Text/Fan Yajun
Zhuang Sheng is Zhuangzi, who travels around the world freely on horseback. After Fan Li helped Yue to destroy Wu, he retired from the world with his companion Xi Shi and a small boat. Only when he achieves the Tao, how unrestrained and unrestrained he is.
Fan Li is the originator of Confucian businessmen. He is a military strategist, a politician, a wealthy businessman, and a business sage and god of wealth. He is a rare cross-border transformation in the history of our country and has made great contributions to the world and is famous throughout the ages.
When Li Ka-shing gave a speech at Shantou University, he claimed to admire Tao Zhugong and Fan Li the most, and told several stories about Fan Li. In the end, Li Ka-shing admitted that he learned from Fan Li in business and Franklin in life.
Fan Li, born in about 536 BC and died in about 448 BC, was a Yue Dynasty official and general. He was a famous politician and military strategist in the late Spring and Autumn Period. He was the originator of ancient Chinese merchants and the earliest merchant in China. The richest man and philanthropist. Fan Li supported Gou Jian, the king of Yue, and worked hard to achieve the great rejuvenation of Yue.
Fan Li was born in Wanyi, Chu State. His teacher was Mr. Zhuang Bo, a Meng Guan private school teacher known as the unknown in the history circle. Zhuang Bo often said: "I have taught many disciples in my life, but Lu Tong, Zhuang Sheng and Fan Li are enough." Among the three, Fan Li was the youngest. Later, Fan Li studied under Ji Nizi (also called Ji Ranzi), who became one of the three founders of Taoism (Nan Huaijin jokingly called the three Taoists: Laozi, son (Nizi in Shanghai dialect), and grandson). Ji Ranzi was good at astronomy. He was the first to discover the effect of the periodic movement of the distance between the moon and Jupiter on the earth's biosphere. This period is very close to 12 years. Three years later, Fan Li completed his studies and became a teacher. He had good ideas for governing the country and ensuring peace of the country. He longed to meet a wise king, display his talents and build immortal achievements. But it has never been taken seriously in Chu State. So Fan Li discussed with his friend Wen Zhong, and they left Chu State and went to Yue State one after another. They were highly valued by Yue King Yunchang and were appointed as senior officials. Fan Li then stepped onto the political and military stage. ?
In the summer of 496 BC, King Helu of Wu personally led the army and launched an attack on the country of Yue. The attack was like overwhelming mountains and seas, and the banners covered the sky and the sun. King Gou Jian of Yue had just succeeded to the throne, and the country of Yue fell into panic. Fan Li saw through Wu Jun's Bagua formation during the battle. Knowing that Wu Jun was waiting for backup, Fan Li proposed a strategy of sending prisoners on death row to commit suicide in front of Wu Jun's formation to distract the enemy's attention. 300 death row prisoners swung their swords and killed themselves in front of Wu Jun's formation. The soldiers of the Wu army were so frightened that they turned livid and lost the ability to fight. When they saw the general and the sword made by Mo Xie beside the corpse, they went to pick it up desperately. The Wu army was suddenly in disarray. The invincible Bagua formation was quickly broken by the Vietnamese army, and King Helu of Wu died in the battle. This is a famous battle in history where a small number of people defeated a large number of people: the Battle of Chaoli. Fan Li, who was only 21 years old, became famous in one battle and was deeply appreciated by King Gou Jian of Yue. Fan Li proposed to the King of Yue a strategy to enrich the country and strengthen its army: strengthen the city walls, develop salt, wine, and jade industries, reform the military system, and upgrade combat equipment. The cause of the Yue Kingdom was booming, and the King of Yue became complacent and arrogant.
