What Fan Zeng said after analyzing the world situation when lobbying Xiang Liang reflected the popular support at that time. He believed that although Qin destroyed the six kingdoms, the people of the world did not obey, especially the people of Chu, who had an undying hatred for Qin. Because the Xiang family has been generals of the Chu State for generations, if troops are raised in Jiangdong, the Chu generals will definitely compete for attachment. Therefore, there were prophecies that predicted the demise of Qin that were popular in the Chu region at that time. This also shows the hatred and resistance of the Chu people towards Qin. In the later period of Qin's rule, corvees were frequent, taxes were heavy, and laws were cruel, which laid the foundation for its demise. The subsequent Battle of Julu indeed accelerated Qin's demise.
The three households in "Although Chu has three households, if Qin is destroyed, Chu will definitely die" refers to the three surnames of Chu State, Qu, Jing, and Zhao. At the same time, it shows the determination and belief of the survivors of the Chu State to overthrow the violent Qin, and also shows that the Chu State was brewing an uprising at that time. For this purpose, it had accumulated a certain amount of strength, and was stronger than the survivors of the other five countries.
The Chu State was founded by Xiang Liang, and he always regarded himself as the leader of Chen Sheng. In the State of Zhao, Wu Chen was first king, and was later succeeded by Zhao Xie. Wu Chen was originally a general under Chen Sheng. After the Zhao territory was briefly settled, he was encouraged by his subordinates Zhang Er and Chen Yu to establish his own empire. After Wu Chen died, Zhang and Chen took over his old troops. Make Zhao Xie king. The State of Yan was founded by Han Guang; Han Guang was also a former military general, and there was no doubt that he was originally subordinate to Chen Sheng. The State of Wei was first established by Wei Jiu and later by Wei Bao. Chen Sheng's troops conquered the Wei territory and restored the city of Zhou. Wei Jiu was also entrusted with the title of Chen Sheng. After Wei Jiu was defeated and died, his younger brother Wei Bao conquered Chu. Zhizhu succeeded him as king. South Korea, established by Xiang Liang, became the king, but there was no land to establish a country. Later, when Liu Bang marched westward and destroyed Qin, he conquered the old Han land and established a country with it.
The three tribes of "Zhao", "Qu" and "Jing" are all branches of the Chu royal family. Many of the famous ministers and high-ranking officials of the Chu State during the Warring States Period were from these three tribes.
In the Spring and Autumn Period, Xia, the son of King Wu of Chu, was appointed to Mo Ao. King Wu of Chu granted Xia the title of Qudi, and regarded Qu as Xia's food-gathering town, so it was called Quxia in history. The descendants of Qu Xia were named after their fiefdom, and were called the Qu family.
Zhaoxi shirt. Ling Yin, King Xuan of Chu (see Chapters 3 to 9 and 12 of "Warring States Policy: Chu Ce Yi", "Han Feizi Nei Chu Shuo Xia" and other ancient books, also known as "Zhaozi").
Zhaoyu (or "Zhaoxian", "fish" or "yu", in ancient times, it may come from 虍, from fish, from 洙, which is similar in shape to "Xian"). Ling Yin, King Huai of Chu (see Chapter 6 of "Warring States Policy·Eastern Zhou Dynasty", Chapter 3 of "Chu Policy 4", Chapter 14 of "Wei Policy 2", Chapters 9 and 12 of "Han Ce 1", "Han Ce 1") Strategy 2 Chapter 2).
Zhaoyang (or "Zhaoyang"). He successively served as Sima and Ling Yin, King Huai of Chu (see Chapter 13 of "Warring States Ce·Qin Ce Yi", Chapter 5 of "Qi Ce Yi", Chapter 4 of "Qi Ce II", and Chapter 2 of "Chu Ce Yi"). , Chapter 7 of "Chu Ce III", Chapter 5 of "Han Ce II", also known as "Zhao Zi").
Zhao Ju. Officials of King Huai of Chu (see Chapter 19 of "Warring States Policy: Chu Ce I", Chapters 2 to 4 of "Chu Ce II", Chapter 5 of "Chu Ce III"). Case: Bao Ben wrote "Zhao Guo", "Han Shu Ancient and Modern Ren Biao" has "Zhao Ting", Liang Yusheng's "Ancient and Modern Ren Biao Kao" says: "In the case "National Policy", there are many Chu Zhao family members, but they have not heard of the court. It is suspected that the king's good minister Zhao Gai has failed."
