Material composition is a type of composition that provides materials (words or pictures) for candidates to read and write as required. The form of the topic generally includes three parts: "material+tips+requirements". Material composition not only has the limitations of propositional composition, but also has the freedom of self-made composition, and can also test the comprehensive reading ability of candidates, such as reading comprehension, analysis and generalization, induction and reasoning, so it has always been a regular question type of composition for senior high school entrance examination.
In recent years, material composition has shown unprecedented openness, which is manifested in four aspects: multiple themes, open topics, diverse materials and clear tips. As far as written materials are concerned, they include fables, social events, textbooks, anecdotes and allusions, poems and songs, famous sayings and aphorisms, etc. And the pictures are mainly comics, photos and patterns. Therefore, material composition can "reduce the constraints on students' writing" to the maximum extent, and candidates can also avoid the disadvantages of writing on topics with moderate freedom of composition. The material composition in the composition of the senior high school entrance examination rarely presents a separate proposition, but mostly appears in the form of topic selection. However, it is in the heating period, and it is difficult to examine and conceive the material composition, so more attention should be paid.
[Art of War in Senior High School Entrance Examination]
The trick of material composition examination is to transform material composition into topic composition or proposition composition by interpreting materials, but how to examine the questions depends on the situation.
Tip 1: Review the title of the material or the clear theme in the material.
Materials with topics should be carefully read in combination with the materials, and some topics even point to the theme of the composition. For example, the material of the composition topic for the senior high school entrance examination in Huanggang, Hubei Province is "Puppet", which reads "Puppet shows off the limelight in front of the public", "Look at the background" and "Look at the person who gives the line". Therefore, from the figurative meaning of "puppet" and the symbolic meaning of "manipulated and manipulated", we can discuss the choice of freedom, dignity, glamorous appearance and scenery. In addition, we should pay special attention to the requirements of writing an "argumentative essay" and the specific writing requirements.
Tip 2: extract keywords from written materials and lock the writing theme.
Pay attention to the beginning and end of the given materials, as well as lyrical sentences or keywords; Some will give several explanations to some words, which is essentially a hint of the direction of writing. For example, the composition topic of Tianjin senior high school entrance examination: 2010 May 3/0/day, Guangming Daily published a comment "Don't let Children's Day become a" consumption festival ". The article points out that many children's wishes to be present on June 1 ST are mostly related to eating, drinking and having fun; Some parents also take their children to the mall to buy this and that, and they are not soft on consumption. In this regard, experts call for: Don't let "Children's Day" become a single "Children's Consumption Festival" to make Children's Day more meaningful. Looking back on childhood, you must have your own views on how to have a meaningful Children's Day. Please write an article about it, you can combine your own experience or knowledge, and you can also express your views from any angle.
This material is full of the characteristics of the times. "How to Have a Meaningful Children's Day" has locked in the topic. The description of "experience or experience" can be written as narrative, and the description of "expressing opinions" can be written as argumentative. Don't let Children's Day become a consumption festival, wishes are more related to eating, drinking and having fun, and making Children's Day more meaningful can be used as the theme of writing. Tip 3: summarize the "intersection" writing topic from multiple materials.
If the composition topic provides 2-4 materials, then we can extract the "similarity" of each material by extracting key words and "seeking common ground while reserving differences", thus summarizing the composition topic.
Tip 4: Interpret the meaning or theme from obscure materials.
About one-third of the questions in the composition of the senior high school entrance examination materials use stories or fables as materials, some give moral hints directly, while others need candidates to interpret and refine them themselves, which increases the difficulty of examination. For example, the essay for the senior high school entrance examination in Wuhan, Hubei Province, gives a fable and tells a life story that conforms to the characteristics of students' growth. Students can have rich associations from trees to people. This fable first compares the growth of small oak trees with that of apple trees and roses. After a series of psychological and emotional changes such as "sad face", "more and more confused", "calm down" and "happy growth", the little oak tree finally became a big oak tree. "What do we need in the process of growing up" guides us to interpret the meaning of the materials, so as to interpret the ideas of "correctly understanding ourselves, not blindly listening to other people's opinions", "accurately positioning ourselves, recognizing the direction of growth" and "not blindly comparing with others, and determining life goals according to our own situation".
Tip 5: Determine the writing direction from the topic requirements or tips.
Like other composition questions, "requirements" or hints in material composition are also the focus of examination. For example, the composition of the senior high school entrance examination materials in Meishan, Sichuan requires that "you can tell your own experiences (tell stories), express your feelings and express your opinions ... but you must not expand, continue or rewrite the raw materials". The first half of the sentence emphasizes that the genre of the composition can be narrative, lyric prose, argumentative or refuting, while the second half reminds the minefield to pay attention to the use of materials provided by the topic. Another example is the composition topic of Shanxi senior high school entrance examination:
Opening every text of junior high school Chinese is to enter a world, see a life, feel a kind of wisdom, accept an emotion and accept a heart.
Please write a composition of not less than 600 words according to the special requirements in combination with the junior middle school Chinese text; Feelings are natural, simple and true; Style is not limited (except poetry), and real names such as names of people, schools and places are avoided.
