[Method Guidance]

The main idea of ??an article is expressed through specific, typical, and novel materials. Therefore, explore the text and look for patterns, Able to grasp the main idea quickly. How to find the main theme of a narrative?

1. Capture key sentences.

Key sentences in the text are sentences that reveal or imply the main idea of ??the article. The key sentences of the article are the key words of the article, the key points of the article, the philosophical aphorisms, the repetitive repetitions, the argumentative and lyrical sentences that express the views and emotions.

1. Wenyan: the eye of the article. It is the key to understanding the main idea. For example, in Mao Dun's "Praise to the Poplar": "The poplar tree is really extraordinary, I praise the poplar tree!", and in Gorky's "Petrel" "Let the storm come more violently!" are all.

2. Aphorism: a sentence that gives inspiration. Firstly, the aphorisms are profound and timeless in meaning, and secondly, the words are concise and concise. For example, in Tian Xiaofei's "The Encounter of Thirteen", "No matter how the scenery on both sides of the river changes, there are always boat passengers on the river who are eager to embrace the future, and there are hard-working helmsmen and boatmen passed down from generation to generation." etc.

3. Dudu: also called repeated use and repetition. That is, sentences that appear repeatedly. In order to emphasize a certain meaning or emotion, some articles often make a certain sentence appear several times in the text, which effectively reveals the main idea. For example, in Zhu Ziqing's "Back", there are three sentences in which the author shed tears when he saw his back: "At this time I saw his back, and my tears flowed down quickly." "Waiting for his back to blend in with the people coming and going; I couldn't find it anymore, so I came in and sat down, and my tears came again. "As I read this, in the glistening tears, I saw the back of the fat green cloth cotton robe and black cloth mandarin again." /p>

4. Discussion and lyrical sentences.

Argumentative sentences play a role in clarifying the topic and deepening the theme in the narrative. Lyrical sentences generally express the author's emotions in the article, and the author's emotions are often consistent with the main theme of the article. In narratives, especially fables, there are often some argumentative and lyrical sentences that focus on expressing the author's intentions. Therefore, arguments and lyrical sentences are often the main theme. For example, at the end of the article "Urban Elf", there is a discussion about whether there are birds, fish, and beasts in a city, which profoundly reminds the center of the article and is the finishing touch. In Wei Wei's "My Teacher", it is written that Mr. Cai criticized the "opposition" and also wrote a letter to comfort me. What follows is a philosophical expression that reveals the theme: "A teacher excludes one thing from the world of children. A small dispute is so ordinary; but in retrospect, I feel that it gave me great support! In the eyes of a child, his teacher is so kind, so fair, and such a great person. " The expression of these words expresses the author's strong love for teachers and sublimates the relationship between teachers and students.

2. Explore the structure.

1. Explore the title: The title is an integral part of the article. It is the "eyeball" and can "express the spirit". It is the embodiment of the main idea and plays the role of guiding the whole text. The central idea of ??some articles is concentrated in the title, such as Chekhov's "Chameleon". The title vividly hints at the center.

2. Explore the beginning and end: The beginning of the article is the prologue to the whole article, which serves as an outline and lead. Many articles have clear beginnings, and the beginning directly reminds the center of the article. For example, Mao Dun's "Praise to Poplar" begins: "The poplar tree" It’s really extraordinary, I praise the poplar tree.” Straight to the heart, straight to the center, you can grasp the main idea of ??the article by reading this beginning. The end of an article often plays the finishing touch. Many authors put the main idea at the end of the article. The most common one is to express one's ambitions and point out the main purpose. For example, the lyrical discussion in the last paragraph of Gorky's "Childhood Friends" expresses "my" gratitude to my grandmother, writes about the great influence and significance of my grandmother on my life, and points out the main theme. The last three paragraphs of Zhu Ziqing's "Spring" praise the vigorous vitality of spring and emphasize its "newness", "beauty" and "power". They summarize the meaning of the five spring landscapes mentioned above and highlight the center. Xiao Qian's "Jujube Core" ends: "Changing nationality does not mean changing national sentiments, and no nation is as attached to its homeland as we are." The finishing touch and the main point.

