As early as 189 1, the Brazilian Constitution decided to build the capital on the mainland, in order to solve the problem that the population is concentrated on the coast and the mainland resources are far from being developed. But the real action was implemented after the newly elected President Kubecek 1956 ordered it. He decided to build a new capital on a wasteland in the mainland and named it Brasilia. And put forward the slogan "five years after 50 years". In March 0957, the famous planner Lucio Costa won the master plan competition. At the same time, the President personally appointed Oscar Niemeyer as the chief architect of the city. The main architectural design collections of the whole city are from his hands. To 65438+.

Brief introduction of Brasilia

The planning of Brasilia is very distinctive. The skeleton of urban layout consists of two axes with different functions: east and west and north and south. The plane looks like a swept-wing plane. The east-west main axis is 6 kilometers long, and the office buildings of the ministries and commissions of the Brazilian central government are arranged in the east, neatly arranged on both sides of the avenue. At the eastern end of the main axis, the square plane of square of the three powers is basically triangular, and the Parliament Building, the Supreme Court and the Presidential Palace are standing. In terms of layout and composition, architectural space is the focus of attention. The western section of the main axis is mainly arranged by municipal authorities, and the western end is the railway passenger station of the city. The north-south axis is bent into two wings, which are 5 kilometers long, and there is a main road running through it and connected to the highway. Rectangular residential areas are arranged on both sides of the main road. Every block has high-rise and multi-storey apartments and shops, and the layout is basically unified. At the intersection of the two main axes of the city, there is a four-story platform, which forms a three-dimensional intersection at different levels to ease the traffic in all directions. The city's commercial center, cultural and entertainment center are all located here, and most of the citizens and passengers change here. There is a stadium in the west. There are zoos and botanical gardens on the north and south sides of the east-west axis. There are artificial lakes around the north, east and south of the city, and several single-family residential areas are scattered around the artificial lakes. There are several small factories in this city.

Brief introduction of Brasilia

Although Brasilia has been built for a long time, people can't regard it as a city because there seems to be no road. Although officials and politicians in Brasilia try their best to escape to Rio de Janeiro or Sao Paulo on weekends, even low-income people in construction and service industries have to spend the weekend in slums 30 kilometers away from Brasilia, because Brasilia is too desolate. However, no one in the world can deny that the urban planning of Brasilia has a high degree of integrity. Lucio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer created every detail and element of Brasilia's residential layout planning and administrative district according to their imagination. It is conceivable that this touched the world architecture community at that time, which was enough to make it a milestone in the history of world urban and rural planning. 1987, Brasilia, which was built less than 30 years ago, was listed by UNESCO.