Main points of the outline. The content of the outline should include the general idea, paragraph general idea, level or main points; The main material tips to be used in each paragraph; The detailed arrangement of each paragraph and the writing method to be used in each paragraph. This can make the writing ideas smooth, the structure complete and the details appropriate.
Outline point 3. Outline structure. Always find a basis to compile an outline of the composition, taking narrative as an example.
There are four bases: ① According to the process of things (cause, process and result). (2), according to the chronological order (morning, noon, evening).
(3), according to the description of the character (appearance character action). (4), according to the transformation of space (home, on the way, school).
Outline points 4. The outline is not too good, as long as it can be understood, even if there are sick sentences, missing words and typos, it is good to put them in formal writing.
2. How to write an outline in junior high school composition The procedure of writing an outline is as follows: First, draw up a topic.
(a) the title is closely related to the theme, but it serves the theme; The title can be changed, but the theme can't be changed at will. The leading proposition of examination composition should avoid the previous proposition and its fixed routine, and be based on foundation and practicality, giving candidates room to play.
The test questions will have the flavor of the times and conform to the life and ideological reality of the candidates. Such a proposition has a wide range of applications and strives to give candidates something to say.
(2) The composition of the exam is mostly propositional composition, and there are also many conditions that allow candidates to make their own propositions after providing materials. This must be carefully and slowly examined (as well as your own proposition). The ancients often used the method of grasping the topic, such as the word "ugly" in the inscription of the humble room.
The ancients divided the complete topic into body, spirit and eyes, such as "feelings of parting". As a "difference", that is, the main content, God is "Yi Yi", that is, measuring color and aiming at "emotion", that is, the core key. Another example is "Analysis of Social Classes in China", entitled "Social Classes in China" and "Analysis".
The ancient method of examining questions gives inspiration to today's exam. Today's topic review is also to review the meaning of the topic, clarify the requirements of the topic, and grasp the key points to make the composition targeted.
Examining questions is the key to the success or failure of composition. The steps are as follows: Step one, clarify the relationship between the topic, theme and content, analyze each restrictive word, and grasp the topic and key points.
The modifiers of the heading words show a limited scope. For example, the story of a hero inspired me, and the restrictive words are "one" and "hero".
The title component also limits the style, content, theme and characters of the composition. For example, knowledge is power, and writing argumentative papers is restricted.
And "one thing that should be forgotten" limits the writing of narrative. 1. Analyze the meaning of each word for the topic marked with material scope and content focus, and then comprehensively grasp the topic.
For example, "teach me something": "give it to me" means that this matter is related to yourself; "Lessons" should show the educational significance of events in the composition, which is the topic or key point, and the composition should take this as the central content and basic clue. For example, one of my good habits focuses on the word "good".
2. For topics with profound implications, we should contact reality and ourselves to see the big picture from the small. For example, the key is to associate life or society from the Window in front of you.
Another example is "climbing" and "I want to be a little bee". 3. For topics that provide clues, the scope and focus of the composition should be determined around the clues.
For example, "I am practicing a motto", and the clue is "motto", so we should associate it with it, especially with real life and ourselves. Can not leave the meaning of "motto".
Another example is "lucky money" and so on. 4. Ask yourself the topic of providing specific materials.
This is a semi-propositional composition. Need to analyze and grasp the center of gravity of materials.
Such as materials: "1On March 27th, 954, Einstein wrote back to an American self-taught intern mechanic and said," I think your view of our society is quite reasonable. ..... Your letter also made me realize that wisdom comes not from academic qualifications, but from lifelong unremitting pursuit of knowledge. "
The emphasis is on Einstein's views on wisdom, education and pursuit, not his contribution. Some materials will have more than two important meanings and should be analyzed from different angles.
For example, on the eve of the return of Hong Kong-June 1. Ke Shouliang, the "first pilot in Asia", successfully flew over Hukou Waterfall of the Yellow River in order to present a precious gift to the motherland, completing another feat of Chinese people conquering nature.
Before flying to the Yellow River, he said that he would use his successful flight to announce to the world that the people of China are not cowards. "Without a soul, life is like the waves of the sea ... if you work hard, you will win."
This is Ke Shouliang's favorite song. This material has two critics, one is Ke Shouliang's fighting spirit (not his achievement), and the other is Ke Shouliang's patriotic spirit.
Candidates wrote such topics as "Hard work leads to victory", "Hard work is the most important thing", "The spirit of hard work" and "Patriotism needs doers". The second step is to determine the theme of the composition, that is, to make a decision, that is, to write a judgment sentence.