Special requirements for the topic to be selected: the composition topic must include the text topic, or the author of the text, or the characters in the text, or the words in the text topic, such as "Back", Gorky, Little Frances, Baicaoyuan ...)
The composition topic of this material is very special, which is about junior high school Chinese text. According to the material, "to open a book is to walk into a world, see a life, feel a kind of wisdom, accept an emotion and accept a heart". This set of parallelism sentences is comprehensive and infectious. In "Special Requirements for Suggested Topics", the format of suggested topics is particularly emphasized. The essence is to limit the scope of writing, but the freedom is much looser. For example, from Zhu Ziqing's Back, I thought of fatherly love; Feelings, feelings, etc. , from
Lu Xun's "From Baicaoyuan to San Tan Yin Yue" recalls the freedom and happiness of the author's life in Baicaoyuan and the boring and rich study life in San Tan Yin Yue, which further evokes his memories of childhood and school life.
Tip 6: Look at the picture and write a composition from multiple angles and levels.
The pictures in a composition are usually photos, cartoons or charts. To interpret pictures accurately, we must have the consciousness of wholeness, contrast and connection with reality. The operating procedures of composition with pictures are: reading, analyzing, conceiving, drafting, conceiving, revising and finalizing. Look at the topic requirements before looking at the picture, and make clear the writing scope, genre, number of words, proposed topic and other requirements. Then observe the picture, including the title of the picture and the text on the picture. Whether it is a painting or a pattern, or what you like or hate, there is generally a distinct theme. The caption or title of a picture is often a breakthrough. Trying to figure out the meaning of the picture in connection with social reality or related current events may also help to understand the deep connotation of the picture. When observing pictures, association and imagination are very important, which is the key to understanding pictures and interpreting meanings. Finally, we should turn the key words or meanings we read into topic composition and define the writing scope, so as to conceive the next step.
[sword watcher]
Only you can save yourself.
A little girl waters a daisy every day, but one day, the little girl doesn't come. Daisy began to worry, and finally took root in the soil and tasted the cool and sweet water under it. This fable tells us a truth: everything depends on yourself, and only you can save yourself. Quote fables, summarize the meaning and put forward the central argument. )
That's the way it is, and so are people. (transition. Another fable that can be used as an argument comes from things and people. )
Once there was a man hiding from the rain under the eaves and saw a monk walking by with an umbrella. The man said, "Master, why don't you take me for a while?" The monk said, "I am in the rain, you are under the eaves, and there is no rain under the eaves. You don't need me to cross." The man immediately jumped off the eaves, stood in the rain and said, "Now I'm in the rain, too. Is it time to have a hard time with me? "
The monk said, "I am also in the rain, and you are also in the rain." I won't get wet because I have an umbrella. " You were caught in the rain because you didn't bring an umbrella. You must be crossed. Don't look for me, please ask for an umbrella. "Say that finish and left.
This story tells us, don't leave your destiny to anyone, you can only be a successful person by yourself. Revealing the moral is also a further demonstration of the central argument. )
In life, no matter what setbacks and difficulties you encounter, don't stop. A wise man will never be sad because of failure. Real wise men should raise new sails and embark on a new journey, and the wind that guides us forward is self-confidence! Choosing confidence means having the courage to challenge difficulties; Choosing self-confidence is to ignite the first flame pointing to light; Choose self-confidence and open the door of hope. (Emphasize self-confidence. This passage uses parallelism and metaphor, and the language is very philosophical and literary. )
However. First of all, confidence is not enough. Faith can only survive, exercise and strengthen through positive actions. Life is like a marathon. Only by sticking to the end is the winner. Time will pierce the brilliance and exquisiteness of youth. The only thing.
What is indestructible is the firm belief of the rescuer. From self-confidence to positive behavior, it is a further sublimation of ideological understanding, with rich connotation and taking care of the central argument. )
Hawking, a great scientist, was confined to a wheelchair by Luger's disease for 47 years, but he fought tirelessly with the disease and made remarkable achievements, that is, saving himself. Famous writer Helen? Keller bravely fought against the darkness and wrote praises of human nature, which was self-help; Robinson lived alone on an isolated island for more than ten years. He struggled to survive and saved himself. List three practical arguments for "self-help". Regular sentence patterns enhance the language potential. ) Heaven is inferior to man, and man is inferior to self-help. Countless examples tell us that if we want to survive, we must rely on ourselves, be our own savior and be the strong one in life! (Summarize the full text, and emphasize again that only by helping yourself can you become a strong person in life. )
[Bright spot scanning]
First, the content is substantial. Whether it is an ancient philosophical story or a modern celebrity anecdote, candidates can get it at their fingertips and list it as evidence, which strongly proves the view that "people can only save themselves". Second, the language is beautiful, fresh and smooth. For example, the sentence "Life is like a marathon, only the winner will stick to the end.". Time will pierce the splendor and exquisiteness of youth, and the only thing that cannot be pierced is the firm belief of the self-rescuer. "An appropriate metaphor vividly reveals the important role of firm belief in life.