Ji will cut.

The Analects of Confucius

I plan to fight Zhu. Li Ranguo, Ji Dao and Confucius said that war should be used against Liu. "Confucius said," beg! Is innocence too much? My husband, a former king, thinks he is the Lord of the East, and he is also a minister of the country in the field of the country. Why cut it? "

Jean Valjean once said, "Ji Sun will do this, and neither of us will be willing to be officials." . "Confucius said," beg! Zhou Renyou said:' Chen Li wants to go public, but he can't stop.' What will you do if you don't seize the danger and help? What's more, I have gone too far. A tiger is born out of its nest, but a turtle and jade are destroyed in the rafters. Who is to blame? "

You Ran said: "Today's husband is thriving, but he is solid and close to the cost. If you don't take it today, future generations will worry about future generations. " Confucius said, "Please! A sick gentleman will give up what he wants and do it. Qiu also heard that people with state-owned families do not suffer from inequality because of widowhood, nor do they feel anxious because of poverty. There is no poverty, no poverty and no peace. If the husband is so, people so far away will not accept it, so practice self-discipline. Let nature take its course Today, through seeking and seeking, I am a master, and I can't come because I am far away from it. The country is falling apart, but it cannot be defended; Start a war in this state. I am afraid that the internal distress is not in the corner, but in the small wall. "

To annotate ...

[1] This article is selected from The Analects of Confucius. It records Confucius' criticism of Ji's neglect of duty, ambiguity and short-sightedness, and shows Confucius' foreign policy of opposing merger, greed, equality, harmony and stability in governing the country, influencing affiliated small countries with moral power and opposing military conquest.

[2] Ji Kang-zi is the most powerful aristocrat in Lu, and his name is Fei. The vassal state is a small country and a vassal state of Lu, so its old city is in the northwest of Feixian County, Shandong Province. It is said that he cut down the land because he was greedy for money. Judging from the meaning of the article, the contradiction between Ji and Lu Jun is very deep. All previous dynasties Lu Jun wanted to get rid of Ji surname. Ji surname was afraid of suffering again and helped Lu Jun, so he wanted to attack Ji surname.

[3] You Ran and Lu Ji were the retainers of Ji Kangzi at that time. See (jiàn): an audience.

[4], refers to the military.

[5] Nothing is: it means "I am afraid". Yes: pronoun, referring to the object "er". Guo: Strange. I'm afraid you are to blame.

[6]: It refers to Wang Xian of the Zhou Dynasty. Lord of East Mongolia: A person who worships the sacred mountain of East Mongolia. Dongmeng: that is, Mengshan Mountain, 40 miles south of Mengyin County, Shandong Province, bordering Feixian County in the southwest. Lord: Pastor.

[7] refers to the territory of Shandong.

[8] Yes: pronoun, referring to Zhuan Xu. Status: Society refers to the land god, millet and valley god. This country is an altar to worship the god of the valley and the god of the earth. Where there is a country, there must be a country. When the country dies, the country is built and the country is abolished, so the country is a symbol of the country. This refers to Lu.

[9] Why cut: Why attack? Why: Why. W: Suffix auxiliary words.

[10] Master: Ji Kangzi.

[1 1] Zhou people: ancient historians.

[12] Chen Li listing: if you can display your talents, you will accept the position; If not, you should resign. Chen: Display and display. Just: service. Column: rank, position.

[13] Danger: unstable, that is, unstable standing. Hold: hold.

[14] Jump: Fall. Help: Take it.

Xiang: A person who helps blind people walk.

[16] Ji (√): one-horned rhinoceros. Xiá: a cage for wild animals.

[17] Turtles and jade are treasures. Turtle: Turtle version, used for divination. Jade, in: refers to jade and jade. Jade is used to express the title, and jade is used for sacrifice. (dú): box.

[18] firmness: refers to the firmness of battlements. Close: Close. Fei (ancient reading b‖): Ji is a private town, now Feixian County, Shandong Province.

