1. The original text and translation of the classical Chinese text "Abstaining from Extravagance and Advocating Thrift"

Original text:

A person who is extravagant is rich but lacks, so how can a frugal person be poor but have more than enough; a person who is capable works hard and Cultural and educational resentment, how can a clumsy person escape and be completely true?

Translation:

How can a person who is extravagant and extravagant feel that no matter how much wealth he has, it is not enough, compared with a person who is poor but lives a frugal and contented life? There is no better way to incur public resentment because of physical and mental exhaustion than to a clumsy person who can maintain his pure nature because he has nothing to do.

Notes:

Work hard and complain about the whole body. Yierquanzhen: leisurely and able to preserve one's nature, originally a Taoist term, because Taoists call perfect people real people.

Appreciation:

Everything is relative. Not looking at things from a relative point of view will often lead to absolutes and fix things. Money is indispensable to modern life, but treating it as everything in life goes to the extreme. A person who lives a luxurious life, no matter how much property he has, will end up squandering it all. On the surface, he seems to be very happy, but in fact, he often feels dissatisfied in his heart, because the more property he has, the stronger his desires. It can be seen that people's desires are always unsatisfied. The ditch is straightened. On the other hand, a person who lives a frugal life usually lives within their means. Although they are not rich, they never feel insufficient in terms of money. Therefore, they have no extravagant desires and live a very happy life peacefully. You must have a sense of contentment in life and pay attention to methods in work. You can't just do everything yourself and do everything yourself just because you have many talents. As a result, you may incur resentment and fail to get things done. For ordinary people, working hard according to their ability may suppress the talents of others and prevent others from expressing themselves. If you are a person in power, your ability should not be reflected in how you act personally, but in how you organize and manage so that everyone can Show what you can do. Moreover, any contradiction arises because things are done and the situation is revived, and contradictions begin to appear; when there is a pool of stagnant water, people's minds are relatively stable. Then whoever does who becomes the center of conflict, what's the point of not gathering resentment? Of course, those who are idle will have time to make comments if they stay on the outside. Therefore, ability is relative, and whether one's ability can accommodate everyone's ability. You should look and think before doing anything. 2. Quickly seek the translation of the classical Chinese text "Zhen Bin Returns the Money"

Zhen Bin tried to pledge money with a bunch of ramie in the west bank of Changsha, Jingzhou. Later, he redeemed the ramie and found five taels of gold in the bundle, which he wrapped in a handkerchief. Bin got the gold and returned it to Xiku. The Taoist was shocked and said: "I offered someone money in gold, but I didn't record it at that time. You can see your return, but I'm afraid it has never happened before." He often offered half of the gold as payment, and went back and forth for more than ten times, but he refused. Empress Bin served as Pi Ling and resigned from Taizu. At that time, there were five people in the same group who gave instructions to be honest and prudent. As for Bin, he said alone: ??"You have the beauty of returning gold, so I no longer give this warning."

[Translation]

Zhen Bin once took a bunch of ramie Changsha Xiku mortgage money. Later, when I redeemed this bunch of ramie. Five ounces of gold was found in the ramie. When Zhen Bin got the gold, he returned it to Xiku. The person in charge of the pawn was very surprised and said: "Someone used gold to pledge money before, but they didn't record it in a hurry. You can turn bad. I'm afraid this kind of behavior has never happened since ancient times." Just use half of it. I thanked him for the gold and gave it to him more than ten times, but refused to accept it. Zhen Bin later served as the magistrate of Pi County. Farewell to Taizu, there were five people who took office together at that time. The emperor warned them to be honest and prudent. It's Zhen Bin's turn. Emperor Wu said to him alone: ??"You have a good character in returning gold. So I will not use this to tell you anymore." 3. Who can give me some famous aphorisms in classical Chinese, or ancient texts with warning and motivation

Be worried about the worries of the world first, and be happy after the joys of the world

There are roads in the mountains of books, and diligence is the path, and there is no limit to the sea of ??learning, and hard work is the boat.

If a young man does not work hard, the old man will be miserable.

(Encouragement to Learn) Yan Zhenqing The lights are on at three o'clock and the chickens are on at five o'clock. It is the time for men to study. Black-haired people don't know how to study diligently early, and white-haired people regret studying late.

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1. It is like discussing and discussing, and it is like polishing. 2. Those who speak are not guilty, but those who hear are warned. 3. Stones from other mountains can attack jade. 4. Give me a peach and repay me with a plum.

