2 English reference interpersonal relationships
The direct psychological relationship between people, which occurs, develops and establishes in people's material and spiritual communication, is called interpersonal relationship. Interpersonal relationship is a side of social relationship, and its extension is very wide, including friend relationship, husband-wife relationship, parent-child relationship, classmate relationship, teacher-student relationship, comrade relationship and so on. Restricted by production relations and political relations, it is a subordinate relationship in social relations; At the same time, it permeates all aspects of social relations and is the "cross section" of social relations, which in turn affects social relations. It plays a direct and important role in the cohesion and psychological environment of the group.
3 The formation of interpersonal relationship includes three psychological factors: cognition, emotion and behavior.
Cognitive components include the understanding of others and self, which is the result of interpersonal perception.
Emotional component refers to the degree of emotional likes and dislikes of both parties and their satisfaction with the communication status quo. It also includes emotional sensitivity and evaluation attitude towards others and self-success.
Behavior components mainly include the results of activities, the ways of activities and behaviors, expressions, gestures and words, that is, all measurable and recorded quantities.
Among these three factors, emotional factors play a leading role. It restricts the intimacy, depth and stability of interpersonal relationships. It can be seen that emotional interdependence is the characteristic of interpersonal relationships. Generally speaking, in the formal organizational relationship, the behavioral component is the leading component to regulate interpersonal relationships; In informal organizational relations, emotional components bear the main regulatory function.
4 Interpersonal Needs Social psychologist Scott believes that everyone needs others, so they all have interpersonal needs. These requirements can be divided into three categories:
(1) Inclusive needs of interacting with people, making friends and establishing and maintaining harmonious relations with others;
(2) the control demand of establishing and maintaining good relations with those in power;
(3) There is an emotional need to establish and maintain a good relationship with others in love (in a broad sense).
In this way, three different types of needs can be divided into active and passive types, resulting in six basic interpersonal tendencies.
5 factors affecting the establishment of interpersonal relationships