In 494 BC, after ascending the throne, King Wu Fu Chai avenged the murder of his father. He was prepared to prepare troops and troops, and he appointed General Wu Zixu to start a revenge campaign to attack the Yue Kingdom. The king of Yue underestimated the enemy and wanted another great victory. Fan Li tried his best to avoid his attack, but Gou Jian refused to listen and insisted on sending troops. As expected, the Yue Kingdom was defeated and the Yue King was trapped in Kuaiji Mountain. Fan Li persuaded King Gou Jian of Yue to agree to any conditions of Wu in order to save his life. "There is an old saying that if the king is humiliated, his ministers will die. If the ministers take shame as their ambition, they will definitely make the king a hegemon in the future!" Gou Jian gritted his teeth and said, "I understand. , I will endure the humiliation and endure the heavy burden, and I will endure hardships even though I am tired."
So Fan Li went to Wu as an envoy to persuade the King of Wu to accept the surrender of Yue. Wu Zixu, the general of Wu State, advocated the destruction of Yue State and never hesitated or showed mercy. Wu Zixu said: "If you don't destroy Yue now, you will regret it later." Fan Li arrived at the State of Wu and made an economic calculation to Dazai Bopu, who was in charge of finance of the State of Wu: If the State of Yue was retained as an immortal state and allowed to be a vassal state of the State of Wu, the State of Yue could pay a huge grain tax to the State of Wu every year. and gold and silver treasures; if the Yue State was destroyed and became a princely fiefdom of the Wu State, the annual grain tax and property that could be paid would be much less; it is obvious which one has more economic value and is of greater benefit to the Wu State. Dazai Bopu was worried about the logistical support of Wu's hegemony, and tried his best to persuade the King of Wu to surrender. In the end, King Wu did not listen to the advice of General Wu Zixu, "If you don't destroy Yue now, you will regret it later", he stopped his troops and returned, accepting Yue as a country and becoming a vassal state. Fan Li's economic card in military politics was surprisingly effective.
According to the terms of peace negotiated between Wu and Yue, the Yue Kingdom was defeated, and the Yue King Gou Jian would take his wife to the Wu Kingdom as a slave.
Gou Jian originally wanted to bring Wen Zhong with him. However, Fan Li strongly recommended that he go with Gou Jian and said: "Within the four seals, Li is not as good as Zhong when it comes to the common people. Outside the four seals, when it comes to the enemy's control of the country and making decisions... Zhong is not as good as Li." This shows Fan Li's resourcefulness, courage and righteous character.
As the king of Yue, Gou Jian was so ashamed to be a slave of the king of Wu. Fan Li accompanied Gou Jian to the state of Wu and worked as a slave for three years. His body deteriorated but his heart did not die. He saved his life and waited for an opportunity to return. During these three years, Fan Li continued to provide ideological work and psychological guidance to King Wu, making King Wu relax his vigilance and feel that King Gou Jian of Yue had surrendered and no longer had any ambitions. Once when King Wu Fu Chai fell ill, Fan Li came up with the idea to let Gou Jian taste Fu Chai's feces in order to diagnose Fu Chai's illness. This incident made King Wu Fucha feel the loyalty of Gou Jian and Fan Li to the King of Wu. The King of Wu was deeply moved and ordered Gou Jian and Fan Li to be sent back to Yue. Wu Wang's move naturally aroused Wu Zixu's fierce opposition and all kinds of obstruction. In order for King Gou Jian of Yue to return to the country smoothly, Fan Li further agreed: after Fan Li accompanied Gou Jian back to the country of Yue, Fan Li himself would return to the country of Wu as a hostage and send the king of Wu an unparalleled beauty. Fan Li endured humiliation and heavy burdens and remained determined, which shows his perseverance.