5. Nothing has a beginning, nothing has an end. 6. I take a long breath to cover my tears, lamenting the difficulties of people's lives. 7. The road is long and long, and I will search up and down. 8. I cannot change my mind and follow the vulgar ways, otherwise I will be miserable and end up poor. 9. A ruler is shorter and an inch is longer. 10. I have a good heart, and even though I died nine times, I still have no regrets. 11. The music is high and the harmony is low. 12. If you are full of damage, accept it with humility. 13. If you want to inflict a crime, there is no reason to hesitate. 14. People are not sages, how can they have no faults? If you can change your past, there is no greater good. 15. The auxiliary cars are dependent on each other, and the lips are dead and the teeth are cold. 16. The strength of the warrior restrains the various lands, but the woman is temporarily exempted from the lands. 17. Never forget the past and be the teacher of the future. 18. It is not too late to mend the situation. 19. Know yourself and the enemy, and you can fight a hundred battles without danger. 20.A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. 21. Misfortune lies where blessings depend, and blessing lies where misfortune lies. 22. The sky net is vast, sparse but not leaking. 23. He who knows others is wise, and he who knows himself 24. Birds of a feather flock together, and people flock together. 25. If a worker wants to do his job well, he must first sharpen his tools. 26. Those who have gone by cannot be admonished, but those who have come can still be pursued. 27. Don’t do to others what you don’t want others to do to you. 28. The three armies can seize the commander, but an ordinary man cannot seize the will. 29. If you learn without thinking, you will be in vain; if you think without learning, you will be in danger. 30. Never tire of learning and teaching. 31. A gentleman is magnanimous, but a villain is always worried. 32. If a person has no long-term worries, he must have immediate worries. 33. Be true to your words and bear fruit in your actions. 34. When making friends, keep your word. 35. If something is wrong, correct it; if not, then encourage it. 36. Is it tolerable, but which one is intolerable? 37. I am sensitive and eager to learn, and I am not ashamed to ask questions. 38. My life has an end, but my knowledge has no end.

39. It takes ten years to grow trees and a hundred years to cultivate people. 4O. If oranges grow in the south of the Huaihe River, they become oranges; if they grow in the north, they become oranges. 41. If you are rich, you can help the world; if you are poor, you can only take care of yourself. 42. Old people are like old people, and people are old; young people are like young people, and people are young. 43. The weather is not as good as the right place, and the good place is not as good as the people. 44. The people are the most important, the country is the second most important, and the king is the most important. 45. Those who have attained the right will receive much help, while those who have lost the right will receive little help. 46. ??Born in advantages and disadvantages, died in peace and happiness. 47. Wealth and honor cannot be immoral, poverty and lowliness cannot be moved, and power cannot be subdued. 48. It is better to have no books than to believe in books. 49. Life is what I want; righteousness is also what I want; you cannot have both, and you have to sacrifice life for righteousness. 4. Classical Chinese translation online, etc.

The original text of "Hanshu·Zhu Yun Zhuan": "When he became emperor, the Prime Minister Zhang Yu, the Marquis of Anchang, advanced to the position of emperor and tutor, and respected him very much.

Gu Huai He ordered Zhu Yun to submit a letter to ask for an audience. The minister was in front of him and said: "Now the ministers of the imperial court cannot help the emperor, and they are all dead in order to benefit the people... I would like to give Shang Fang a horse-killing sword to kill the traitor.

'The superior asked: 'Who is it?' The reply was: 'Anchang Hou Zhang Yu'. p> "The censor will go down the clouds, and the clouds will climb over the threshold of the palace, and the sill will break." Yun shouted: "I can go down from Long Pang and Bigan to swim underground. I don't know how the imperial court will be like." After leaving, General Xin Qingji of the left took off his hat, removed his seal and ribbon, kowtowed to His Highness and said: "This minister has always been arrogant and upright in the world. If he says what is right, he cannot be punished; if he says wrong, he should be tolerated."

I dare to fight to the death. "Qingji Ji kowtows and bleeds. The superior will explain it, and then it will be done.

Later, when it comes to treating the threshold, it is said: 'Don't make it easy! So I compiled it to serve as a warning to my direct ministers.'" Translated when Emperor Cheng of the Western Han Dynasty, Minister Zhang Yu was appointed prime minister because he had been the teacher of Emperor Cheng, and was granted the title of Marquis of Anchang.

Zhang Yu served as prime minister for six years. After he abdicated in old age, Emperor Cheng still respected him very much and gave him the title of "Tejin" (equivalent to the current special adviser). If there are important matters, Zhang Yu is still invited to participate in the discussion. Zhang Yu took advantage of this power to seek personal gain for himself.