Zhao Gai. Officials of King Huai of Chu (see Chapter 7 of "Warring States Policy·Chu Policy IV").
Zhao Jian. Officials of King Huai of Chu (see Chapter 27 of "Warring States Policy·Eastern Zhou Dynasty").
Zhaoying. Officials of King Huai of Chu (see Chapter 4 of "Warring States Policy·Western Zhou Dynasty" and Chapter 16 of "Zhao Policy 4").
Zhao Shu. King Wan Gong of Chu Huai (see Chapter 3 of "Warring States Policy: Chu Ce II").
Zhaochang. Sima, King of Chu Qingxiang (see Chapter 8 of "Warring States Policy: Chu Ce II").
Qu Yijiu. Officials of the kings of Chuwei (see "Chronology of the Six Kingdoms" and "The Family of Han" in "Historical Records").
Qu Yuan. Zuo Tu, King Huai of Chu, and the official Sanlu (see the previous section).
Qu Gai (also known as "Qu Gai").
General Chu Huaiwang (see Chapter 14 of "Warring States Policy: Qin Policy II", "Qin Benji", "Chronology of the Six Kingdoms", "Chu Family", "Han Family", "Tian Jingzhong Wan" in "Historical Records" Family", "Biography of Zhang Yi", "Biography of Chuilizi Ganmao", "Biography of Qu Yuan Jia Sheng").
Qu Shu. Officials of King Huai of Chu (see Chapter 7 of "Warring States Policy·Chu Policy IV").
View House. The general of King Xuan of Chu is suspected to be King Xuan Sima (see Chapter 5 of "Warring States Policy·Chu Ce 1").
Jingcui. General King Huai of Chu (see Chapter 2 of "Warring States Policy: Eastern Zhou Policy" and Chapter 2 of "Chu Policy II").
King carp. General King Huai of Chu (see Chapters 6 and 7 of "Warring States Policy: Qin Policy 4", Chapter 1 of "Qi Ce 3", Chapters 2 and 8 of "Chu Ce 2", Chapter 20 of "Han Ce 1", "Han Ce II" Chapter 19).
Jingyang. General Wang Qingxiang of Chu (see Chapter 1 of "Warring States Policy·Yan Policy Three").
Scenery difference. A minister of King Qingxiang of Chu, he was a famous critic and fu master (see "Historical Records: Biography of Qu Yuan and Jia Sheng"). Case: "Book of Han·Biao of Ancient and Modern People" was written as "Jing Ying".
As we all know, Chen Sheng and his 900 companions were exiled to Yuyang. When they were caught in the rain in Daze Township, they were all killed according to Qin law. Chen Sheng and Wu Guang launched the first peasant uprising in Chinese history. . Just under the surface of this fact, there is a long-ignored ambition to subjugate Qin. Given the situation of Chen Sheng and others, rebelling against Qin was not the only option. A more common option in similar situations would be to flee. This is what Liu Bang did. The dissatisfied elements Ting Bu and Peng Yue did the same thing. Even on the eve of the uprising by Chen Sheng and others, Wu Guang deliberately threatened to flee in order to stimulate the accompanying imperial officers and mobilize his companions. All these showed that "escape" was the most desirable strategy at that time, but Chen Sheng, who was determined to subjugate Qin, never thought of this. In the brewing stage of the uprising, Chen Sheng focused on the plan of "destroying the country"; after the uprising, he even encouraged his troops with the battle declaration of "A strong man will not die until he dies, and he will become famous if he dies. Princes, generals, and generals will be willing to live in peace". Direct war against the rulers. This fighting spirit is most fully reflected in the struggle experience of Chen Sheng's troops. From then on, Chen Sheng's core troops always continued to attack the Qin Dynasty with a momentum of succeeding one after another, determined to destroy Qin and then quickly.
Many of Chen Sheng's strategic moves are not blameless, but his fighting spirit of disregarding all odds and only attacking Qin vividly demonstrated his determination to destroy Qin. In addition to attacking the center of Qin's rule, Chen Sheng's tribe also expanded in all directions with Chen as the center, so that it can be said that the anti-Qin flames throughout the country were almost all the seeds sown by Chen Sheng.
