Children are young, lack of safety knowledge and experience, poor ability to identify dangers and protect themselves, lively and active, curious and exploratory. They can't make a correct judgment on the dangerous things in their activities and can't foresee the consequences of their actions, so we need to educate our children to take good care of them at all times. The following is my sharing training aimed at the problems existing in kindergarten safety education and management. Welcome to read and browse.
First, the current kindergarten safety education and management problems:
1, the child's own reasons, the child's awareness of self-protection and safety precautions is poor.
Children, lacking safety knowledge and experience, have poor ability to identify dangers and protect themselves, are lively and active, curious and exploratory, and cannot make correct judgments about dangerous things in activities and foresee the consequences of their actions. For example, when children are running around, they don't know how to dodge other children who are running head-on. When some children sit rocking a horse, they ignore the children sitting behind them and suddenly walk away, all of which are manifestations that children don't know what consequences their actions may cause. Children can't protect themselves in the face of danger, their safety awareness is weak, they lack proper knowledge of prevention, and they don't know the accidents such as bruises, falls, burns, fractures, etc.
2. There are deviations and overprotections in family education methods, and parents' awareness of safety precautions is weak.
At present, most of them are only children, and most of them have been raised by generations. Parents "protect" their children too much, regard them as "the apple of their eye", take too many protective management measures for their children, dare not let them try many things themselves, restrict their activities too much, and neglect the cultivation of their independent ability, thus losing many opportunities for safety education for their children. More and more parents only care about their children's food, clothing, housing and transportation, and rarely communicate with their children. Parents have weak awareness of safety precautions and neglect safety education for their children. Once something happens to their children, parents are helpless.
3. Some kindergartens have lax safety system and poor management.
A few kindergartens did not put the awareness of safety responsibility on the important agenda and paid insufficient attention to safety management. There is a phenomenon of "talking is important, doing is secondary, and being busy is unnecessary", such as: some kindergartens' canteens are not hygienic or the food is not up to standard, which leads to food poisoning for children. For another example, some kindergartens do not have full-time doormen or the doormen are poorly managed and have a weak sense of responsibility. The children slipped out of the kindergarten when the guards were not looking, and then got lost. These safety accidents are caused by the imperfect safety management system of kindergartens. There are also some kindergartens whose emergency plans are imperfect, or although they have emergency plans, they are not operational enough, and they have not carried out drills in combination with the actual situation, including drills to improve children's self-protection ability, such as getting out of danger and saving themselves.
4. There are safety problems in some kindergartens' canteens and food hygiene.
The hardware facilities of a few kindergarten canteens are backward, and the food purchase channels are not standardized; In the canteen, the hired cooks are constantly changing, and individual cooks are on duty without a license; The sanitary facilities in the canteen are poor, and food safety needs to be strengthened.
5. The facilities and equipment in some kindergartens are unsafe.
Many kindergartens have no alarm and monitoring system. The facilities and equipment are old and aging, and toys such as large movable combination musical instruments, climbing frames, transfer cars and trojans are in disrepair for a long time, and many places are corroded and damaged, which has potential safety hazards.
6. In terms of fire safety: fire-fighting facilities are backward and outdated; The number of fire fighting equipment is not enough; Fire escape does not meet the requirements, etc.
7. Surrounding environment of the campus: Some kindergartens have poor surrounding environment, and there are vendors around the campus, operating some unclean food without a license, which poses certain health and safety risks.
Second, strengthen the kindergarten safety education and management countermeasures:
(A) strengthen leadership, establish and improve the safety system and emergency plan, is the premise of implementing safety education for children.
If there is no perfect security system as a guarantee, kindergartens will become slogans and become a mere formality. Therefore, kindergartens should first do a good job in system construction, pay close attention to the implementation of rules and regulations, establish and improve a series of safety work rules and regulations and emergency plans, conduct safety inspections on a regular basis, and make records, and deal with or report to relevant personnel in time if any danger is found. Establish leadership duty, concierge safety system, general duty system, children's pick-up card system, top ten health care systems, canteen and food hygiene and safety system, food sample retention, tasting and inspection system, etc. It is also necessary to establish emergency plans for emergencies in kindergartens, food poisoning prevention plans, fire fighting, flood control and disaster relief, earthquake prevention and emergency evacuation plans for major accidents. Formulate the post responsibilities of directors, teaching staff, medical staff, doormen, cooks, cleaners, financial personnel, etc. Relevant systems and responsibilities have been written and hung on the wall, so that the responsibilities are clear, the division of labor is specific, and the responsibility lies with people. It is also necessary to formulate a series of routine management mechanisms for education and teaching, such as "children's daily life" and "children's hygiene standards", so that teachers can have clear working procedures every month, week and day.