After the defeat of the Yue Kingdom, the situation of the country fell to the bottom, and the country was desolate and desolate. In 491 BC, Fan Li returned to the Yue State with Gou Jian and his wife to avenge the rejuvenation of the country. Fan Li and Wen Zhong formulated the Yue State's strategy of "ten years of gathering and ten years of lessons" to destroy Wu, and devised the "Nine Techniques to Promote Yue and Destroy Wu" , implemented step by step. Fan Li has always maintained a high degree of strategic patience and determination in this regard, and based on economic construction, he has led the comprehensive rejuvenation of Vietnam. Fan Li showed superb economic talent and proposed "Fan Zi Ji Ran Shu" (equivalent to Yue's "Fu Guo Lun"). The book includes revitalizing agriculture, encouraging farmers to grow mulberry trees, and cultivating grain. In addition to guiding agricultural production according to climate, it also formulates the "38 Price Rule" to take into account the interests of both farmers and farmers. Fan Li believes that "if you are sick at 20 years old, your farmers will be sick at 90 years old. If you are sick at the end of the year, you will not be able to make money, and if you are sick at the end of the year, you will not be able to grow grass. If the upper level does not exceed 80, and the lower level does not decrease by 30, then both farmers and farmers will benefit." Nong refers to farmers, mo refers to merchants, and 粲 refers to grains. It means: If the interests of businessmen are harmed, they will not deal in food commodities; if the interests of farmers are harmed, they will not develop agricultural production. If businessmen and farmers suffer at the same time, it will affect the country's fiscal revenue. The best way is for the government to control grain prices between 80 and 30, that is, the government adjusts prices through grain reserves, so that the increase does not exceed 80% and the decrease does not exceed 30%, so that farmers and businessmen can profit at the same time. Agriculture will be stable. This is the earliest government macro-control concept in history, taking into account the interrelationship between production and market.
Implement the policy of recuperation and recuperation internally, and do not mess with the people's merits and do not go against the times. Focus on the economy first, then be close to the people and stabilize society. Coordinate internal relations, be close to the ministers at home, and be loyal to the people. Developing bilateral trade with the south and transporting domestic goods to the south in exchange for grain, Yuedu became the center of commercial trade in the south of the Yangtze River for a while. In terms of military affairs, highly mobile elite troops and generals were formed, a secret factory was established in the middle of Kuaiji Mountain, a large number of tanks and military vehicles were manufactured, and strict training was conducted every day. He bribed Fu Chai's favored minister Bo Pi, alienated his loyal minister Wu Zixu, and offered beautiful women Xi Shi. Xi Shi served the King of Wu all day long, encouraging the King of Wu to build large-scale construction projects and engage in military warfare. The King of Wu was obsessed with Xi Shi's beauty and gradually ignored the government affairs. The state of Wu began to turn from prosperity to decline.
After selecting Xi Shi, Fan Li personally trained Xi Shi, stating her righteousness, training requirements, and armed psychological strength. During the training period of getting along day and night, Xi Shi and Fan Li fell in love. Xi Shi could not bear to leave Fan Li, and for a time he did not want to go to the Kingdom of Wu, feeling depressed and depressed. In order to complete the great cause of restoring the country, Fan Li persuaded Xi Shi to embark on a journey to the Kingdom of Wu, promising Xi Shi that after Xi Shi completed her mission, Fan Li would personally take her back from the Kingdom of Wu and stay together forever. Fan Li put this anchor of love in Xi Shi's heart, so that she would not be inspired by the enemy to rebel, but also gave Xi Shi the strength to hope and persevere for a long time.
Wu Zixu’s father, Wu She, was the tutor of Prince Jian of Chu Ping. Due to slander by Fei Wuji, he was killed by King Ping of Chu together with his eldest son Wu Shang. Wu Zixu fled from Chu to Wu and became an important minister of the King of Wu. He was the builder of Gusu City (Suzhou City). There is a Xu clan in Suzhou to this day. In 506 BC, Wu Zixu and Sun Wu led troops to invade the capital of Chu. Wu Zixu dug up the tomb of King Chu Ping and whipped three hundred corpses to avenge his father and brother. The State of Wu relied heavily on the plans of Wu Zixu and others, defeated the powerful Chu in the west, and defeated Xu, Lu, and Qi in the north, becoming the hegemon among the princes.
Wu Zixu repeatedly advised King Wu Fu Chai to kill Gou Jian, but Fu Chai refused to listen.