After Chen Sheng's death, the anti-Qin war took a turn for the worse. The Qin army led by Zhang Han was invincible with Lien Zhan and Lianjie, and the great cause of anti-Qin was about to be ruined. On this occasion, Xiang Liang, a native of Chu, accepted Chen Sheng's seal and led his troops across the Huaihe River, and incorporated Chen Ying, Qing Bu, Lu Chen, Liu Bang and other armies. In order to show that he was Chen Sheng's orthodoxy, Xiang Liang killed the Jingju tribe of Qin Jia, who was known as the king of Chu, and established Sun Xin, the king of Chu Huai, as the king of Chu Huai. At that time, Chu's power was much inferior to that of Chen Sheng's heyday, but under the leadership of Xiang Liang, he actively sought to fight the main force of the Qin army. Soon, the Qin army was defeated in Dong'a, Chengyang, Puyang, Yongqiu and other places, defeating the Qin army's arrogance. Due to the unstoppable momentum since his departure, Xiang Liang developed the paralysis thought of underestimating the enemy and was defeated and killed by the reinforced Qin army. King Huai of Chu gathered the troops of Xiang Yu, Liu Bang, and Lu Chen and redeployed them to fight against Qin. At that time, Zhang Han, the commander-in-chief of the Qin army, thought that since Xiang Liang was defeated, Chu had nothing to worry about, so he moved his army to attack Zhao. As a result, Julu in Zhao State became the main battlefield in the war against Qin. After Xiang Liang's defeat, Chu's power was greatly weakened. Despite this, King Chu Huai still drove the overwhelming troops to the battlefield of the decisive battle with Qin: the main force of the Chu army was led by Song Yi to Zhao Chi for reinforcements, and the other branch was led by Liu Bang to the west to attack Qin. Judging from this move, Sima Qian was very far-sighted in putting Chen Sheng's career in place until Xiang Liang established Chu Huai's heart. This also fully proves that the Chu established by the Xiang family is indeed the legal basis of Chen Sheng's spirit and career. It was this decision of having the king's heart that officially marked the beginning of the destruction of Qin. Originally Xiang Yu planned to march westward with Liu Bang to destroy Qin and avenge Qin for killing his uncle Xiang Liang, but King Huai refused. Xiang Yu was appointed as Song Yi's deputy and accompanied the army to rescue Zhao.
Tian Rong was besieged by the Qin army in Dong'a. Xiang Liang led the Chu army to defeat Qin in Dong'a and rescued Tian Rong. However, Tian Rong did not join forces with Chu to pursue the retreating Qin army. Instead, he returned to Qi and drove away Tian Jia and others. When Xiang Liang sent envoys to urge Qi to send troops to attack Qin, Tian Rong actually proposed that Chu and Zhao should first kill Tian Jia and others who had fled to each other. After this unreasonable request was rejected, Tian Rong also refused to send troops to attack Qin. From then on, Qi State did nothing in the great cause of anti-Qin. The Qi army of Tian An who entered the Pass with Chu in the future was probably the Tianjia clan who was accommodated by Chu and Zhao. It has nothing to do with Tian Rong; Tian Rong's general Tian Du also rebelled against Qi and attached himself to Chu, and then entered Qin.
After the anti-Qin storm initiated by Chen Sheng swept the world for more than a year, Peng Yue was not in a hurry to start an uprising. He refused to accept any requests from his subordinates for an uprising, saying "we will wait for a while". After raising his army, Peng Yue only wanted to expand his power and did not actively participate in the decisive battle against Qin. During Liu Bang's westward march, Peng Yue helped him halfway. When Liu Bang headed westward, Peng Yue drifted aside and did nothing more. The cases of Qi State and Peng Yue may reflect the behavioral trends of anti-Qin armed forces outside Chu at that time. It is not difficult to imagine that their role in the subjugation of Qin was quite limited.
Due to some chance, they gained a certain amount of power and territory, and then they neglected their original anti-Qin cause and tried to make the territory their king; then they devoted all or most of their energy to their own small world. in the midst of operations. Various behaviors that are inconsistent with the anti-Qin cause, such as timidity, worrying about gains and losses, and bargaining, which appear repeatedly in historical records, all originate from this. In comparison, Xiang Yu and Liu Bang who were armed by the Chu State, as well as Chen Sheng's subordinates, Zhou Wen, Song Liu and others before them, all had very similar opportunities, but they did not create their own small world. Try to break it down by Liu and Xiang. When Liu Bang went westward, he recovered a large area of ??rivers and mountains in the old Wei and Han. There were many talents in the army, and his conditions were better than those of Zhao, Yan, Qi and other countries; Xiang Yu saved Zhao. At that time, he was far away from the mainland and controlled most of the Chu State's troops. After winning the rescue of Zhao, his prestige was at the height of his power. If Liu and Xiang wanted to separatist regimes, it would be extremely convenient. But neither of them did this, and they still devoted themselves wholeheartedly to destroying Qin. At a time when the desire for separatism was rampant and short-sighted behavior was rampant, the only explanation why Liu Xiang and Liu Xiang did not respect themselves could only be the strong belief unique to the Chu people in subjugating Qin.
