important anti-Japanese force in Dongfang Road.
In addition, the broadsword club was one of the secret societies in Qing Dynasty. The common name "Golden Bell Hood", also known as "Renyihui", adopts An Baili Sect. Its members are mainly farmers, including urban and rural craftsmen, poor intellectuals and small traders. Members are distributed in Shandong, Henan, Shanxi, Anhui and Jiangsu provinces. There are two branches in the venue: entrance and exit.
Burning incense and chanting from the door, without moving a knife or gun; In addition to chanting, Kanmen also practiced martial arts with knives and guns, set up altars and taught his disciples. This is a religious and political group. Its political purpose is to "destroy the foreign countries" and it often struggles against the oppression of foreign church forces.
Create background
Around the 20th year of Guangxu (1894), due to the increasingly rampant influence of foreign churches, many poor farmers and craftsmen practiced for self-protection.
1896 (the 22nd year of Guangxu reign), Liu Shiduan and Cao Deli in Shanxian County, Shandong Province led the people of the Daoist Church to "punish Western religions", burned down the church in Liutoudi, severely cracked down on the church forces, and were active in the Jiangsu-Anhui border area of Lu Yu, with tens of thousands of people. In July, Liu Shiduan and Cao Deli were killed by the Qing army. Later, it gradually declined, and some of them were renamed Hongquan, Yihe and Hong Men, and continued to be active in Qilu area.
The original slogan of the broadsword club was "anti-Qing and regaining sight", but in the long-term evolution process, it gradually became a secret organization with the nature of civil self-defense, and its basic slogan was "self-defense". By the time of the Republic of China, the Broadsword Society had become a non-governmental self-defense organization against donations and bandits. The composition of members also changes with the times. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, most of them were "rich children" and some farmers, but poor middle peasants rarely participated.
In the Republic of China, its main component was farmers, but the leadership was mostly in the hands of local landlords and rich peasants. There are many factions within the broadsword club, and there are many contradictions. When confronted with major social changes or foreign invasion, broadsword will divide rapidly, and its positive and negative effects are quite different in different periods and factions.