The Last Lesson is a short story written by French novelist alphonse Daodai, 1873, which was first published in The Story of Moonlight.

"The Last Lesson" tells the story of a rural primary school that was forcibly ceded by Prussia in the Franco-Prussian War. It took the last lesson of bidding farewell to its mother tongue, and through the eyes of a child, it showed the humiliation of the whole occupied area and the deep yearning for its homeland.

The last lesson has refined materials, concise words, clear themes and compact structure. Every paragraph and sentence closely echoes the theme, and there is no nonsense or idle writing. These two thousand words can be said that every word has a function, and there is an infinite and far-reaching artistic conception between the lines.

Extended data writing background:

Dude experienced the Franco-Prussian War from 1870 to 187 1 year, when he was drafted into the army. The Franco-Prussian War is a war in modern European history. The war was initiated by France. Louis bonaparte (also known as Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte), the second emperor of France, declared war on Prussia in order to prevent the Prussian kingdom from unifying the German states by force and safeguard France's hegemony in the European continent.

However, after the war began, the French army was exhausted and lost ground. 1September, 870, a decisive battle was fought in Sedang, eastern France, and the French army was defeated. Louis bonaparte himself became a prisoner of Prussia. Prussian Prime Minister Bismarck is also an ambitious guy. After defeating France and completing the reunification of Germany, he went on to covet French territory and wanted to dominate the European continent.

Taking advantage of the defeat of the Multiplier Army and the chaos in France, the Prussian army marched in until it surrounded Paris. Wherever they went, Prussian soldiers burned and looted, arousing the anger of people from all walks of life in France. At this time, the nature of this war has become Prussia's aggressive war against France. The whole French people took up arms to fight against the Prussian invaders and defend the motherland. Workers in Paris also revolted on March 187 10, and established the first proletarian regime in world history-Paris Commune.

The bourgeois national defense government, which was temporarily established after the demise of the Second Empire, sold itself to the invaders and became an enemy of the people for the sake of honor. Relying on the Prussians' bayonets, they brutally suppressed the Paris Commune and concluded agreements and treaties that humiliated the country and the country with the aggressors. In the Frankfurt Peace Treaty of May 187 1, France promised to pay 5 billion francs and cede the whole province of Alsace and part of Lorraine to Prussia.

Since then, the people of Alsace and eastern Lorraine have been ravaged by foreign countries and suffered from national subjugation for half a century, and they did not return to the embrace of the motherland until after the First World War. Dude witnessed the fiasco of France in the Franco-Prussian War and was infected by the patriotic spirit of the people. His life in the war broadened his horizons and gained a new source of creation.

The Story of Yue Yao, a collection of short stories published by 1873, is the crystallization of his creation during this period. Some of these works directly focus on the Franco-Prussian War, or expose the corruption of the second imperial army, or satirize the meanness and incompetence of military generals, or praise the feelings of ordinary people who love the motherland and will to resist aggression. The short story The Last Lesson is the first book in this collection.

Content introduction:

Although the theme of "The Last Lesson" is the Franco-Prussian War, it does not describe the war positively. Instead, we use the artistic method of seeing the big from the small to choose a daily life scene-a class in primary school to express this important historical event and the sadness of the people.

Although huge and extraordinary historical events are represented by ordinary daily life, this does not mean that any scene in daily life can represent a huge event, just as not every flower represents the arrival of spring.

Dodd chose a life segment that condensed this great event: this is the last French class, and the school will not be allowed to teach the language of the motherland in the future, and students will learn the language of foreign rulers from now on! The author condensed a significant topic into an event in daily life.

Thus, a French class in primary schools was promoted to the height of farewell ceremony to the motherland, and the tragic result of the Franco-Prussian War became extremely vivid, so that the theme of the work-the patriotic feelings of ordinary people and the will to resist aggression-was constantly understood and praised by readers in different times and countries.