In short, in this great cause of the overthrow of the Qin Dynasty, the people involved must have contributed differently. From the above analysis, it is not difficult to see the unparalleled role of Chu in this huge historical turning point. If we want to properly evaluate the individuals who have made outstanding contributions to it, we can conclude that no one else can compare with Chen, Liu, and Xiang. In this sense, the prophecy "Although Chu has three households, Chu will surely destroy Qin" is no longer a penetrating prediction. It is not only a condensed summary of this period of history, but also provides future generations with an accurate understanding of this period of history. The most concise and clear formula.
Since the founding of the Chu State, its guiding ideology has been very clear, which is to continuously encroach on the surrounding small countries, expand its territory, strengthen its roots, and go north to fight for hegemony if it is strong enough. In history, Chu and Jin fought for hegemony, and Chu and Wu fought for hegemony. Chu State has never stopped fighting for hegemony, and its dream of hegemony has never disappeared. However, it has a fatal weakness, that is, it is only satisfied with annexing small countries, defeating big countries, and gaining the position of hegemony. It has never thought about destroying big countries and unifying the world. People often blame King Huai for not understanding the situation and not uniting Qi to resist Qin. Later, King Xiang of Chu even ignored the hatred of killing his father and reconciled with Qin. The key is that the monarchs of Chu still regarded the Warring States period as the Spring and Autumn Period and did what they did. The overlord's dream, coupled with the historical friendly relationship with Qin, never thought of working hard, getting rid of bad policies, reforming laws and innovating, and unifying the world.
Wu Qi was brought from Wei to promote his reform, and Qu Yuan, a reformist, was born internally. Confucius also served as an official in Chu, Lian Po also lived in Chu for the rest of his life, and Tian Ji and Sun Bin also squeezed out their desires because of Zou Ji. When he showed his talents to Chu, Li Si was also from Chu, and even Zhang Yi, Chu's great enemy, originally wanted to display his ambitions as an official in Chu. Later, he fled to Qin because he was humiliated by Chu, and came back to take revenge on Chu. However, these talents Chu Jun did not However, the conservative nobles slandered and excluded them for their own interests, and eventually these talents fell into other families; God also favored Chu, and gave her a vast and fertile land, hard-working and brave people, abundant talents, and a developed bronze nation. The most powerful and sophisticated weapons and equipment created by technology at the time. Chu absorbed the advanced sword-making technology of Wu and Yue, and the Chu swords were the most unearthed and the most refined. The Chu army wore rhino armor made of rhinoceros skin, and the crossbow was also the first invention of Chu to equip the army. Qin collected weapons from all over the world and destroyed most of them, leaving only a small number of Chu-made weapons and equipment for the Qin army to continue to use. It is very likely that the swords held by the Qin terracotta warriors and horses were made by the Chu state; historical records state that the spears produced by Chu were "as miserable as "Bees flock", yet they are perishing under the leadership of an incompetent monarch who is dominated by backward ideas. Isn't it sad!
It is unlikely to refer to a place name and does not match the original meaning.
Sanhu City, the name of the ancient city, is located in the southwest of Xichuan County, Henan Province. Some experts believe that the original site is near Liujiaquan Village, Dashiqiao Township, Xichuan County today. In 491 BC, Jin commanded the barbarians to support Chu troops in the city. In the late Warring States period, it belonged to the Qin State, so Sanhu Pavilion was renamed Sanhu Pavilion, which belonged to Shang Yuyi. In the fourth year of Yanxi of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Emperor Huan Liu Zhi named Liu Bo, the son of "King of Hejian" Liu Kai and "Marquis of Sanhu Ting", as "King of Rencheng". Let him serve as Liu Shang's temple sacrifice. Liu Bo died after 13 years of reigning. He had no children after his death, and the "Rencheng Kingdom" once again lost its king.
Dissatisfaction with oneself is one of the fundamental characteristics of any truly talented person. -Chekhov
The mind sho