Wang Guowei, a Confucian scholar at the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, said in his book Ci Hua on Earth: "The great cause of ancient times, the questioner of the university, must go through three realms."
The first area
"Last night, the west wind withered green trees. Being alone in a tall building, looking at the horizon. " This sentence comes from Yan Shu's The Recent Flower. The original intention is that what I saw from the tall building is more like autumn scenery in "Little Sa", with yellow leaves in the west wind and wide mountains and long waters. What case is it? In Wang Guowei's words, a learned and successful person must first have persistent pursuit, climb high and look far, have a bird's eye view of the path, make clear the goal and direction, and understand the general situation of things.
The second area
"The belt is getting wider and wider, and I don't regret it. I am thin for Iraq. " This sentence is the last two sentences in Liu Yong's Dead Hua Lian in the Northern Song Dynasty. The original words show the author's hardships and regrets about love. It is also acceptable to understand the word "Yi" as the ideal pursued by the poet and the career he has been engaged in all his life. Wang Guowei has ulterior motives. These two sentences are compared to great career and university questioner. They are not easy to get, they must be firm. After some efforts, they forgot to eat and sleep until they lost bandwidth, and they regretted it.
The third realm
"Looking for him in the crowd, I suddenly turned around and the man was there, dimly lit." It is the last four sentences in Xin Qiji's Jade Case in the Southern Song Dynasty. Liang Qichao called this word "self-pity and loneliness, and sad people have their own arms." This is a metaphor, which has nothing to do with literary appreciation. Wang Guowei has already made it clear that "you can get involved without working". He regards the last four sentences of this word as the third "realm", that is, the ultimate highest realm. Although this is not Xin Qiji's original intention, it can also lead to a long-term vision. To reach the third realm, a scholar and a great career must have a dedicated spirit, pursue research repeatedly and work hard. Naturally, they will suddenly understand, discover and invent, and then they can enter the realm of freedom from the realm of necessity.
The "realm" mentioned above mainly refers to the accomplishment or degree that people can achieve, and the "three realms" theory has obvious progressive significance. Wang Guowei's "The Thorn on Earth" also divides the "realm" from other angles, such as "where there is me, where there is no me", tears ask the flowers to be speechless, red flies over the swing ","cold as a lonely pavilion in spring, cuckoo in the sunset ",which has my place. "Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, you can see Nanshan leisurely", "Cold wave starts, Bai Niao is leisurely", and there is no place for me. If you have my own environment, you can see things with me, so everything is my color. Without me, we look at things in terms of things, and we don't know what is mine and what is physical. The ancients wrote ci, and many people wrote my realm. However, you can't write the realm without me before the beginning, which can be heard among heroes. In addition, he expounded and divided the realm from the perspectives of the size of the realm, the creation and writing of the realm, and the division of the two schools of idealism and realism.
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The field of writing
The first realm is to have feelings and write articles with feelings.
The second realm is writing a proposition, that is, giving you a proposition, you can write an article.
The third realm is to make you feel everything you write, so that you can write better articles.
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The field of reading
Reading a beautiful article, enjoying a poem, touching details in the text and touching art in the poem will all remind you of your memories and fantasies about life, and then you want to refine your life with a pen and express your feelings. In this way, a creative inspiration, a creative impulse arises spontaneously. Because literary works, as the crystallization of human wisdom, come from the vast history and colorful scenery of the world. As long as you put your heart and soul into it, you will understand all kinds of magic between the lines, countless ups and downs, the philosophy of the world, and all kinds of connotations and true meanings that make people happy and sad, live for it and die for it.
First, Wang Guowei's "realm" enlightenment
Wang Guowei describes the "Three Realms" by collecting ancient famous sentences in "The Thorn on Earth", which is very enlightening for our reading and writing. "Last night, the west wind withered green trees. A person on a tall building can see the end of the world. " This is the first place. "Clothes are getting wider and wider, and I am thin for Iraq. I don't regret it." This is also the second situation. "I looked for him in the crowd for thousands of Baidu, and suddenly I looked back, but the man was in the dim light." So is this third place.
In my opinion, the first realm shows that people often feel confused and rambling before reading, and don't know where to start. This requires a person to be determined, enthusiastic and confident to actively engage in reading.
The second realm shows that reading will not be smooth sailing, there will be rapids and dangerous beaches, and if you don't advance, you will retreat. This requires a person to persevere and step by step in order to make progress and gain something.