Officials and people wrote letters one after another to expose the arbitrary power of the foreign relatives and princes. Emperor Cheng of the Han Dynasty asked Zhang Yu. Zhang Yu was afraid that he would be implicated, so he said to Emperor Cheng of the Han Dynasty: "These officials and the people are talking nonsense. You can't believe it!" There was a petty official. His name was Zhu Yun. He was upright and dared to speak and act, so he wrote a letter requesting an audience. In front of the ministers of the Manchu Dynasty, he lamented the long-standing shortcomings of the government: "Many ministers in the government today are unable to assist Your Majesty when they are above, and they are unable to benefit the people when they are below: they only receive state salaries and oppress the people.

Please Your Majesty gave me a Shangfang sword to kill a traitor as a warning to other officials." Emperor Cheng asked, "Who is the traitor?" Zhu Yun pointed to "Te Jin" and said, "It is Zhang Yu, the Marquis of Anchang! Emperor Cheng was furious and said: "You little official, you dare to slander the ministers below and insult my teacher in the court. Your crime is worthy of death and cannot be forgiven!" The censor stepped forward to arrest Zhu Yun, but Zhu Yun refused. He surrendered and clung to the railing in front of the palace with both hands. He struggled hard and broke the iron railing.

Zhu Yun laughed and exclaimed: "I am lucky enough to be with Long Pang and Bigan, and travel to the underworld together. I am satisfied and die without regrets. Who knows what will happen to the Han family?" Long Pang was a loyal minister of the Xia Dynasty, but he was killed by Xia Jie for his direct remonstrance; Bigan was a critical official of the Shang Dynasty, but his heart was disemboweled by Shang Zhou for his direct remonstrance.

Zhu Yun compared himself to these two loyal ministers and warned Yin Jian that he was not far away, which shocked Emperor Cheng of the Han Dynasty. At this time, General Xin Qingji (BC? to 12 BC), the general of the left, stepped forward, kowtowed on Danqi and admonished: "Although Zhu Yun is rude, he is a direct cannon, and he plans for the country and the country.

If what he said is right, he cannot be killed; even if he is wrong, he should be tolerated so as not to block the way of speech. I am willing to guarantee it with my life!" Moved by the two critics, he pardoned Zhu Yun.

Afterwards, the palace steward brought people to repair the railing broken by Zhu Yun. Emperor Cheng of the Han Dynasty said seriously: "Don't replace it with a new one. I want to keep this railing as it is and use it to commend those who speak out and dare to speak up." Remonstrated ministers!" 5. Usage of "ming" in classical Chinese

Edit entry "ming"

明

(明)

míng

Cast, carve or write words on an object to describe one's life, deeds or to warn oneself: inscription. inscription. Mingzhi. epitaph. motto.

Engraving words on utensils means remembering and never forgetting: remember. Unforgettable. Unforgettable. Keep it in mind (Yu Yongji).

A style of writing gradually formed in ancient China that was used for inscriptions. For example, "Wen Xin Diao Long" has an "Inscription" chapter.

Number of strokes: 11;

Radical: 钅;

Stroke order number: 31115354251

Action

(Phonetic. From gold, reputation. From gold, related to bells and tripods. Original meaning: to engrave words on the objects)

Same as the original meaning 〖engrave〗

The person who inscribes, also names himself. . It is also a person who uses his name to praise the beauty of his ancestors and make it clear to future generations. ——"Book of Rites·Sacrifice System"

Ming, Ming Jing also. ——"Book of Rites·Tan ??Gong"

Inscribed in the King's Dachang. ——"Zhou Li Si Xun". Note: "The name of the inscription is also the name."

The name is also the title. ——"Ci Lin"

It is inscribed in it. ——"Guoyu Jinyu". Note: "The engraving is called inscription."

The inscription is on Kuaiji Ridge. ——Li Bai's "Fifty-Nine Ancient Style Poems·3"

Another example: inscription of merit (carving words on gold and stone to record meritorious deeds); inscription of warning (carving words on gold and stone and other objects as admonitions) ); imprint (engraved on gold and stone to record merits and deeds)

Remember and never forget 〖imprint〗

Make a reward with your heart in mind, and it will last forever.

