Otto Edward Leopold von Bismarck (German: Otto Edward Leopold von Bismarck, 18 15 April 1-1898 July 30), the first German Reich. "Iron" refers to weapons, "blood" refers to war), "German architect" and "German navigator". The following is my story about Bismarck, welcome to read!

Iron-blooded prime minister Bismarck

Otto von bismarck 18 15 April 1 was born in Prussia into a noble and big landlord family. He spent his childhood in his father's manor. Later, he entered the university to study. During his school days, he was violent and rude, and he fought with his classmates 27 times.

After graduating from college, he returned to his hometown to manage his two territories. 1848, a revolution broke out in Germany, and Bismarck organized troops in his own territory.

From1851-1858 as the representative of Prussia in the German Federal Council, from 1859 as the ambassador to Russia, from 186 1 as the ambassador to France, and from1859. As can be seen from the above introduction, Bismarck is a die-hard advocate of the use of force. He knows the inner thoughts of Russian and French rulers very well, which makes him know how to use force against the enemy after becoming prime minister. Bismarck made his first speech in the state legislature in his first week as prime minister. He said with great excitement: "Contemporary major political issues cannot be decided by empty words and most resolutions, but must be solved by iron and blood. What Germany is counting on is not Prussian liberalism, but his force! "

This is the origin of "Prime Minister of Iron Blood". So what is the intention of his speech? It turns out that many centuries ago, Germany was already in a state of disintegration, and this leaderless situation is famous in Europe.

18 15 years, various feudal countries held a meeting in Vienna and established the "German Federation", including small countries with strong strength such as Austria and Prussia, 34 countries and 4 free cities. However, this Federation is not a unified country. Small countries still have completely independent sovereignty, independent government and army, inviolable territory, different tariff policies and different levels of development.

In fact, the so-called confederation is just a form. However, the initiative of small countries to unite illustrates an important problem, that is, division is not conducive to economic development. For the common interests of all small German countries, they would rather unite. The wish is good. It can be said that the unification of Germany is an inevitable trend of historical development. However, how to unify? Who will unify? This question is obviously difficult. This loose and non-binding "confederation" is not enough. In this way, in the 1950s and 1960s of19th century, the unification of Germany was put on the agenda of small countries.

Every small feudal country is playing its own wishful thinking. Obviously, the situation was favorable to the two great powers at that time, namely Austria and Prussia. Austria wants to unify Germany with itself as the center and wants to be included in Prussia like other small countries. On the other hand, Prussia excluded Austria from their planned unified country. In this way, the two sides launched a struggle.

In the early 1950s, the two sides were evenly matched. 1in the spring of 850, Austria took the initiative to launch an offensive. In May, Austria convened a meeting of representatives of all Germany in Frankfurt, and the meeting decided to restore the parliament of all Germany, with Austria and Pu taking turns as the chairman. However, Prussia flatly refused. As a result, the negotiations between the two sides ended.

In the late 1950s, Prussia began to counterattack. It first developed economic ties with many small German countries. He also used the 1859 French-Italian War to try to force the German Parliament to hand over its leadership.

1in the spring of 960, Prussia began military reform and its military strength was greatly strengthened. 1September 862, when Bismarck became prime minister, it was Prussia's military strength that was on the rise, which just laid a solid foundation for his iron and blood policy. Bismarck knew very well that bourgeois members in parliament would only make noise. They are weak and powerless to oppose the government. Therefore, in order to implement the "iron and blood policy" more effectively, he simply kicked the parliament. When the parliament accused the government of "violating the Constitution", he was not afraid, but publicly threatened: "Conflict is inevitable, and the most powerful party in the conflict will definitely win!" A challenger's posture. At the same time, he also knew that once his "iron-blooded policy" won the final victory and achieved the reunification of Germany, these chattering bourgeois parliamentarians would immediately kneel before him. The first step of Bismarck's "iron and blood policy" was to attack Denmark.

Install electric bell

On one occasion, Bismarck rented a place as an office. He asked the landlord to install an electric bell in the room, but the landlord refused on the grounds that he had no obligation to install an electric bell. At that time, Bismarck said nothing. At night, Bismarck's room suddenly heard gunshots. The landlord thought something was wrong and went to check it at once. I saw Bismarck working slowly, with a smoking gun on the table.

The landlord asked timidly, "What's the matter?" Bismarck said flatly, "Nothing. I just called my people with a gun. " Early the next morning, Bismarck's room was fitted with an electric bell.

Diplomatic ability

He is quick-thinking and eloquent. He became a diplomat for the first time and attended the meeting of the Germanic Union. When the German king appointed him as a diplomat, he was a little uneasy about him and said, "You have never had diplomatic experience. It is really bold to take on this important task." Bismarck tactfully replied: "Your Majesty entrusted me with this important task, but it was only your courage. As for whether I am competent or not, I will know after a while. If I am incompetent, please fire me immediately. Since your majesty dares to give an order, I dare to take my life. "

Save a friend with wisdom

Bismarck and his friends went hunting in the forest. My friend accidentally fell into the swamp. When Bismarck heard the cry for help, he pretended to be serious and said, "If I save you in a hurry, I will definitely fall into the swamp, so I decided not to save you." But I can't watch you suffer. In order to avoid your pain, I have to kill you with a cruel shot. "After the gun was raised, my friend was afraid of being killed, struggled desperately, and finally survived.

Metaphor political enemy

Katrina was a political activist in ancient Rome and a schemer against nobles and the state. Bismarck described his political opponents on many occasions as Catalina elements-plot planners who feared that the world would be chaotic. 1At the meeting of the Budget Committee of Prussia Parliament on September 30, 862, he said: "There are a large number of Catalina elements in China, and their greatest interest is to be afraid of chaos in the world."

On another occasion, 1878, Bismarck even said rudely to the liberal opposition: "Hit the wall and make them cry!" He sometimes denounces unpleasant remarks as "political poison wells" (18821); Sometimes there will be such amazing words as "newspapers and magazines-nonsense printed on paper" (1speech in the imperial parliament in 888).