The so-called "topic composition" is the composition proposition form that the topic of the article is determined by the test paper; Although there are guidance words similar to "materials", their function is only to lead out the composition topic and guide candidates to understand and think about the composition topic, and candidates are not required to write compositions "according to materials" or "related materials". The fundamental requirement of "headline composition" for content is "theme combination", not "material combination". For example, this year's composition in Jiangsu, although Meng Jiao, Ai Qing, Roman? The three famous sayings of Roland's three famous people only lead to the essay topic "Trouble and Love", and they are also used to guide candidates to examine the questions. The articles written by candidates do not need these three famous sayings. The so-called "new material composition" is a form of composition proposition formed by improving the "material composition" of the national college entrance examination in the 1980 s and 1990 s; It gives one or several materials, asking candidates to choose a good angle, determine ideas, draw up a good topic, and write articles that are not divorced from the content and significance of the materials. For example, this year's essay in Beijing gave a piece of material: "Old people work in the depths of mountains and are responsible for patrolling railways to prevent falling rocks, landslides and falling trees from endangering traffic safety. He has to walk more than 20 kilometers by himself every day. Whenever a train passes by, the old man will solemnly raise his hand and salute the speeding train. At this time, the train also blew its whistle, and the whistle echoed in the mountains for a long time ... "Then the candidates were asked to write an article of not less than 800 words from their own point of view within the meaning of the material. The basic requirement of "new material composition" is that the topic, idea and content to be selected should be "combined with materials"
There are three obvious differences between the "new material composition" in college entrance examination and the "title composition" in Jiangsu in recent years: First, the former should draw up the title of the article from its own point of view according to the meaning of the material, and the candidates have an important answering procedure. Second, candidates writing "new material composition" can not be divorced from the meaning and content of the material, and its restrictions are clear. Third, Jiangsu's headline compositions such as "Miss the Sky", "Taste Fashion", "Green Life" and "Reject Mediocrity" are easy to be written as explanations of established views, while "New Material Composition" requires candidates to have a process of analyzing specific materials, finding problems and solving problems by themselves, which is more conducive to testing candidates' excellent thinking quality. Because "new material composition" has such characteristics, the resolution of outstanding talents is higher than that of "topic composition", in recent years, the examination center of the Ministry of Education has insisted on recommending this type of composition to provinces and cities with independent propositions.
The change of composition types in Jiangsu college entrance examination is also influenced by plagiarism, interplanting and identical composition. The 20 10 marking group picked out and published a perfect composition "Green Life", of which almost 90% copied the essay "Shopping" by the writer Li Hanrong. This year, the marking group picked out a perfect composition "Trouble and Love", which basically copied the author Wang Kailing's article. When I was reading this article in the liberal arts class of senior three, some students exposed it as plagiarism. I don't know why the experts in the marking group didn't see it. Is this just the tip of the iceberg of plagiarism? According to the teacher who participated in marking the composition of Jiangsu college entrance examination, this year's marking found that there were more than 100 groups of articles about grandparents in a certain place, all with 20 points; This situation has also occurred in previous years. The testing reliability of "topic composition" in Jiangsu college entrance examination is not as good as that of "new material composition", which is also an important reason for "change".
"New material composition" is more restrictive than "topic composition", which makes it more difficult for candidates to "dance with shackles". 20 13 the majority of candidates in Jiangsu who are about to face the college entrance examination have continued their previous thinking, most of whom have been trained in "topic composition" and are not familiar with "new material composition". Now they can take the following general plans to make adjustments: in the next few months, it is not difficult to cope with the focus on training "new material composition" and being able to write "new material composition"; Contact with the real social situation, clearly distinguish the facts of life, and improve the ability to analyze specific materials, analyze problems and solve problems; Strengthen the training of argumentative writing style. Generally speaking, argumentative writing is more suitable for the "new material composition" of the college entrance examination. (Xu Zhongxian)
Brief introduction of the author
Xu Zhongxian, male, born in 1954, Wuxi, Jiangsu. He holds a bachelor's degree in Chinese language and literature education and a bachelor's degree in literature. Engaged in Chinese teaching and research in middle schools for 33 years. At present, he is a senior teacher of the third senior middle school in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, a special Chinese teacher in high school, a famous teacher in Wuxi, a leader of Chinese teaching in Wuxi, a leader of teaching and research in Wuxi, and a deputy secretary-general of Wuxi Language Society.