The theme is a clear understanding of oneself, which must meet the requirements of the proposition and be correct and profound. For example, the topic is "My family" and the theme can be determined as: "My family is a kind and noble person."
For example, Einstein's material mentioned above, you can write a theme like this: "Wisdom comes from the lifelong pursuit of knowledge." As mentioned earlier, Ke Shouliang's materials, except "On the Spirit of Struggle", are all themes.
For example, what is the value of life? You can write the theme "Life value is contribution". (3) the question type gives the material composition a custom topic.
In other words, the topics of the composition should be classified. Taking the relationship between the title and the theme as the main criterion, the title types are as follows.
A is the topic of literary composition: 1. This kind of title is very common, because symbolism is traditional and conforms to the essence of literature.
Such titles in famous literary works include Red Sorghum, Castle and Old Well. The topics of the senior high school entrance examination are Climbing, Windows, My Footprints and I Want to Be a Little Bee.
2. Point out the content of the composition, that is, the scope of the subject matter. This kind of address is also very common.
For example, the title of the model essay is Me in Mom's Eyes, Affectionate Friendship and Remembering a Flag Raising Activity. 3. Something related to the theme, or the language of the characters.
For example, My Memories, Schoolbag and Lucky Money. 4. Name, place name, time, etc.
For example, maternal love, on the way to school and on Sunday. This title requires: image, implication and novelty.
Famous literary works, such as The True Story of Ah Q, are novel and unique, blending local culture and foreign culture. It has pictographic function, like A Q and China people dragging their pigtails in the late Qing Dynasty. A good title makes the finishing point, makes people fall in love at first sight, and reflects the author's literary attainments.
China women's volleyball team lost to Cuba 0-3, and beat Cuba 3-0 at the University Games the following year. Most news headlines accurately sum up this fact. There is a headline that is quite vivid, "Give her a 3-0".
This title that shows the background, pride and sense of humor is easy to understand and catchy. Note: Custom topics can be original and novel, but the theme cannot be separated from the limitation of material content.
3. Writing skills in Grade One say that writing can't be separated from four aspects.
First of all, we should be diligent in accumulating new materials (including new people, new events and new ideas) that can reflect the characteristics of the new era. Nowadays, society is changing with each passing day, and there are many news events that can reflect the essence of society, such as truth, goodness, beauty, falsehood, ugliness and evil. Then, can students consciously pay attention and learn to absorb it seriously? This question is worth discussing by Chinese teachers! Judging from the requirements of the development level of college entrance examination composition, one of them is "innovation", that is, it puts forward one thing that makes the composition brilliant: the materials should be fresh; From the point of view that high school students must have a "Chinese social view", without it, it means that high school Chinese textbooks and readers are excellent, or it is possible to draw water with a sieve. Why? Due to the weak social awareness of the concept of China people, there is a lack of understanding, analysis and evaluation of nature, human, nation, country, society and the world. At present, many news media, such as newspapers, magazines, radio, television and the Internet, are closely related to our lives. Then, as a Chinese teacher, we should provide conditions to serve students wholeheartedly in writing, cut and paste newspapers and news, collect fresh articles by ourselves, and organize students to read newspapers, listen to the radio and watch some life and social programs of provincial and CCTV. In this way, the teacher becomes active and passive, so that every student can consciously accumulate materials for the new era. Over time, students' vision of social Chinese will be broadened. It is worth mentioning that students should not be allowed to read after class. Students are generally required to write a "reading note", including title, source, genre, length, author, abstract, feelings and evaluation. It is particularly worth mentioning that the feelings and comments in the notes must be written by the students themselves, bold, individual, insightful and colorful.
Secondly, the common writing methods and skills are accumulated and applied to the usual composition practice. There are ***6 Chinese textbooks (compulsory books) published by People's Education Publishing House, each with modern and contemporary prose. Chinese teachers should carefully study the writing methods and skills in articles, often analyze with students why Chinese and foreign writers write well, discuss with students whether there are more "bright spots" in articles, and combine with students' reality to see if students can accept them, so that they can boldly use writing methods to guide themselves. For example, reading the first unit of the second volume of the full-time Chinese textbook for senior high schools (compulsory) published by People's Education Press, my students and I concluded that Blessing has a great writing technique, flashback recording; "Border Town" has a great writing technique, the psychological description of the characters (written through fantasy or dreams); There are two writing techniques in Lotus Lake: ① environmental description; ② A comprehensive description of the characters' language, movements and demeanor; The Man in the Condom has a great writing technique, that is, the cartoon method of writing people (using satirical cartoon method). Teachers must emphasize that writing notes should be taken well, especially asking students to understand and feel consciously in their spare time, and urging students to apply what they have learned.
