The orbit of the satellite is close to or far away from the earth, and the orbital height varies from 120 km to 30000km, so it is naturally invisible to the naked eye, but it is possible for satellites in near-earth orbit to see it, and the size of the satellites is large or small, and the area of solar panels is also large or small, which has strong and weak light reflection ability. The largest is like the International Space Station, 100 meters long and tens of meters wide, but the distance is small.
In the 1990s, American Communication Company launched a series of communication satellites. These satellites are very bright outside, more than 700 kilometers away from the earth, and their reflections on the earth reach-8 to-9, resulting in one of the most wonderful artificial phenomena: iridium flash; In the1970s, China launched Dongfanghong-1, which was originally intended to be seen by the whole country at the design stage. Its appearance is also covered with reflective solar panels, the perigee height is only about 400 kilometers, and the brightness in the night sky is 7 to 9. You can also observe it with the naked eye.
Satellites visible to the naked eye usually have a sharp corner. When the ground has entered the night, high-altitude satellites are still shrouded in sunlight, so that their reflections are strong enough. Take stars as an example, in order to find them better, it is necessary to know the route of satellite transit.