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About biological DNA &;; English translation of RNA
Facts about DNA

About the elements of DNA

Shape: double helix-(twisted ladder)

Shape: double helix-(twisted step shape)

Number of shares: 2 shares

Number of shares: 2

Nitrogenous bases: A (adenine) T (thymine) G (guanine) C (cytosine)

Nitrogen group: A (adenine) T (thymine) G (guanine) (basic component of nucleic acid) C (cytosine)

Pentose: deoxyribose

Pentose (carbon chain is 5): deoxyribonucleic acid

How does nitrogenous bases match: A-T C-G

How to match the nitrogen group: A-T C-G

Function: Compose genes-store instructions for making protein (including enzymes that promote chemical reactions).

Function: protein (including digestive enzymes involved in chemical reactions) is composed of genes carrying genetic information.

Facts about RNA

On the elements of ribonucleic acid

Shapes: single helix and other shapes (many shapes)

Shape: single spiral and other shapes (multiple shapes)

Number of shares: 1

Number of shares: 1

Nitrogenous bases: Uracil

Nitrogen group: uracil

Pentose: ribose

Pentose: ribonucleic acid

How does nitrogenous bases match: A-U C-G

How to match nitrogen group: A-U C-G

Function: Carrying instructions from DNA to the place where protein is made and helping to make protein (carrying protein instructions from DNA)

DNA to ribosome)

Function: To extract genetic information from the DNA that produces protein, and assist in the production of protein (from DNA carrying genetic information of protein to sugar body of nucleic acid).

DNA replication

DNA reconstruction

DNA replication = A necessary part of interphase chromosome replication in preparation for mitosis and meiosis when DNA replicates itself accurately.

DNA reconstruction = accurate replication of DNA itself, which is a necessary link of chromosome reconstruction in preparation for mitosis and meiosis during cell division.

Steps of DNA replication: 1. Enzymes untie the double helix.

DNA reconstruction step: 1 enzyme decomposes the double helix in the opposite direction.

2. Because the enzyme breaks the bond between bases, the two DNA strands are separated or "pulled apart".

Because the enzyme breaks the chemical bond between nitrogen groups, the two DNA strands separate or "pull apart".

3. Free nucleotides in cytoplasm enter the nucleus, where they combine with bases on separate DNA strands.

Active nucleotides in the cytoplasm enter the nucleus, and their nitrogen groups on the single-stranded DNA helix recombine.

4. Two complete DNA molecules were formed.

4 the formation of two DNA molecules