Third, accumulate common or rare sentences and paragraphs with literary talent. In recent years, students' expanded sentences, compressed paragraphs, imitation sentences, and changed sentence patterns have attracted attention in the sixth question of college entrance examination. This can fully reflect the necessity of gloomy writing language from another angle. Of course, one of the requirements of the development level of college entrance examination composition is "literary talent", that is, students are required to use vivid words, flexible sentences, be good at using rhetorical devices and make sentences meaningful. Then, students must strengthen the accumulation of sentences and paragraphs in this area at ordinary times. Chinese teachers should emphasize that it is not only a waste of time to extract the whole article, but also futile and even counterproductive; Only by collecting some literary sentences and paragraphs, chewing, studying and using them repeatedly can we achieve remarkable results and excel.
Finally, strengthen your practice ability of "operating" to modify your composition. At present, the general routine writing teaching is that students spend an hour writing a big composition independently, then the teacher corrects it carefully, and finally the teacher comments patiently. Of course, this has a certain effect, but often the effect is half the effort. Why? Because a series of writing teaching processes are teacher-centered. If students are allowed to be teachers-evaluating teachers is not necessarily worse than the teachers themselves! Let them start by looking for typos, punctuation errors, improper words, ill sentences, opening sentences or paragraphs, turning sentences or paragraphs, literary sentences, meaningful and philosophical sentences, good materials with fresh breath, the center of the full text of the topic, the ending echoing the opening sentence, and the "phoenix head, pig belly and leopard tail". Perseverance, students with poor composition gradually became interested, and the initiative and enthusiasm of the whole class were greatly improved.
These "skills that are not skills" are composed of four aspects, which are interdependent. The key is that teachers should boldly let go, focus on students and arouse their enthusiasm in writing teaching; Teachers should start from the basic grade and persevere. In addition, Chinese teachers should boldly write down the composition of water and use it to test the correctness of the theory.
4. How to write a detailed composition outline for junior high school composition articles generally has two forms.
1. Title outline
This kind of outline is relatively simple, and only paragraph titles are written.
This is a headline composition outline, and brave and concise words mark the writing points of each paragraph. It is characterized by concise writing and high speed, and is suitable for situations that are familiar with the writing content or time is tight. But for beginners, it is difficult to play a guiding role in writing.
2. Point contour
This kind of outline is more detailed, which not only shows the center of the composition, but also writes the general content of the composition; At the same time, it is necessary to explain the details of the article.
(3) Requirements for compiling an outline
1. Review questions, center and select materials.
Composition outline is the basis of writing a good composition, which should be written in three orders: examining the topic, establishing the center and selecting materials.
Composition topics generally provide us with the scope of writing (taking notes, writing scenes, writing objects, etc.). ) and writing problems (narrative, expository, argumentative). Therefore, only by examining the questions, can we know what to write and how to write, and can we avoid the problem of irrelevant text.
The central idea is the soul of an article. When writing an outline, only by establishing the center can we focus on selecting materials, determining key points and arranging details. When selecting materials, we should pay attention to closely surrounding the central idea of the article and choose authentic, fresh and interesting materials, so as to clearly and profoundly express the central idea of the article.
Step 2 be concise and clear
The composition outline is just an idea, a composition framework. Therefore, the outline of the composition should be complete and not too complicated; Be concise and achieve the purpose of writing.
5. How to outline a composition is also called a composition plan.
Sketching a composition is to make a composition plan. It is the concrete external expression of conceiving and arranging chapters.
The outline of the article is divided into vertical and horizontal. We mainly study eight common kinds.
That is, there are four kinds of horizontal structures: subtitle, parallelism, repetition and contrast. There are four kinds of vertical structures: one line running through, suspense setting, scene blending and implication.
Let's take a closer look at these eight sketching methods. 1. Composition outline in horizontal structure: Cleverly arranging subheadings [Pointing out the maze] The simplest one in horizontal structure is to use subheadings, that is, to present the writing content of the second part of the article in the form of subheadings, and to arrange a group of things or scenes belonging to different categories but internally related together according to almost the same sentence structure to express the same theme.
On the first day when Wu Huisi entered Class 8, you will be surprised to find that three special figures appeared frequently on the podium. They have distinctive styles and behaviors, which will leave a deep impression on you soon.