The third realm shows that after tenacious efforts, a person will be suddenly enlightened and feel that the future is bright; But he can't stop there, he must make persistent efforts and devote himself to new reading with full emotion and strong perseverance.
Second, the writing thinking triggered by the reading realm
Standing in front of a book, it seems that a mountain, a river, a tree, an experience, and a person with different imaginations and shapes suddenly stand in front of you. At this moment, you have entered the realm of reading.
In Du Fu's poem, he said, "Reading is like breaking ten thousand volumes, and writing is like being divine."
I think it's just like "eating mulberries" and "spinning". Imagine how much mulberry leaves silkworms have to eat before they spit out silver silk! By the same token, if we want to finish our studies, we must read widely.
At the age of 16, Bai Juyi wrote an immortal poem, "Grass rushes across the plain and comes and goes with the seasons", which is inseparable from his eagerness to learn, his tongue is sore and his elbow is sore.
Ouyang Xiu in the Northern Song Dynasty once said: "Most of the articles I write on weekdays are in' three places': immediately, on the pillow and in the toilet."
Shakespeare has mastered more than 10,000 words by reading a lot, so the characters in his works are so colorful and the dialogues are so interesting and philosophical.
Lu Xun's essays are sharp and pungent, just like throwing a gun and dagger, which makes friends rejoice and makes enemies lose heart. This is by no means a day's work. He began to study poetry classics at the age of six. When he was young, he had been reading Chinese and foreign classics, so he was able to write freely and Wen Ruo ran smoothly.
This is exactly "a golden sentence breaks a coil, and a load of mulberry leaves is a wisp of silk"!
But in the face of a vast sea of books, we should also choose carefully, "read widely, but not be proficient in one book." Textbook knowledge is far from enough, just a drop in the ocean. We must read more useful, interesting and valuable books to broaden our horizons, increase our knowledge, broaden our horizons and enrich our interests.
As the poem says, "John Wan in the chest, boasting poetry books."
How to "have poetry in your stomach"?
"Back" is also called "having a good knowledge and memory". Some noun terms, theorems and formulas, famous sayings and epigrams, historical anecdotes, geographical knowledge and excellent poems should be recited, chewed, digested and absorbed repeatedly, so that they can become the reserves in their own minds, and finally reach the realm of "what they say is all in my mouth" and "what they mean is all in my heart".
Improve reading efficiency, reading taste and reading quality.
Confucius has long had the method of "learning without thinking is useless, thinking without learning is dangerous".
It's like cows eating grass. Swallow it first, then pour it back into your mouth and chew it carefully at rest. This method of chewing back to digest forage and absorb nutrition is enlightening for reading.
Reading, like sightseeing, has a distance. Smart people often stand outside the book and choose the right angle. Su Shi's viewpoint that "from the side of the mountain, the heights are different" reveals that reading is the same as understanding the laws of things, so we should jump out of the limitations and get out of the narrow mentality to the point that "all other mountains are dwarfed under the sky." .
Wang Zhihuan's "Go up a storey still higher, and you will broaden your horizons for three hundred miles" is not only a summary of the poet's life, but also a profound revelation of the poet's true meaning of life, and it is also an exhortation poem.
Third, the secret of reaching the highest level of reading
The following story will tell us the secret of reading.
On the first day of school, Socrates, a great philosopher in ancient Greece, said to his students, "Today we only learn the simplest and easiest things to do. Everyone throws their arms forward as much as possible and then throws them back as much as possible. " Socrates said, and demonstrated it again: "Starting today, do it 300 times a day. Can everyone do it? "
The students all laughed. What can't be done with such a simple thing? After a month, Socrates asked the students, "Who insists on cutting 300 times a day?" 90% of the students raised their hands proudly. After another month, Socrates asked again, this time, only 80% of the students persisted.
A year later, Socrates asked everyone again: "Please tell me, which students are still insisting on the simplest cutting practice?" At this time, only one person in the whole classroom raised his hand. This student is Plato, another great philosopher in ancient Greece.
Therefore, the easiest thing in the world is persistence, and the most difficult thing is persistence. It's simple, because anyone can do it if they want to. This is difficult, because only a few people can really do it. The secret of reaching the highest level of reading is persistence.
A book is a window, and a book with four walls is a thousand landscapes. The wise man walked through it, leaving the footsteps of the times. We are about to open up new roads and create beautiful scenery.