——"Three Kingdoms·Zhou Li Biography"

Another example: Mingpei; Mingyi (the intention engraved in the chest); Mingji (expressing gratitude for others' kindness and keeping it deep in the heart); Mingzhuan (metaphor) Gratitude is deep and unforgettable); Mingdai (gratitude to others, engraved in the heart, never forgotten)

明

明

míng

Name

A word written or inscribed to establish a lasting or public record (mostly engraved on bells and tripods in ancient times, and some were engraved on stone tablets after the Qin and Han dynasties) 〖inscription〗

The inscription of the bell and tripod. ——"Han Feizi·Wai Chu Shuo, upper left"

Another example: epitaph; Shang Tang's "Pan Ming"; Zheng Kao's "Ding Ming"

Inscribed or inscribed motto〖 inscribedorwrittenmaxim〗. Such as: motto; inkstone

Mingjing, that is, Mingjing〖afuneralstreamerbearingthetitlesofthedeceased〗. In the old days, flags bearing the title and name of the deceased were erected in front of the coffin. For example: Ming Jing Qi Chi (the Ming Jing of senior officials or their parents)

Remember

míngjì

〖engraveonone' *** ind; alwaysremember; enshrineintheheart; learnbyheart〗keep in mind

always remember

engrave

míngkè

〖inscription〗words engraved on utensils

Ancient inscriptions

Inscriptions

míngkè

〖engraveonone' *** ind〗 Remembering

Engraving in the heart

Her voice and smile are engraved in his memory

Nameplate

míngpái

〖nameplate〗installed on machines, instruments, motor vehicles, etc. brand, marked with name, model, specification, date of manufacture, manufacturer, etc.

Inscription

míngwén

〖inscription〗

Refers to inscriptions

Inscriptions on coins, medals, medals, commemorative medals, seals, and utensils (mostly cast or carved)

Inscriptions

míngxīn

〖bearinmind; engravedinone'sheart; imprintonone' *** ind〗 engraved in the heart, refers to unforgettable feelings

心心

míngxīn

〖inscription〗 inscription

unforgettable

míngxīn-kègǔ

〖imprint; beengravedonone' *** indforever〗 metaphor for feeling deeply and never forgetting (multiple uses of gratitude to others). It is also said to be "engraved in the heart" or "engraved in the heart" 6. Classical Chinese translation

The original text "Hanshu·Zhu Yun Zhuan": "When he became emperor, the prime minister Zhang Yu, the former Marquis of Anchang, was promoted to the emperor's teacher and was highly respected.

Therefore, Huaili ordered Zhu Yun to write a letter to ask for an audience. The minister was in front of him and said: "Now the ministers of the imperial court cannot help the Lord, and they are all dead in order to benefit the people... I would like to give Shang Fang a sword to cut off the horse." The minister asked, "Who is it?" He replied, "Anchang Marquis Zhang Yu." Death without mercy.

'The imperial censor will be under the clouds, and the clouds will be climbing up the threshold of the palace, and the threshold will be broken. Yun Hu said: "I can come down from Long Pang and Bigan to swim underground, that's enough!" How is the unknown holy pilgrimage? 'The censor then sent the cloud away, so General Xin Qingji of the left took off his crown, removed his seal and ribbon, kowtowed to His Highness and said: "This minister has always been arrogant and upright in the world. If he says what is right, he cannot be punished; if what he says is wrong, he should be tolerated.

I dare to fight to the death. "Qing Ji kowtows and bleeds, and then he has his last resort.

Later on, you should treat the threshold and say: ‘Don’t make it easy! Therefore, I compiled it to serve as a warning to the direct ministers. '" Translated when Emperor Cheng of the Western Han Dynasty, minister Zhang Yu was appointed prime minister because he had been Emperor Cheng's teacher, and was granted the title of Marquis of Anchang.

Zhang Yu served as prime minister for six years. After he abdicated in old age, Emperor Cheng He still respected him very much and gave him the title of "Special Adviser" (equivalent to the current special adviser). When there were important matters in the court, he still invited Zhang Yu to participate in the negotiation. Zhang Yu used this power to gain everything for himself. Self-interest.

Officials and people wrote letters one after another to expose the arbitrary power of the foreign relatives and princes. Emperor Cheng of the Han Dynasty asked Zhang Yu. Zhang Yu was afraid that he would be implicated, so he said to Emperor Cheng of the Han Dynasty: "These officials and the people are talking nonsense. You can't believe it!" "There was a minor official named Zhu Yun. He was upright and dared to speak and act, so he wrote a letter asking for an audience. In front of the ministers of the Manchu Dynasty, he lamented the long-standing shortcomings in the government: "There are many ministers in the government today who cannot assist Your Majesty when they are above, and they cannot benefit the people when they are below. : I only know how to receive state salary and oppress the people.

Please give me a Shangfang sword to kill a traitorous official as a warning to other officials. Emperor Cheng asked: "Who is the traitor?" Zhu Yun pointed at "Tejin" and said, "That's Zhang Yu, the Marquis of Anchang!" Emperor Cheng of the Han Dynasty said angrily: "You are a little official, you dare to slander the ministers below, and also insult my teacher in the court. You are worthy of death and cannot be forgiven!" " The imperial censor stepped forward to arrest Zhu Yun, but Zhu Yun refused to give in. He clung to the railing in front of the palace with both hands and struggled so hard that he broke the iron railing.