Fu Chai was eager to enter the Central Plains of Tu and led his army to attack Qi. Wu Zixu once again advised Fu Chai not to attack Qi for the time being and to destroy Yue first, but he was rejected. Fu Chai listened to Taizai Bo Pei's slander that Wu Zixu was plotting to rely on Qi to rebel against Wu, so he sent someone to give Wu Zixu a sword and ordered him to commit suicide. Before Wu Zixu committed suicide, he said to his retainers: "Please dig out my eyes and place them on the east gate. I want to watch the Kingdom of Wu perish." Nine years after Wu Zixu's death, the Kingdom of Wu was destroyed by the Yue Kingdom.
Fan Li is the pioneer of today's popular "beauty economy". One of Fan Li's plans to restore the country was a beauty trap. The first was a national talent show, which set off a craze for beauties. Next, after beauties such as Xi Shi and Zheng Dan were selected, they were packaged and trained to increase Xi Shi's popularity and become a star beauty. This way, Xi Shi was sent to Wu State with a sense of national honor to fulfill a secret mission. Third, when Xi Shi presented her beauty to the King of Wu, she was naturally worth a lot and won the King of Wu's vanity as soon as she appeared on the stage. Fourth, Xi Shi lived a luxurious life in Wu State, encouraged large-scale construction projects, etc., which consumed national power and promoted the export of rare treasures from Yue State to Wu State. This is very similar to today's "beauty economy".
What is even more legendary is that Fan Li used predictions of agricultural abundance and failure in military affairs. Based on the regional differences in astronomical climate cycles, Fan Li predicted a pattern: that year it was a year of disaster for Yue and a year of good for Wu; the next year it was a normal year for both countries; and the third year was a year of good for Yue and a year of disaster for Wu. For this reason, Fan Li devised a plan of "borrowing grain to repay crops": in the first year, the State of Yue borrowed 100,000 tons of grain from the State of Wu and promised to repay it double within two years. To reduce the pressure of return, the grains are secretly slightly steamed for one minute to make the rice grains enlarged and appear fuller in appearance. When delivered, they falsely claim that this is a special grade grain, and it is recommended that high-quality seeds be sown in the spring. It happened that the grain harvest in Wu State last year was average and the inventory was small, so it was naturally easy to accept it as grain. Unexpectedly, after the seeds were distributed in spring sowing the next year, they did not germinate for a long time (steamed). Naturally, they could not harvest the grain in summer. When there was a famine in the Qing and Huang Dynasties, Fan Li led the Yue army to attack Wu.
The preparation for the restoration of the country lasted for 15 years. During this period, Gou Jian proposed four times to conquer Wu, but Fan Li postponed it on the grounds of lack of timing, lack of favorable geographical conditions, and unprepared personnel. It was not until the spring of 476 BC that the time finally came to attack Wu. At this time, Fu Chai devoted all his power to the north to fight for hegemony in the Central Plains, which severely depleted the country's power and left an empty rear area. Only the old and weak and the prince stayed behind. After nearly 20 years of careful preparation, the State of Yue became strong and powerful. Fan Li suggested that Gou Jian immediately raise troops to attack Wu. In 473 BC, the Wu army collapsed. When Wu King Fu Chai was desperate, he thought of Wu Zixu and felt that he was ashamed of Wu Zixu, so he committed suicide in a mask. ?
However, after Wu was defeated, Fan Li, the first hero, sized up the situation, retreated bravely, and fled from Yue. Fan Li warned his friends about the chronological order of the rise and fall of literary genres: "When the birds are gone, the good bows are hidden; when the cunning rabbits die, the lackeys are cooked", and advised the literary genre to retire. However, Wenzhong didn't believe it, and he was later given a sword by Gou Jian to commit suicide. Legend has it that when Fan Li left the country, he took a small boat and sailed across the rivers and lakes. Late at night, he picked up the beautiful Xishi girl who had been rescued from the harem of the state of Wu and hid in the rivers and lakes. As a spy in the honey trap, Xi Shi was an informed soldier. Due to ancient superstition, it was believed that the beauty in the honey trap was a source of disaster, so Xi Shi's body was to be shrouded in horse leather and sink into the river to be destroyed. Fan Li fulfilled his original promise to Xi Shi and hid Xi Shi in the grass in the river and lake during the execution. The executioner went back to report that Xi Shi had sunk into the river, but Fan Li rescued Xi Shi from the grass in the middle of the night and drove away in a boat. The hero and beauty stepped on A new life. Therefore, there is an old saying that "Rivers and Lakes Fan Lizhou".
