Franz Kafka is regarded as one of the greatest writers in Germany. Although his name is not as widely known as Shakespeare's, you must have heard or seen his masterpiece Metamorphosis!
Metamorphosis is still included in middle school Chinese textbooks. What will life be like when a person wakes up and finds himself a huge beetle? The story of this fantasy literature is fantastic, but when you read it carefully, you will find that it contains a deeper meaning, that is, Kafka's words.
Confused, depressed, fragile, looking for a way out ...
Kafka's works have a unique style. It can be said that his novels are full of "personal" style, so we now describe Kafka's works as "Kafka-style novels".
19 12, Kafka wrote the short story "The Trial", which tells the story of a young businessman, George. He is proud of his career and love, afraid of being far away from his hometown and dissatisfied with his life, and always says that his life is not easy. However, as he is getting married, he intends to write to inform his friends to attend his wedding.
After writing the letter, he went to his father's room. His father treated him badly. He first questioned that George had no such friend in Russia, and then he talked about George's "betrayal".
It turns out that my father has been communicating with George's friends. He has told each other the real situation of George, and his friends have already known George's rhetoric! George couldn't help refuting him, but his father sentenced him to death on the spot. Then George rushed out obediently and jumped into the river.
As we said before, Kafka's works always contain deeper meanings. For example, in the paragraph where George put his father on the bed, Kafka wrote: "George put his elderly father on the bed like a child and tucked him in."
It's hard to keep people away from death and funerals by "hiding" On the surface, the son is full of obedience to his father, but in fact this obedience is more like a silent protest.
19 14, 3 1 year-old Kafka wrote the novel The Trial, which tells the story of a man named Joseph K who was arrested on the morning of his 30th birthday.
What crime did he commit? Who sued him? Who is enforcing these laws? I don't know anything!
Like a ridiculous birthday joke, Joseph K had no choice but to stand trial. He doesn't know who is testing him. He didn't see the judge or the court. It's like an island. For a year, he was at a loss, looking for, begging for mercy and giving up. ...
However, from beginning to end, Joseph K didn't know what he had done wrong, but he knew that this kind of resistance was useless, so he gave up his fate and was finally taken to the quarry by two weirdos on the eve of 3 1 birthday.
An innocent condemned man and two strange executioners, this kind of trial is like Kafka's absurd dream, which still continues his alienation, division and repression? Elements and styles of writing ...
You may think that Kafka, who wrote these words and stories, should be a person who is out of tune with society, but if you know a little about his life, you will find that Kafka himself is the opposite of what we glimpsed from the novel.
Kafka was a little shy when he worked in an insurance company, but everyone liked him very much.
Kafka was born in a Jewish family in Prague from 65438 to 0883. His father has a bad temper and his mother is timid. He has three sisters and two younger brothers who died young.
Therefore, as the only male in the family, he was forced to become the key training object of his father.
Kafka's father and mother
Father wants to train Kafka to be a strong, brave person, and most importantly, a successful person like himself, so Kafka is not allowed to speak at the dinner table, nor is he allowed to express his views.
Once he wanted to drink water in the middle of the night, and his violent father carried him to the balcony like a monster and scolded him severely. Little Kafka left an indelible scar in his heart.
In the father's view, his son has a major defect. He didn't inherit his tough physique, nor did he have a shrewd business mind. He only knows how to write messy things and make some friends who are not doing their jobs.
But even if his father didn't have any good comments on Kafka, Kafka was extremely eager to get his father's approval.
He liked literature and writing since he was a child, but he studied law according to his father's wishes and unexpectedly obtained a doctorate in law.
But even so, Kafka, regarded as "excellent" by ordinary people, failed to get his father's approval. In his father's view, all he did was a job.
As far as Kafka's father is concerned, it is obviously not helpful for Kafka's growth. In fact, under the education of a strong father, Kafka's personality is more introverted, timid, depressed and even inferior. ...
Kafka didn't mention his father in any of his works, but in October of1919, Kafka wrote a 47-page letter to his father, in which Kafka told how his childhood was deformed:
All my books are related to you, and what I write in them is nothing more than what I can't say in front of you.
So it was George who listened to his father and threw himself into the river at the trial!
He's the one who didn't know what his problem was in the trial!
Greg, who is not liked by his family in Metamorphosis, is also him!
decay
The story in his works is actually a reflection of his own experience. Even if he is full of joy in front of people every day, he is still the little Kafka who longs for his father's approval, but returns to his room with extreme inferiority.
Childhood Kafka
We can also understand why Kafka entrusted his friends to burn all his manuscripts before he died, because he didn't write for fame and fortune. These works were more or less secret inner monologues, and he was afraid that others would laugh at him through them.
Small theater:
There are similarities between Balzac and Kafka after 84 years. They all grew into legendary writers in an unexpected environment. Balzac failed in business and had to pay his debts through literary creation. After Balzac went bankrupt, France lost a successful businessman, but the world gained an excellent writer.
Kafka's sensitive personality and autocratic father are of course Kafka's misfortune, but he has become an outstanding expert in human nature analysis. Prague lost a happy teenager, but the world gained a master of art.
Kafka Biography-Max Broder
Metamorphosis-Franz Kafka
Trial-Franz Kafka
The Trial-Franz Kafka
A Letter to Father-Franz Kafka
Planning? |? Five minutes studio
Editor? |? Zhang shiwu
Illustration? |? Eryu