[19] This sentence means that a gentleman hates that attitude: he wants to do it, but he has to make some other remarks for it. Disease: hate. Husband: Pronouns, that kind. Give up, throw away.

[20] refers to the maharaja doctor here. Country: A political region ruled by vassals. Home: the political area ruled by Dr. Qing.

[2 1] The meaning of these two sentences should be "not suffering from poverty but suffering from inequality, not suffering from widowhood but suffering from anxiety." Widow: refers to a small population.

[22] The main idea of this sentence is that if the distribution of wealth is fair and reasonable and everyone gets his place, there will be no poverty.

[23] The general idea of this sentence is that if the people are willing to join, the population will not be small.

[24] When the country is stable, there is no danger of capsizing.

[25] Husband: The modal particle at the beginning of the sentence. If yes: then.

[26] Text: Culture and education refer to rites and music. Bring: To bring (join).

[27] Ann: Made ... stable.

[28] phase: (xiàng) auxiliary.

[29] falling apart: falling apart. Defend: defend the country and save the country.

[30] dry: shield. Ge: A long-handled weapon used for assassination in ancient times. Combat: refers to the military.

[3 1] Xiao Qiang: The small wall facing the gate in the palace is also called a screen. Ancient courtiers appeared in front of the monarch, and they would be awed when they came here, so they were called "Xiaoqiang". Xiao: The ancients said "Su". This refers to the court.

Selective analysis

1. Yes:

Explanation of the source of examples

Without Confucius, who can decide right and wrong, as opposed to "right and wrong"

As a minister of a country, why is it cut as "discipline must be cut"?

I have been walking with you for twelve years, but I don't know that Mulan is the judge of Mulan's poems.

2. Diseases:

Explanation of the source of examples

You have a disease in your mind. If you can't cure it, you are afraid of the disease of "Bian Que meets Cai Huangong"

The gentleman's words, "Ji family will attack", are disgusting and hateful.

The old minister is ill and can't run away quickly.

Will the elders, ask the people suffering "Ximen Bao governs its potential" suffering.

Voice does not add to illness, and the listener is strong in "persuasion"

Pang Juan was afraid of his virtue and jealous of Historical Records and Biography of Sun Bin.

3. Stop:

Explanation of the source of examples

Chen Li is listed, and if he can't stop it, Ji's Ministry will also stop it.

Hequ knows whether to stop laughing, saying that "one mountain in Gong Yu" is forbidden and prevented.

A butcher came home late, and the meat had been eaten, leaving only bones. Wolves are just, just.

4. See:

Explanation of the source of examples

After reading the military post last night, Khan ordered many soldiers to read Mulan poems.

Cao Gui, please see Cao Gui's debate summons.

It can be seen that harmony is in Confucius's "Ji's family will attack"

Qin Cheng was afraid of not getting it, but he saw that the biographies of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru were passive, which was equivalent to "being".

When the wind blows, the "Chilean song" of cattle and sheep appears.

Joe laughed and said, "You are a woman of your own mind!" Views and understanding of the lost street pavilion

5. Adopted:

Explanation of the source of examples

I asked you to tie a man to the king and walk through "Yan Zi made Chu"

Too much is not as advanced as the Analects.

Take its territory as a clear goal and can't stay long. There are too many Little Stone Ponds.

Who is to blame for the mistakes and names in Ji Jian's will?

Unair was humiliated by Ji's will.

Besides, I exaggerated the mistake (shape) of Ji's attack.