Fan Li came to Qi State, changed his name to Gui Zipi, and lived in a cottage by the sea. He worked hard to encircle salt production, annexed salt fields, hoarded salt, sold salt, and bartered. He accumulated tens of millions of property in just one year. After the first round of wealth accumulation was completed, Fan Li had the conditions to start doing big business using the cyclical laws he was proficient in, that is, arbitrage of cyclical changes in bulk production materials, and bulk commodities such as grain, salt, timber, military horses, vehicles and ships, and he quickly accumulated wealth. Richest in the world.
The "Euyi Salt Farm" founded by Fan Li in Qi State soon became a highly reputable brand, and merchants from all over the country rushed to do business with him. Fan Li was generous with his wealth and did good to his hometown. His wisdom and ability were appreciated by the people of Qi. The king of Qi invited him to Linzi, the capital, and worshiped him as the prime minister in charge of government affairs. He exclaimed: "Being an official can lead to ministers, and running a family can make a lot of money. For a commoner who started from scratch, this has reached the extreme. Being honored for a long time is probably not a good sign." So he presided over the government of Qi for three years. After that, he bravely retreated again, returned the seal to the king of Qi, and distributed all his family wealth to his close friends and fellow villagers.
Dressed in commoners, Fan Li moved for the third time to Taodi, the state of Lu, which lived "among the world" (Taodi borders Qi and Lu to the east; Qin and Zheng to the west; Jin and Yan to the north; The best place for doing business (connecting Chu and Yue to the south), using the art of planning (according to the season, climate, people's sentiments, customs, etc., I take when others give up, I give when others take, let nature take its course, wait for the opportunity) to manage the industry Within a few years, he accumulated capital through business and became extremely wealthy, so he named himself Tao Zhugong. The local people respected Tao Zhugong as the God of Wealth, and he was the originator of moral business in my country (the so-called Confucian businessmen). Historian Sima Qian said: "Fan Li had an honorable name during his three moves." There is a saying in the history book that summarizes his life: "Pursuing benefits with the times without blaming others."
After Fan Li settled in Taodi, he changed his name and founded With the brand name "Tao Zhu Gong", it only took three years to start a business and he became a wealthy man in Tao Di. The basic industries are sericulture, silk making and selling silk. At the same time, he took advantage of the convenient geographical transportation to carry out large-scale trade. One day after the beginning of spring, Fan Li went to the market for a tour and felt that the price of grain was low, while the prices of butcher shops, wood, silk, silk cloth, etc. were all rising. After returning, he made a decisive decision and set out to Jiangnan to buy grain recently. Empty the warehouse and prepare to stock up on food. The guys don’t understand. The silk business is booming now, the price of grain is average, and the spring seedlings are growing well. Why should we start trading grain? However, after the Qingming Festival, the air began to dry, and there was no clear rain until summer. A rare drought occurred in Qi, Jin, and Shandong Province. After the Beginning of Autumn, food prices began to rise, from one hundred yuan per stone to two hundred and fifty yuan. The grain merchants only regretted that they had too little grain, while Tao Zhugong made a huge profit by hoarding a large amount of grain. At the same time, he appropriately stabilized grain prices and provided relief to the people. In one fell swoop, Tao Zhugong became famous and became a golden brand again. Tao Zhugong later explained to his clerk: According to the laws of meteorology, this year should be a year of famine, and I observe the sky day and night, and God has given me a warning. In addition, according to experience, when food prices are high, people's demand for other items will decrease, and their prices will inevitably fall. On the contrary, when food prices are low, other prices will rise. It was after seeing this trend at the beginning of the year that I made the judgment that what you get is as valuable as dung, and what you get as cheap is like pearls and jade.