1. Strengthen leadership and set up institutions.
First of all, kindergartens should strengthen leadership and implement safety responsibilities. Set up a "safety work leading group", headed by the secretary and the director in charge, with the deputy director in charge of safety taking overall responsibility. Responsible members such as the head of the teaching and research group, the canteen manager and the health care doctor are responsible for the implementation of class safety work at different levels during the year, forming a situation of "integrated management" in the whole park; Secondly, when planning kindergarten work, kindergarten safety work should be put on the important agenda and included in the annual work plan. It is necessary to hold regular safety conferences, analyze the problems existing in kindergarten safety, study and formulate specific plans and measures, promote the solid development of safety work, and form a strong work pattern.
2, sign the safety responsibility book
First of all, in order to ensure the implementation of the responsibility for safety work, establish and improve the responsibility system for safety work, at the beginning of each semester, the director will sign a letter of responsibility for safety objectives with all kinds of personnel, so that the responsibility for safety work will be implemented to all people and the responsibility system for target management will be implemented at all levels. Plan and deploy at the beginning of the year, supervise and assess at ordinary times, and summarize the rewards at the end of the year; Secondly, the class teacher should also sign the "Responsibility Letter for Parents' Safety Management" with parents, so that parents can clearly understand their own safety education and supervision responsibilities; Thirdly, kindergartens should also sign the "Responsibility Letter for Food Safety and Hygiene Management" with suppliers, and take a two-pronged approach to prevent all kinds of safety accidents.
(2) Strengthening the internal management of kindergartens and putting safety measures in place are the basis for implementing safety education for young children.
1, strengthen the management of janitors and campus monitoring.
In order to further strengthen the order management in the park, first of all, kindergartens should strictly implement the guard system and the registration system for outsiders. Anyone who comes to visit must check the valid identity documents and register carefully. Suspicious people and pets are strictly prohibited from entering the campus. Establish a "children's pick-up card" system, require parents to take the card to pick up their children, and urge the doorman to strictly control the "pick-up by card". Secondly, campus entrances and exits are equipped with full-time guards on duty, and the leadership duty system and one-day patrol inspection work are strengthened. The whole park is equipped with alarms and provides 24-hour surveillance video. In view of the congestion of the surrounding roads, the administrative duty officer should also assist the doorman to supervise and ensure the smooth roads around the kindergarten and the safety of parents and children.
2, strengthen the canteen hygiene and safety management.
Kindergartens should establish a responsibility system for food hygiene and safety, strictly implement the Food Hygiene Law, and canteen staff should hold health certificates and have a physical examination once a year. Buyers should strictly control the purchase of goods, must buy food from formal channels, and it is strictly forbidden to buy rotten food into the park. Kindergartens should sign safety agreements with suppliers to ensure the hygiene and safety of children's food. Health workers should scientifically arrange children's recipes, regularly calculate children's nutrition, guide chefs to cook scientifically, and do a good job of matching lean food with meat and vegetables to ensure that children's food is comprehensive, balanced, rich and diverse. Chefs should check the last pass of food, report unsanitary, spoiled and expired food immediately, and strictly close the kitchen, and prohibit irrelevant personnel from entering the kitchen to prevent accidents. In addition to preparing the children's meal at two o'clock, the chef should separate the knives, chopping boards, bowls, pots and other cooking utensils, disinfect the food and rinse it clean. Prevent food poisoning and intestinal infectious diseases.
3, completes the garden, facilities and equipment safety inspection.
Kindergarten safety leading group should often go deep into the first-line inspection, and take regular inspections and irregular spot checks on kindergarten buildings, facilities and equipment to ensure the safety work is implemented. For example, the safety of water, electricity and gas in kindergartens requires the personnel on duty to check every day to ensure that nothing is lost; Full-time staff are responsible for the inspection of outdoor large-scale activity equipment, and solve problems in time when found; Office workers should always conduct a comprehensive survey of kindergartens' houses, venues and toys. When problems are found, they should be rectified immediately to eliminate all kinds of potential safety hazards and avoid accidents such as electric shock, bumps, falls and burns.
4. Strengthen the inspection of children entering the park.
It is not difficult for teachers to find that children bring things into the park. These things are precisely the hidden dangers of accidents. Therefore, we must use the reception link to clean up some dangerous goods brought by children as much as possible, such as knives, glass sheets, pins, straws and so on.
(3) Carrying out safety education activities and improving children's self-protection ability is the key to implementing safety education for children.