Yes, they are the "three treasures" of Class 38, Grade 8. Now I present them to you one by one. A treasure-like mother type. She is small, but she has extraordinary explosive power when giving lectures.
She loves to laugh, and always gives us a hearty laugh at one or two naughty words. She is very considerate and takes care of us in her study and life.
She is Miss Ye. Teacher Ye teaches mathematics, so in normal times, she gives me the impression that she is a very smart person.
But I prefer to watch her in class. When Mr. Ye got excited, his hands kept "fighting" in the air. When he speaks a word, his teeth will bite tightly, quite like the style of Sui talking about Cixi in Lecture Room.
I also found that when I talk to Mr. Ye, Mr. Ye will tidy your collar by hand while talking, which makes people feel kind and comfortable. Oh, she is just like our mother, ordinary and simple.
Two treasures-Western trend teacher Liu Meirong is a famous "Westernization" teacher among girls. Every time she walks in front of us, she always has a unique flavor, which makes people unforgettable, whether in dress or manners.
Teacher Liu's class is also her most beautiful moment. The tone of English flowing from her mouth is as sweet as a ditty.
And Mr. Liu's "little moves" are also quite a few. When you ask questions, you will lean forward slightly and listen, or draw a few arcs in the air with your hands, or blink your eyes quickly with excitement.
Some naughty boys tried to tease her, but Miss Liu easily slipped out a few clever words to refute. Crisp, beautiful and neat.
Every move reveals a unique European woman breath. Three treasures-gentle type Ask the youngest teacher in Class 38, Grade 8. The teacher must be Liu Meifang.
However, "youngest" is not the same as "inexperience". Liu Meifang is a decent and respected teacher, no matter what he says or does.
Big sister who is considered by many students to be better than any teacher. She exudes the charm of literature, and her smile contains encouragement and infinite enthusiasm for teaching.
Teacher Liu speaks softly and treats us as friends. When you talk to her, you will feel that you are surrounded by encouragement.
However, she is not lacking in severity. Combine rigidity with softness to show the beauty of a new generation of women.
The structure of this paper is very obvious. The first part prompts the main content of this paper-the "three treasures" of Class 38 in junior high school; The second part writes three treasures in the form of subheadings-Ye, a kind and motherly math teacher, Liu, a western English teacher, and Liu, a gentle Chinese teacher; The third part summarizes the viewpoints of this paper. The composition with this structure is simple and easy to learn, especially suitable for students whose composition foundation is at the middle and lower level.
Please write in the horizontal structure of the subtitle. It is required to outline (prepare a subtitle) first, and then write 1 It's nice to smile. 2. Close.
6. How to write an outline when writing a composition, we should consider how to organize and arrange the materials after reviewing the topic, establishing the center of the article and selecting materials around the center. It is very important to organize and sort out the material is to sort out the structural level. Today, let's discuss how to write a composition outline.
Let me talk about the significance of writing an outline first.
When we write a composition, we often don't make comprehensive arrangements for the materials to be written, and we write wherever we think. As the saying goes, "step on the watermelon skin and slip away." This kind of scribbling can easily lead to disorganization, level confusion, or omission of some main contents, or reversal of the order of materials, or complexity, or improper details. ...
Sometimes I can't even stop, or I can't write, and I'm stuck.
This often happens in life, which tells us to take fewer detours and avoid or reduce the problems I mentioned in my composition just now. We must pay attention to learning to write an outline in our homework.
What is a composition outline? An outline is a summary of the article and a concise writing plan. It is as important to have an outline before writing as it is to have a design before building a house. The famous writer Lao She once said: "Although we only need to write two or three thousand words, we must first write an outline ... With the outline, we will have a bottom in our hearts, and it will be logical to write it; Trouble first, then you can save trouble. " Although this passage is addressed to workers, it also applies to us. Writing an outline is an effective way to improve the ability of structured articles.
To build a house, you must first have a design drawing, and then lay the foundation, erect supports, build bricks on the wall, lay tiles and install doors and windows according to the drawing. If you don't draw the design drawings first, then you will definitely have problems, or you will have to rework them all.
Let me talk about the main points of writing an outline: first, the main points and centers of the composition outline. Second: the composition outline should reflect the level. When writing an outline, we should grasp the level of paragraphs and think carefully. Writing can be handy, and writing can be logical and clear. Third, the composition outline should reflect the key points. The material of an article has both heavy and light functions for the expression center. Only by reflecting the key points in the compilation of the outline can the composition be focused and detailed. The details of the article should be further subdivided into small levels, so as to have a clear context and highlight the key points.