Fan Li pays great attention to timing, time, cycle, speed and other time-related factors when doing business. He grasps the cyclical rise and fall of commodity prices in the time dimension, buys when the price is low, and waits for the cycle and price. Sell ??during an uptrend. Time is the most important profit model in doing business today. When doing stocks, you must hold on to it and wait for the rising cycle to arrive. One day it will come. The most famous wave theory in the stock market reveals the time cycle. In principle, it has nothing to do with the quality of stock companies. . Products, industries, and companies all have life cycles, and different rules apply at different stages. For example, the corresponding price-to-earnings ratios should have different rules. For example, early-stage industries with greater room for development will usually be given a higher multiple of price-to-earnings ratios, which means they are optimistic. longer time. Macroeconomic cycles affect changes in monetary policy (especially interest rate cycles), and monetary policy more directly leads to changes in asset prices. Li Ka-shing's large asset businesses, such as the recent sale of nearly 10 billion in mainland real estate, all follow the changes in asset price cycles. Certainly. Some people say that manufacturing industry is a spatial business, that is, focusing on production capacity and market share, while financial capital is a time business. The interest rate is the time value of money, and the price-earnings ratio is how many years in the future it is purchased. In short, grasping the cycle and being on time is the best way to do business, and it does not need to be as complicated as production and sales. Cycles are ubiquitous. Fan Li found that meteorological cycles correspond to agricultural cycles and food price cycles. In the same way, other commodities or assets can also find corresponding cycles.
(1) The method of predicting agricultural abundance and failure - the "Twelve Cycle Theory". If we master this rule, we can predict the harvest and harvest situation in the future, so we can prepare early and seize the opportunity. This was the biggest business opportunity in the farming era. Of course, in order to dare to judge the accurate cycle, one needs to have specialized knowledge and rich experience, comprehensively verify many factors, and repeatedly combine it with the local environment at the time before daring to make large-scale transactions. Obviously, both Fan Li and Li Ka-shing have this ability and resources.
(2) Fan Li proposed "chasing profits with the times", which means seizing business opportunities and focusing on speed. Fan Li believes: "Those who follow the times are like putting out fires and pursuing the dead, rushing towards them for fear of being out of reach" (Mandarin Yue, part 2). "Don't be lazy when you get the time, but it will never come again. If God doesn't take it, it will lead to disaster." In one example, a fire broke out in a series of shops on Taodi Street, and several shops in Fan Li were also in danger of being burned down.
Every household was desperately trying to put out the fire or isolate their shops to prevent them from being burned down. However, Fan Li gathered people and money and rushed to nearby markets to purchase building materials before the fire was extinguished. After the fire was extinguished and the mood calmed down, and when he was about to think about how to rebuild, Fan Li's building materials had already appeared on the street, which not only alleviated the disaster but also made money. The money earned from selling the building materials was ten times that of the two stores that had been lost.
(3) Fan Li said: "Drought means boating, water means carts", "In summer, skins are needed, and in winter, water is needed." This is the classic principle of arbitrage using periodic laws. "Leading will determine all things", "therefore the sage knew the opposition of heaven and earth and prepared for it". These principles sound very common now, but when business was enlightened more than 2,000 years ago, Fan Li was the first to put forward this business principle, and he must be regarded as the originator of business sage.
(4) Fan Li proposed that "If you judge the excess or deficiency, you will know whether it is noble or inferior; if it is extremely expensive, it will be cheap, and if it is extremely cheap, it will be expensive." This means that the rise and fall of commodity prices can be judged based on market supply and demand conditions. . This is also the earliest proposed law that correlates supply and demand with price rises and falls. Fan Li observed at that time that price rises and falls were related to the scarcity or excess of commodities. In turn, prices would also affect the supply of commodities after a lag period.
