Bole is yourself
① People who have a good eye for pearls are admired, and those who know people well and do their duty have boundless merits. However, in the vast sea of people, such "Bole" is often hard to find. Han Yu said, "There is Bole in the world, and then there is a swift horse." I have to say, "Maxima, you have to be your own Bole!"
② anthony robbins, a famous American psychologist, once pointed out in his book Awakening the Giant in the Heart: "Everyone has a special talent. That talent is like a sleeping giant, waiting for us to wake him up ... God will not treat anyone badly, and he will give each of us endless opportunities to give full play to ourselves. " In that case, what are we waiting for? Why not be our own bole?
(3) Jia Pingwa, a famous contemporary writer, famously said, "People can discover themselves when they are expensive." In other words, you should be your own bole. After years of rushing around, he discovered his writing ability and sought a road to success. It is because he found himself that he bravely showed his talents to everyone. He is his own Bole!
(4) Mao Sui's position is humble, but his courage is admirable. At the critical moment when Zhao was besieged by Qin Jun, he stood up and recommended himself with all his strength, regardless of the contempt and ridicule of others. Above the palace of Chu State, he persuaded the king of Chu to send troops to save the people in from the mire with his "golden tongue", leaving the laudatory name of "Little Lin Xiangru". Mao Sui is immortal because he dares to discover himself, appreciate himself and be his own bole.
⑤ If you are a "swift horse", don't pin your hopes on others. You should learn from Mao Sui without hesitation, be your own bole, discover your talents, and then "recommend" yourself with confidence and courage, to show your style and realize your ambitions. You can never learn from man of great talent and Jiang Ziya, who has a superior strategy. He spent almost his whole life waiting for Bole to find himself. If he hadn't met Zhou Wenwang in his old age, his talent would have been almost buried by his passive waiting.
⑥ We often admire the success of others, but (often) ignore our own efforts; (Often) sighing about the unfair fate, but rarely discovering their own potential. Then, from now on, be your own bole, don't let yourself ignore yourself, try to discover your talent and potential, and carry it forward. Wake up the giants in our hearts, let us find ourselves, appreciate ourselves, take a correct direction in life, and move forward step by step. One day, we will walk into the temple in our hearts.
(Author: Zhao Suoxian, with deletions)
15.(2 points) Describe the structure of this article.
16.(2 points) Tell the allusions used in paragraph 4.
17.(2 points) Read paragraph 5, and talk about the main argumentation methods.
18.(2 points) Can the words in brackets in paragraph 6 be removed? Why?
19.(2 points) Debate on the "talent view" between the author and Han Yu. Please extract the pros and cons.
15.(2 points) Total formula or total score
16. (2 points) Self-recommendation
17.(2 points) Comparative argument
18.(2 points) No, the tone is too absolute after removal, and the words in brackets make the argument more rigorous and measured.
19.(2 points) Reference 1: Positive: Maxima, be your own Bole; Negative: there is Bole in the world, and then there is a swift horse
Reference 2: Positive: You can be a swift horse if you discover and appreciate yourself; Contrary: You must have Bole to discover before you can be a swift horse.
(the expression can be different, If your argumentative essay is not good, I'll give you some advice. Argumentative essay is a style that analyzes and comments on a certain problem or thing and shows your own views, positions, attitudes, opinions and opinions. Argumentative writing has three elements, That is, arguments, Arguments and arguments Types (classified according to argumentation methods)
1. Making a paper
1. Definition: Pointers positively expound their opinions and opinions on certain events or problems. At the same time, we should use sufficient convincing arguments to prove the arguments put forward. 2. Requirements: (1) We should have a correct view of the issues discussed. (2) We should use sufficient convincing arguments. (3) It should be reasonable and logical.
2. Refuting the paper
1. Definition: Argumentation is to refute the other party's point of view. Explain one's own point of view while refuting. 2. Ways: (1) Propose an argument; (2) Prove an argument; (3) Summarize the definition of the combination of argument and refutation: first point out the essence of the other party's mistake, then refute the wrong argument that has been pointed out, and at the same time or after refuting, put forward one's own correct point of view to prove it. (1) Argument
(1) Meaning of argument: Argument is the point of view to be discussed and expounded in the article, and it is the view and proposition to be expressed by the author. Reading argumentative essays, the first thing is to find, extract and understand the arguments of the article. (2) There are several arguments: an article can have one argument or more than one argument. If there is more than one argument, it is necessary to clarify the central argument. These arguments can be parallel or progressive, but they should all obey the central argument of the whole paper. (3) the position of the argument: the argument of the article can be arranged at the beginning, in the middle or at the end of the article, and sometimes it is the title. That is, it can be arranged anywhere in the article. But more often than not, it is at the beginning of the article, and so is the paragraph argument. (4) Presentation of arguments: Some argumentative arguments are expressed in clear sentences in the article, and we just need to find them out; Others are not directly expressed in clear sentences, which need to be extracted and summarized by readers themselves. (5) Attention should be paid to the presentation and establishment of the argument: ① correctness: the persuasiveness of the argument is rooted in the correct reflection of objective things, which in turn depends on whether the author's position, viewpoint, attitude and method are correct. If the argument itself is incorrect or even absurd, no matter how it is demonstrated, it cannot convince people. Therefore, the correct argument is the minimum requirement of argumentative writing. 2 distinctiveness: what is in favor of and against should be very clear, not ambiguous and ambiguous. Novelty: The argument should be as novel and profound as possible, which can go beyond other people's opinions. It is not a repetition of other people's platitudes, nor is it irrelevant and general. It should be as unique and novel as possible.