Don't rush to deal with the problem when you do it. I make these demands: 1. Read the questions and check them; Make clear the meaning of the composition topic and the requirements. 4. Determine the content, and determine the composition content according to the topic requirements; 3. Establish the center, define the writing purpose and establish the center according to the topic requirements and composition content; 4. Select materials, and select the composition materials according to the composition center.
In the outline stage, it is mainly clear how to write, carefully design the articles to be written and arrange the materials. This is the most important step. At this stage, we mainly focus on two links: one is to clarify our thinking, and the other is to highlight the details. After the outline is written, it should be carefully checked to see whether the materials conform to the center, whether the materials are omitted or repeated, whether the organization is clear and whether the key points are prominent. When problems are found, they should be corrected in time.
7. How to write a composition in the first day of junior high school to get a high score is a headache. There are three main reasons for poor writing performance in senior one. First, the composition structure is unclear, second, I don't know what to write when writing, and third, the composition has no bright spots. There are also three solutions to these three problems.
1. That is, you can make an outline before writing, and it is not easy to digress when you follow the outline when writing.
2. Accumulate more in peacetime and accumulate writing materials through some activities. In the past, when their Chinese was excellent, the teacher paid great attention to the children's usual accumulation. For example, they will accumulate some good words and sentences by guiding reading, so that they can use them in writing.
3. Summarize some good ways to start and end, so that the content of the composition will not be too boring. You can also accumulate some famous sayings and anecdotes. , used in composition is also a bright spot.
The above three solutions and skills can be properly used by senior one children to improve their writing ability.
8. How to write a senior one composition with memories? The good memories of the past time no longer exist, but what leaves me the most is the memories in time.
I once fantasized about going back in time, but I couldn't do it after all, so in my heart, the past life left me only good memories ... I recalled spring, the season when birds sang and flowers were fragrant. We sang loudly and walked on the field path.
Spring outing attracts children most, but cooking and running games are more enjoyable. We sat under the tree and looked at the sky.
The sky is blue. Under the blue sky, the branches have sprouted, and I seem to see them grow sturdily, bathed in the spring sunshine. Isn't that bud exactly what we are full of vitality? I remember summer, a season full of new green.
There are countless flowers and grasses growing in that small garden that belongs to me. The grass is shining and the flowers are blooming more brightly! Sporadic flowers are scattered in the small garden. Although not as charming as peony, not as fragrant as jasmine, it is still so lovely and beautiful.
In the distance, a yellow dot flies, it is near, it is closer! Oh, it's a bee, Tiny. It landed on a wild chrysanthemum, sucking the sweet nectar.
When it leaves, the pollen goes with it, and along with the bees, it settles everywhere. Isn't that our hardworking gardener? I remember autumn, the harvest season.
In the field, you see, it is full of gold, which keeps fluctuating with the wind, just like rolling waves. In the orchard, apples and pears are covered with branches, watery and mouth-watering.
Take a bite, the fragrance is overflowing and it will be unforgettable for a long time. On campus, we chattered endlessly. After a summer vacation, we miss each other.
During the summer vacation, we learned a lot. Isn't that knowledge our harvest? I remember winter, a warm season. Although the leaves have fallen, occasionally a bird can be seen singing in the tree; Although the grass is yellow, it will grow again next year; Although the cold wind on New Year's Day is still biting, New Year's greeting cards are full of warmth everywhere.
It entrusted the friendship, sincerity and blessings of the students. Isn't that the warmth for a long time? I recall the past and look forward to the future. Let them be full of birds, full of new green, doomed to harvest, full of warmth.
Let them leave me more beautiful memories! Adopt me! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! .
9. How to write the outline of this composition in spring? Just list the outline and see what you think, how you write it, and what method you want to use. From my writing point of view, I will do the first paragraph: clouds in summer, about describing the changes of clouds in a summer, for example, the sun is fierce, the clouds are obvious and have no power. The second paragraph: autumn clouds, about describing the changes of autumn clouds, for example. Like fallen leaves, they can't stand the baptism of the wind, and so on. In the third paragraph, the winter clouds are also described. For example, clouds in winter are like bare land, which makes people feel empty. (The above three paragraphs write down the differences and even the bad places of the other three seasons by comparison. In the fourth paragraph, Chunyun is described in beautiful words. For example, grass comes out of the ground and clouds are changing.