Zhu Yun laughed and shouted: "I was lucky enough to be with Long Pang and Bigan, and we traveled to the underworld together. I was satisfied and died without regrets. Who knows what will happen to the Han family? "Long Pang was a loyal minister of the Xia Dynasty, but he was killed by Xia Jie because of his direct remonstrance; Bigan was a critical official of the Shang Dynasty, but he was disemboweled by Shang Zhou for his direct remonstrance.

Zhu Yun compared these two loyal ministers and warned. Yin Jian was not far away, and Emperor Cheng of the Han Dynasty was shocked. At this time, General Xin Qingji (BC? to 12 BC) came forward and kowtowed on Danqi: "Although Zhu Yun is rude, he is. The direct gun barrel is a plan for the country and the country.

If what he says is right, he cannot be killed; even if what he says is wrong, he should be accommodated so as not to block the way of speech. I am willing to die to guarantee it! "After Xin Qingji finished playing, he knocked his head and bled. Emperor Cheng of the Han Dynasty was moved by the two critics and pardoned Zhu Yun.

Afterwards, the palace manager brought people to repair the railing broken by Zhu Yun. Emperor Cheng of the Han Dynasty He said earnestly: "Don't replace it with a new one. I want to keep this railing as it is and use it to commend the ministers who speak out and dare to remonstrate!" ". 7. "Guwen Shangshu·Shuo Ming" details what is "taking into consideration the good in order to move, and moving only when it is too late"

"Considering the good is to move, and moving only when it is too late" comes from "Guwen Shangshu·Shuo Ming" "Mate"

"Shuo Ming" (Part 2)

Original text: Wei Shuo, the chief official of the Ming Dynasty, went to the king and said: "Oh! The king of Ming followed the way of heaven and established a state and a capital. After the tree, Wang Jungong inherited the title of a senior official. He did not only use Yiyu, but also disturbed the people. Only the heaven was wise, the sage was the emperor, the ministers were respectful, and the people were righteous. The only thing that can be done is to fight with others, and to be wise. The only way to control the chaos is with the common people. The officials are not as good as the private ones, but only the good ones can do it. When you move, you will lose your good. If you are cautious about your ability, you will lose your merit. If you are prepared, you will not be in danger. When it comes to political affairs, it is said that if you are obsessive about sacrifices, you will be in trouble. ’

The king said, “The purpose is to speak but not to obey.” I ignored what I heard and acted on it."

He said, "It's not difficult to know, but it's difficult to do it. It's not difficult for the king to be sincere. He agreed to be virtuous, but he was guilty of not saying anything."

”

Translation: Fu Yue accepted the king’s order to prime minister and hundreds of officials, so he said to Wang Jinyan: “Ah! In ancient times, Ming kings obeyed the laws of heaven, established kingdoms, set up capitals, established princes, princes, and princes, and assisted them with officials and leaders. This was not for pleasure, but to govern the people. God is wise and just, the Lord will imitate it, and the ministers will respect and obey it, and the people will obey and govern. Giving orders lightly will lead to humiliation; using armor lightly will lead to war; putting clothes in a box and not using them for rewards will harm oneself; hiding wars in the treasury and not using them for subjugation will harm oneself. The king should warn against these! If we can really understand these, politics will be beautiful. Governance and chaos depend on the officials. Official positions should not be given to people close to you, but to those who are capable. Titles should not be given to bad people, but to virtuous people. Think carefully before acting, and act when the time suits you. If you praise yourself for your beauty, you will lose its beauty; if you praise yourself for your ability, you will lose your success. When doing things, you must be prepared. Only by being prepared will there be no future troubles. Don't seek favor and be insulted; don't be ashamed of correcting your mistakes and cause a big mistake. If you think about the things you are responsible for in this way, political affairs will not be complicated. Treating sacrifices lightly is called disrespect. If etiquette is complicated and complicated, it will lead to confusion. In this way, it will be difficult to serve ghosts and gods. ”

The king said: “Okay! Fu said, your words should be implemented. If you are not good at giving advice, I won't be able to do it with all my strength. ”

Fu Yao knelt down and kowtowed, and said, “It’s not that I know it’s difficult, but it’s that it’s difficult to practice it. If the king is sincere and does not have difficulty in putting things into practice, he is truly in line with the great virtue of the late king. My master said that if he did not speak out, he would be guilty. 』