Children are in the stage of physical and mental development, lacking life experience and common sense in all aspects of society and nature, and are curious. They don't know what they can and can't do, and sometimes they just like to try something dangerous. Self-protection consciousness is the basis of children's safe behavior. However, most children are often helpless in the face of danger and difficulties. When encountering problems, they will only ask adults for help, and even rarely try to solve them themselves. Children's exploration spirit and creativity are gradually lost with the help of adults. In view of this situation, kindergartens can make full use of the opportunities of safety education day and safety education week to carry out colorful and lively safety education activities according to the different age characteristics of children, and integrate the learning content of self-protection into games, so that children can have fun in learning, and their knowledge and ability interact and promote each other, so that children can actively discover, learn and summarize some emergency protection knowledge and simple self-protection measures. For example:
Small paragraphs mainly cultivate children's self-protection awareness. For example, by telling the story of Xiao Ming and strangers, we can introduce children to self-help methods when they get lost or strangers take them away, and we can educate children not to walk with strangers casually and not to eat strangers casually. Carry out "dangerous places" and "when encountering accidents" safety theme activities, educate children how to pay attention to safety, avoid danger, not panic when encountering danger, be able to calmly respond, take emergency measures, and enhance children's awareness of self-protection. Stories such as "What to do if you hurt yourself", "Don't eat small buttons", "The boiling water in the cup has spilled" and "You have taken the wrong medicine" have been carried out to introduce the self-rescue methods for burns, burns, bleeding and accidents to children and cultivate their self-protection ability; Design "after getting sick" activities to let children know that if a certain part of the body is uncomfortable, they must tell adults in time so as not to delay the illness; Teach children "don't play with sharp things", you can design "finger cuts" and let children discuss "why did you cut your finger?" What inconvenience will an injured hand bring to our life? What should I do after my hand is injured? "Then let the children practice the operation, guide them to learn how to use sharp objects such as scissors and game sticks correctly, organize them to discuss which method is better, and let them know how to take the most effective self-protection measures.
In the middle stage, food safety theme activities can be carried out. Through stories such as "Piglet is sick" and "Don't eat too many sweets", the situation is as follows: Don't eat indiscriminately, discuss "Why do you have a stomachache", "Pay attention to food hygiene" and "Can you eat three foods", let children learn to distinguish between safe and healthy foods and "three foods" and tell them not to eat "expired and deteriorated foods"; Let children know to eat clean and hygienic food, wash their hands before meals, and develop the good habit of brushing their teeth in the morning and evening and gargling after meals; Guide children to discover the dangerous sources in their surrounding life through their own observation, record dangerous places, collect waste materials, design their own safety signs, and remind everyone to be safety guards.
A large section of educational content focusing on traffic safety and fire safety has been carried out. Can make full use of and play the role of the game. For example, design a game scene of "Little Turtle Entering the City". At the crossroads where vehicles are constantly flowing and pedestrians are coming and going, children help "Little Turtle" cross the road safely. In the relaxed and pleasant traffic safety game, they know the traffic rules and common sense of safety when crossing the road, and constantly improve their safety awareness; Invite fire officers and soldiers to give lectures on fire safety knowledge in the park. Through environmental layout, photo exhibition, story telling, reciting children's songs, watching animated images and other forms, children can understand the harm caused by fire, know the common sense and methods of self-rescue in fire, and perform simulation performances such as "I am a small fireman", "What to do in case of fire" and "Emergency evacuation" by creating scenes, so that children can experience the methods and skills of self-rescue and escape in case of fire. Play "On the Street" role games to let children know the role of zebra crossings and traffic lights when crossing the road. When they get lost, they should ask the traffic police uncle for help and tell their parents their names, home addresses and telephone numbers. Tell the children the fire alarm telephone number "1 19", the hospital emergency telephone number "120" and the alarm telephone number "10", and let the children discuss "Can I call the fire alarm number at will?" There are many ways to protect yourself. I can call for help.
(D) Family cooperation, forming a joint force of safety education, is the guarantee for children to implement safety education.
It is not enough to educate children about safety only by kindergarten education. Family is an important place for children's life, and family education has a great influence on children. To cultivate children's safety awareness, parents must support and cooperate to form a joint force of safety education. However, the effect of children's self-protection education can not be seen overnight, and it needs to be continuously strengthened and cultivated to improve children's self-protection awareness and ability.
In order to achieve the consistency of family education, kindergartens should attach importance to family education, open up safety publicity columns and tutoring columns, parents' gardens, A Letter to Parents and Parents' Safety Books in Winter and Summer Vacations, hold regular parent meetings and hold "parent schools", which are divided into large, medium and small sections according to the characteristics of children's different ages. Parents' schools also carry out targeted safety education activities in three years. For example, a short paragraph, educate children to learn to protect themselves and educate children to develop good hygiene habits from an early age; In the middle stage, pay attention to children's nutrition and food hygiene, and good habits can benefit children for life; Explain traffic safety knowledge and fire safety knowledge in large sections, so that parents can increase their safety knowledge, strengthen their safety awareness, publicize the importance and necessity of safety education, and organize parents to study the law on the protection of minors and the education law. Let parents realize that the focus of safety education for children is the cultivation of consciousness and ability, and effectively extend the content of safety education to every child's family. Let parents know how to cooperate with kindergartens in their daily life to educate their children on self-protection. Parents are required to pay attention to teaching their children some ways to deal with accidental injuries according to their children's strong curiosity, thirst for knowledge, random behavior and poor self-control. They should cooperate with kindergartens to ensure the safety of children.
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