3. Explore responses.

Anaphora, also called echo, can make the structure of the article rigorous, highlight the center, and make it easy to grasp the main idea. For example, in "Praise to the Poplar", the author repeatedly sings about the "extraordinary" poplar tree. Song Jingmeng's "Liu Ye'er" begins with "Liu Ye'er saved my life" and ends with "...and, I want to tell people that it tastes bitter and slightly astringent, but it can save people. If you have nothing to eat, it will Let you live." Echoes from beginning to end, once again expressing the special feelings for Liu Ye'er and clarifying the theme.

4. Explore transitional sentences.

The role of transitional sentences in the article is like a bridge, like a tenon, also called a tenon sentence. It connects various parts of the article into a whole, thus leading the reader to understand the content and explore the main idea. For example, paragraph 9 of Lu Xun's "From Baicao Garden to Sanwei Bookstore":

I don't know why my family sent me to a book school, and it is also known as the most severe school in the city. book school. Maybe it was because he destroyed the mud wall by pulling out polygonum multiflorum, maybe because he threw the bricks to the Liang family in the next room, maybe because he jumped down from the stone well railing,... there is no way of knowing. In short: I won’t be able to go to Baicao Garden very often.

Ade, my crickets! Ade, my raspberries and magnolias! ...

This paragraph is the transitional paragraph of the full text. By grasping this transitional sentence, we can see that the context is connected with the author's elegance and affection for Baicao Garden and his subsequent life in Sanwei Bookstore. The contrasting aspect, so the main idea is grasped.

3. Mining the text

1. Find the key paragraphs. On the basis of overall grasping the content of the article, finding the important paragraphs of the article and reflecting the main theme of the article are the main materials for the specific description of the article. The detailed part of an article is often the key paragraph, which best expresses the main idea of ??the article. For example, Wei Wei's "My Teacher" details the teacher's efforts to eliminate our minor disputes, highlights the teacher's "just" and "loving" characteristics, and expresses the core of "my respect and love for the teacher." The main theme of a narrative is often closely related to the main characters and events in the text. Grasping the key paragraphs and trying to figure out the characters or events in them can help you better grasp the main idea of ??the article. For example, from Lu Xun's "From Baicao Garden to Sanwei Bookstore", if you try to figure out the author's description of life in "Baicao Garden" and "Sanwei Bookstore", you can find the main purpose of the article: to express children's love for nature and the pursuit of a free and happy life. It perfectly reproduces several aspects of private school education.

2. Analyze the materials. When writing about people, we should start by analyzing the characters, starting from "people" and "righteousness". For example: Wei Wei's "My Teacher" expresses Teacher Wei's love for "me" and his classmates through the narrative description of seven events from inside class to outside class, from daily life to holidays, and expresses his nostalgia and gratitude for the teacher. Articles about events start with the analysis of events, starting from "things" and "reasons". It is to analyze and understand the principles it illustrates through the events described in the article. For example, Cheng Hai's "Three Wolfberry Beans" uses three wolfberry beans to describe the lessons that my uncle left me in his life, and the inspiration that the three wolfberry beans have for "me". Yu Yi's "Past Things Yiyi" is to express the author's love for nature, love for life and love for the motherland by recalling past events such as looking at landscape paintings, talking about "Water Margin", listening to Chinese classes, climbing Beigu Tower, reading Chinese and foreign novels, etc. The deep affection tells young people to read more, read good books, understand the principles of life, and be a person with noble interests. The main themes of some articles are expressed through the characters' language. For example, the main theme of Qin Wenjun's "The Cells of Great Men" is to use his father's words "How can people who don't do small things do big things!" to reveal the main purpose of the article. Articles about scenery should start from analyzing the situation, starting from "scenery" and "emotion". "All scenery language is love language." Understand what kind of scenery the article is about and what kind of emotion it expresses, so as to figure out the main idea. For example, Mao Dun's "Praise to the Poplar" praises the "spirit and will" of the soldiers and civilians in the anti-Japanese base areas and the Chinese nation by describing and praising the "extraordinary" poplar trees.