(2) Arguments
(1) What is an argument? An argument is the material and basis to prove an argument. (2) types of arguments: ① factual materials as arguments can be A. concrete cases, B. summarized facts, C. statistics, and ② theoretical materials as arguments, which can be A. classic works and wise sayings of predecessors, B. folk proverbs and sayings, C. scientific axioms and laws, etc. (3) Requirements for using arguments: ① Certainty. We must choose those hard and typical facts. When citing theoretical materials that have been tested by practice as arguments, we must pay attention to the precise meaning of the cited theory itself. ② Typical. The cited examples should be widely representative, representing the universal characteristics and general nature of this kind of things. (3) the unity of arguments and arguments. The argument is to prove the argument, so the two should be closely related.
(3) Argumentation
(1) What is argument? Argumentation is the process of proving an argument with arguments. The argument of argumentation is to solve "what to prove", the argument is to solve "what to prove", and the argument is to solve the problem of "how to demonstrate". The purpose of argumentation is to reveal the internal logical relationship between arguments and arguments. (2) Types of argumentation: Argumentative argumentation is generally divided into two types: argument and refutation. (1) argument is a way of argument that positively proves the correctness of the author's own argument with sufficient arguments; (2) refutation is an argument way to refute others' wrong arguments with strong arguments. Argument and refutation are both proofs, one of which is to prove its correctness from the front, and the other is to prove its mistake from the back. They can use basically the same argument method. (3) Basic argumentation methods: including three categories and five kinds: induction, example, deduction, analogy and contrast. ① Induction. Inductive argument is an argument method from individual to general. It draws a general conclusion through many individual examples or arguments, and then summarizes the characteristics they have. Induction can first give examples and then conclude conclusions, or put forward conclusions and then give examples to prove them. The former is what we usually call induction, and the latter is what we call example. Example method is a kind of argumentation method to prove the argument with individual and typical concrete examples. ② Deductive method. Deductive argument is a kind of argument method from general to individual. It deduces conclusions about individual cases from general principles, and the relationship between its premise and conclusions is necessary. There are many forms of deduction, such as syllogism, hypothetical reasoning and selective reasoning, but the most important one is syllogism. Syllogism consists of three parts: major premise, minor premise and conclusion. Such as the major premise that all metals can conduct electricity, the minor premise that iron is a metal, and the conclusion that iron can conduct electricity. ③ Comparative method. Comparative argument is an argument method from individual to individual. It is usually divided into two categories, one is analogy and the other is comparison. Analogy is a method of comparing different things with the same or similar nature and characteristics in some aspects, thus drawing conclusions. Contrast method is a method to prove an argument by comparing different things whose nature and characteristics are opposite or opposite in some aspects. (4) Argumentation methods are also called example argument, fact argument, truth argument and metaphor argument. (5) Refutation methods: There are three methods of refutation, namely, ① refutation argument, ② refutation argument and ③ refutation argument. Because argumentative writing is composed of three parts: argument, argument and argument, refuting the argument or argument has the same effect as directly refuting the argument. A refutation paper can be combined with several refutation methods to strengthen the strength and persuasiveness of refutation. (1) refute the argument, that is, directly refute the one-sided, false or fallacy of the other argument itself, which is the most commonly used method in refutation. (2) refute the argument, that is, reveal the error of the other argument, in order to achieve the purpose of knocking down the other argument; Because the wrong argument is bound to lead to the wrong argument. (3) rebuttal argument, that is, exposing the logical errors of the other party in the process of argument, such as the contradiction between major premise, minor premise and conclusion, the contradiction between the other party's arguments, the contradiction between arguments and arguments, and so on. There are the following methods of argumentation: 1. Illustrative argumentation: cite conclusive, sufficient and representative examples to prove the argument; (Function: specifically and forcefully demonstrate the point of view and enhance the persuasiveness of the article) 2. Reasoning argument: prove the argument with the incisive opinions in the classic works of Marxism-Leninism, famous sayings and aphorisms of famous people at home and abroad, and well-recognized theorem formulas; (Function: effectively demonstrate the point of view and enhance the authority and persuasiveness of the article) 3. Contrastive demonstration: compare the positive and negative arguments or arguments, and prove the arguments in comparison; (Function: It highlights the argument and is impressive.) 4. Metaphorical argument: Prove the argument by analogy with things that people are familiar with. (Role: vividly demonstrate the point of view, making the article easy to understand, easy to understand and accept) In addition, in refutation, the refutation method of "using the spear of the child as the shield of the attack" and "reducing to absurdity" are often adopted. It is often used synthetically in most argumentative papers. 5. Citation argument: Citation argument is more complicated, which is related to the specific cited materials, including quoting famous sayings, aphorisms, authoritative data, anecdotes of celebrities, jokes and anecdotes. (Function: Specific analysis, such as quoting famous sayings, aphorisms and authoritative data, can enhance the persuasiveness and authority of the argument; Citing anecdotes of celebrities and anecdotes can enhance the interest of argument and attract readers to read. )