So, I went to visit, and visited General Song's Biography of the Great Iron Vertebra.

translate

Ji will attack the vassal state of Zhuan Xu. When he met Confucius, he said, "We must use force to deal with it." Confucius said, "Ran Qiu! Shouldn't it be your fault? Zhuan Xu, the late king once appointed him (the monarch) to be responsible for offering sacrifices to Mengshan, which is in the territory of Lu. This is a vassal of the country. Why should we attack it? " You Ran said: "Neither of us wants that Ji to do this." Confucius said, "Ran Qiu! Saint Zhou Ren said:' You can display your talents in your own position; If you can't, you won't be in your position. Blind people can't walk steadily, and the helper can't help them when they fall, so why use the helper? Besides, what you said is wrong. Fierce beasts came out of the cage to make trouble, and precious things were destroyed in the box. Whose fault is this? "

You Ran said, "The battlements are very strong and close to Feixian County in Ji Sun. If we don't occupy it now, it will definitely leave harm to our future generations. " Confucius said, "Ran Qiu! People with moral character hate the attitude of making up lies and not saying that they are willing to do it. It is said that no matter the princes of a country or doctors with families (fiefs), they are not afraid of uneven distribution, poverty or instability. If the property is evenly distributed, there will be no poverty; It doesn't matter whether it can be reconciled up and down; If there is peace, the country will not be overthrown. In this way, people from outside will not submit, but will promote culture, education (rites and music) and virtue (benevolence and righteousness) to attract them; When they come, they have to let those who join the party live a stable life. Now, Zhong You and Ran Qiu are assisting, but people in the distance are not convinced, but they can't use sandwich education. The country is falling apart, but they can't save it. On the contrary, they want to use force in China. I am afraid that Ji Sun's sorrow is not in the shackles, but in the palace wall. "

Comment and analysis

This paper mainly records Confucius' three comments on Ji Jia's general attack. The first paragraph expounds the reasons why he opposed Ji's attack; First, "the late king thought he was the proprietor", that is, he always had a legitimate political position in Shandong; Second, "in the state", that is, Zhuan Xu's geographical position is already in the territory of Lu, and it has never posed a threat to Lu; Third, "he is also a minister of a country", which means that you have always maintained the relationship between the monarch and the minister, and there is no reason to attack. Confucius' words reflected his political proposition of governing the country by courtesy and morality, and opposed coercion and resorting to force.

In the second paragraph, Confucius quoted the famous saying of Zhou people: "Chen Lizhi is in the column, but he can't stop", and criticized You Ran and Lu Ji's attitude of shirking responsibility. In the third paragraph, Confucius expounded his political views positively.

This article is a rebuttal, conducted in the form of dialogue, breaking through the strong, using historical materials, "the first king thought he was the proprietor"; In reality, it is in the "national territory" and "the minister of the country"; The celebrity said, "Zhou people have a saying:' Chen Li will list, but he can't stop.' "The three arguments are solid and reliable, and they are well-founded.

The figurative sentences in this paper vividly express Confucius' views. "How can I use it if I don't grasp the danger and don't help?" Use the dereliction of duty of a blind helper as a metaphor and as a retainer, I didn't do my duty. The metaphor of "the tiger came out of the nest and the turtle jade was destroyed in the rafters" has two metaphorical meanings: one is to compare Ji Jia to a tiger, and the other is to compare Gui Yu. Attack, such as a tiger coming out of the cage and hurting people; If Zhuan Xu is destroyed, it's like tortoise shell and jade being destroyed in a box. Secondly, comparing You Ran and Lu Ji to tigers and tortoise jade is the dereliction of duty of the guards. As the minister of Ji surname, it is also their dereliction of duty if they can't persuade Ji surname to give up force and lead to extinction.

There are three rhetorical questions in the article, "Why do you want to cut it?" "How would you use it?" "Whose fault is it?" The use of rhetorical sentences makes the sentences have strong emotional color and strong refutation; Let the affirmative answer lie in rhetorical questions, make the affirmation more powerful, and make the tone more subtle and thought-provoking.

Later, this one evolved into an idiom: when you come, you will be safe, falling apart, causing great disaster, opening a tiger, and worrying about domestic troubles and foreign invasion.