(5) Fan Li expressed the view that "no one dares to be noble" and "the noble is like dung, and the cheap is like pearls and jade". High commodity prices are a precursor to a fall, so when the price of a certain commodity rises, operators have to sell it like dirt. On the contrary, when the price of a certain commodity is low, buy it in large quantities like jewels. This is a typical sales principle, which reveals the law of price operation and requires decisive shipments. Moreover, Fan Li advocated chasing 10% profit (one-tenth of the price difference), making small profits but quick turnover, and not seeking huge profits. This very humane idea is in line with the principles of integrity and justice in business in traditional Chinese thought.
(6) Fan Li put forward the theory of "waiting for lack" and "time changes things". The theory of waiting for shortage actually requires operators to stand in front of the opportunity, wait for the time, and act according to the time, just like using a net to catch fish, they must welcome it before they can catch it. Don't wait for goods, but when people are waiting, prepare goods and wait for people. Be prepared for goods that others don’t have or can’t think of. Market opportunities will always appear.
(7) Fan Li stipulates the government control rules for March 8 prices. Fan Li pointed out that "if you are sick at 20, your farmers will be sick at 90. If you are sick at the end of the year, you will not be able to make money, and if you are sick at the end of the year, you will not be able to grow grass. If the top is no more than 80, if the bottom is no less than 30, then both farmers will benefit." If the interests of businessmen are harmed, they will not deal in food commodities; if the interests of farmers are harmed, they will not develop agricultural production. If businessmen and farmers suffer at the same time, it will affect the country's fiscal revenue. The best way is for the government to control grain prices between eighty and thirty, so that farmers and businessmen can make profits at the same time. This is the earliest government regulation concept with quantitative standards, as well as the win-win concept of "both farmers and farmers benefit".
(8) Fan Li also emphasized the concept of accumulation, "The principle of accumulation is to complete things and keep money without interest. Trade things with each other. Don't keep the goods that are corrupted and eaten, and don't dare to be expensive." Meaning. Yes: Goods must be stored reasonably, capital turnover must be accelerated, goods quality must be ensured, and perishable food must not be left waiting for price increases.
Fan Li's business thoughts and practices are very rich and worthy of modern people's study and reference. Fan Li is worshiped as the "God of Wealth and Wealth" by the people. He is worthy of his name. He has hundreds of millions of assets and is as rich as any country. He is "rich and virtuous", has made a fortune three times, and has donated money to the common people through charity three times. He has good business management and superb skills. At the same time, he also taught how to get rich, leaving behind business theories and valuable experiences such as "Fan Zi Ji Ran" and "Tao Zhu Gong's Business Training". In ancient times, business people used to hang plaques saying "Tao Zhu's career, Duanmu's career", which means following the example of Tao Zhugong, the Shang sage, to start a business career.
Fan Li's life is an outstanding representative of the dynamic culture of hundreds of schools of thought in the Spring and Autumn Period of my country. There is a poem that says:
Wu Yue Gong in the Spring and Autumn Period,
Fan Lizhou in the rivers and lakes,
Tao Zhujia the world,
Business training is handed down from generation to generation.
Attachment: Shang Sheng Tao Zhu Gong's "Three Strategies and Three Strategies" in doing business
1. "Three Strategies":
"Human Strategies"
Employing people must be upright, and loyalty and treachery determine success and failure.
Be cautious in important matters, otherwise you may suffer great harm.
Be cautious about being impatient with others, and you will rarely trade if you are impatient.
Be calm and impetuous.
Be kind in your words and deeds, and being kind can generate wealth.
Be diligent in doing things, and waste everything in vain if you are lazy.
"Scheme"
It is advisable to be frugal in spending money, but extravagant wealth will be lost.
The workmanship should be fine, rough work will lead to inferior products.
The delivery date must be accurate, carelessness will ruin your credibility.
Transactions must be done quickly, and delays will lead to missed opportunities.
Be strict when buying goods, and the price will be reduced if you buy goods indiscriminately.
Cashiers should be careful, there are many mistakes in scrawling.
"Material Strategy"
It is necessary to clarify the pros and cons, as confusion will cause great losses.
The stored items must be organized, and it is difficult to keep track of them if they are scattered.
The price should be clear, and vagueness will lead to disputes.
Credit needs to be reviewed, and excess money will be lost.
The accounts must be clear, otherwise confusion will lead to disadvantages.
Be diligent in checking accounts; slacking off will delay the principal.
2. "Three Strategies":
"Goods Strategies", "Price Strategies", and "Market Strategies"
Accumulate principles and complete things , judging high and low, interest-free coins.
The "Three Strategies" mentioned by Fan Li are the principles of gathering wealth. He summarized them into three points: finishing things, judging the high and low, and paying interest-free coins. This means that the quality of the goods must be perfect, the law of price changes must be paid attention to, and the flow of money must not be stopped. Purchasing goods is the core of "Huo Lue". He said: "Trade with goods, and don't keep the goods that are corrupted and eaten. No one dares to live in high places."
The evaluation of high and low is the core of "Price Lue" , the price issue is quite complex.
Fan Li mainly emphasized:
"If you have more than enough, you will be noble or inferior. If you are noble at the highest level, you will be humble, and if you are humble at the lowest level, you will be noble. The noble ones are like dung, and the cheap ones are like pearls and jade. "
The price principle mentioned by Fan Li is the surplus and deficiency of goods supply and demand; he pointed out the law that extreme things must reverse themselves in price changes,
"What is expensive is like dung, and what is cheap is like dirt. "Pearls and jade" is Fan Li's famous saying in business.
"City Strategy" talks about capital operation strategies. Fan Li's "interest-free currency" means that goods and funds must be circulated and circulated continuously. He said, in this way, "the currency will flow like flowing water." The currency is money, and money is spring. The way of great business!
"Tao Zhugong's Eighteen Laws of Doing Business"?
In business, you must be diligent and don't be lazy, otherwise everything will be wasted if you are lazy. Be gentle in your acceptance and don't be irritable. If you are irritable, you will have fewer transactions.
The price should be clearly stated and should not be vague. If there is ambiguity, there will be more disputes. Accounts must be audited, and do not slack off. If you slack off, capital will stagnate.
The goods should be organized and not scattered. If they are scattered, it will be difficult to check. Cashiers should be careful and don't be careless. Carelessness will lead to many mistakes.
Be responsible when things happen, and don’t let things go. If you let things go, you will suffer big consequences. Be frugal in your expenses and avoid extravagance, as extravagance will lead to depletion of money.
Buy and sell at any time, do not delay, otherwise you will lose the opportunity. When using credit, you need to know the person well and don't overuse it, otherwise you will lose all your money.
It is necessary to distinguish the advantages and disadvantages, and do not confuse them. Confusion will lead to high consumption. Employers should be upright and not skewed, otherwise it will be difficult to entrust them to others.
The goods must be inspected in person, and do not import them indiscriminately, otherwise the quality and price will be low. Money accounts must be clear and do not be confused. Being confused will lead to harm.
The main intention should be calm and do not act rashly, as rash actions will lead to many mistakes. Work carefully and don't be rough, as roughness will lead to inferior products.
Speak politely and don’t be impetuous. Impetuousness will lead to many troubles.
Tao Zhu’s five-character business motto: heaven, earth, humans, gods, and ghosts.
Heaven: for innate wisdom, the foundation of doing business;
Earth: for acquired cultivation, relying on integrity;
Human: for benevolence and righteousness, knowing choices and trade-offs , emphasizing that "a gentleman loves talent and acquires it in a proper way";
God: for being brave and strong, courageous in encountering difficulties, daring to venture into things;
Ghost: for scheming, quick-witted tactics, He can "turn his hands to become clouds and turn his hands to become rain".