Thinking is the core of intelligence, and the development level of thinking ability directly affects an individual’s intellectual status. Here are the reverse thinking training techniques I bring to you about thinking training methods. I hope you like it!
p>
About the reverse thinking training techniques of thinking training (1)
Story content:
"Help, help!"
Napoleon While riding through a forest, an urgent cry for help suddenly came from the distance. He galloped towards the place where the cry for help came from. Walking through the woods, there is a lake not far away. About 30 meters offshore, a fallen soldier was struggling to drift toward the deep water. Several soldiers on the shore were in a panic, shouting for help and jumping in panic. None of them knew how to swim. Seeing that their friends were about to drown, they were helpless.
At this time, Napoleon rushed to the lake and asked: "Can he swim?"
A soldier replied: "He can only flop a few times, but now he can't." It's floating in the deep water, and you were calling for help just now!"
"Oh!" Napoleon snorted, his mind spinning rapidly, and then he grabbed a gun from the guard who was following closely. , shouted sternly to the soldier who fell into the water: "Why are you still crawling into the lake? Come back quickly. If you go further, I will shoot you!" After that, he fired two shots in front of the man who fell into the water.
Perhaps he heard the stern threats, or the whistle of bullets splashing into the water, or both. The man who fell into the water suddenly turned around and splashed around desperately, finally finding the shallow water. , climbed ashore. His companions were happy for him, and the young man was shocked. Only then did he realize that the person standing in front of him was Napoleon. He said with lingering fear: "Your Majesty, I accidentally fell into the water and was about to drown. Why did you still shoot me?" Your bullet almost hit me, it really scared me to death!"
Napoleon smiled and said: "This is a wild and deep lake. If you float forward and sink to the bottom of the lake, you don't have to. I'm back. I scared you so much, why don't you just turn around and be saved?" The soldier suddenly realized and hurriedly thanked Emperor Napoleon profusely.
You must have read the story of Sima Guang breaking a water tank to save a child. Why is Sima Guang said to be smarter than other children? The reason is that he used reverse thinking. Because in order to prevent the children in the water tank from drowning, we have to find a way to separate people from the water. All other children thought about pulling people out of the water, that is, people leaving the water, but Sima Guang wanted to pull the water out of the people. This kind of breaking through the fixed thinking and thinking about problems from an opposite, topsy-turvy, and opposite perspective is reverse thinking, which is also reverse thinking. In layman's terms, it means thinking about the problem backwards.
The development and changes of things have a certain causal connection, which can be caused by cause and effect, or effect and cause. It has the exchange effect of forward and reverse reasoning. Breaking through the shackles of habitual thinking can Gain cognitive freedom. Reverse thinking should start from the results, think backwards, and go deeper step by step until you get the correct answer. Throughout history, anyone with reverse thinking has created immortal achievements. For example, "burning the cauldron and sinking the boat". The war originally required good transportation and logistical supplies, but Xiang Yu adopted reverse thinking - smashing the pot and sinking the ship. Han Xin "formed with his back to the water", contrary to the combat routine, cut off his own retreat, boosted his morale, and won a complete victory. Kong Ming cleverly designed the "empty city strategy", contrary to the convention of "the soldiers came to block it, and the water came to cover it with soil". He faced the enemy with an empty city and cleverly used the "rebound pipa" strategy to win. There are many specific methods of reverse thinking:
Method 1: Reverse reverse thinking.
This method refers to thinking from the opposite direction of known things. The "opposite direction of things" often involves reverse thinking from the aspects of function, structure, cause and effect, state relationship, etc. of things.
More than three hundred years ago, people discovered that when people are sick, their body temperature generally rises, but at that time there was no way to accurately measure the extent of the rise in body temperature. So the doctor asked Galileo, a famous scientist at the time, to solve this problem. Galileo devised many plans, but they all failed. Once, he gave an experimental class to his students. He explained while operating and asked the students: "When the water temperature rises, why does the water rise in the container?" "Because the water expands when it heats up and contracts when it cools." The student gave the correct answer. Suddenly, this answer inspired Galileo, and his mind brightened: "On the other hand, wouldn't it be possible to measure changes in temperature from changes in the volume of water?" So Galileo made the world's first Thermometer.
For another example, if electricity can generate magnetism, can magnetism generate electricity? This is how Faraday discovered the principle of electromagnetic induction. Similarly, in 1800, the Italian physicist Volta converted chemical energy into electrical energy for the first time. So, in turn, can electrical energy be converted into chemical energy? The British chemist David conducted a lot of research and finally created the invention of electricity. Chemical. In the past, when saws and planes were used to process wood, the wood did not move while the saw and plane moved. Since people invented fixed electric saws and electric planers, the situation has changed to a situation where the wood moves but the machine does not move. The same is true for the invention of the "elevator". Originally, the "elevator" did not move if people moved it, but now it does not move if the "elevator" moves.
Method 2: Transformational reverse thinking.
This method refers to a thinking method in which when thinking about a problem, because the means to solve the problem are blocked, the thinking perspective is changed to propose a means to solve the problem.
For example, the leakage of ballpoint pens
Oil leakage has always been a difficult problem to solve. Many people think that it is caused by the wear of steel balls, so they are considering strengthening the hardness and wear resistance of steel balls. It took a lot of effort, but it was difficult to break through in terms of materials. A Japanese inventor did not go too far with ordinary people's thinking. He thought that by reducing the oil in the ballpoint pen barrel, the oil in the pen barrel would be used up before the steel balls were worn out, and the oil leakage problem would be solved. ? So he bought a large number of ballpoint pens and used them repeatedly. He calculated how many words were written and how much oil was used in commonly used ballpoint pens before they began to leak. He reduced the amount of oil in the tube and solved the ballpoint pen oil leakage problem based on the oil. .
Method 3: Reverse thinking of shortcomings.
This is a way of thinking that takes advantage of the shortcomings of things, tries to expand the shortcomings, turns the shortcomings into exploitable things, turns passivity into initiative, and turns disadvantages into advantages.
For example, the manager of a fashion store accidentally burned a hole in a high-end wool skirt, and its value plummeted. If you use the darning method to remedy the problem, you will just get away with it and deceive customers. The manager had a sudden idea and dug many more small holes around the small hole. He was good at modifying it and named it "Phoenix Tail Skirt". All of a sudden, the sales of "Phoenix Tail Skirts" exploded, and the fashion store became famous.
Practice
1. Read the story and answer the questions.
An old hunter put four big apples on the plate and asked his three sons to shoot all the apples with the fewest arrows. The eldest son made a gesture and said, "I want to use three arrows." When the second son heard this, he hurriedly said, "Then I will only use two arrows." The younger son thought for a moment and said, "I think one That's enough."
The old hunter was very happy after hearing this, and praised his younger son for being smart, and asked his eldest son and second son to learn from the younger son, not only to have skills, but also to be good at using their brains. The eldest son and the second son were unconvinced and thought the younger son was telling lies. So the younger son shot an arrow and all four apples fell to the ground. Do you know how he shot down the apple?
2. A truck loaded with goods wanted to pass under a bridge, but the goods were loaded one centimeter higher than the passing height. and cannot pass. The driver got out of the car and looked carefully, but couldn't think of a solution. When he was about to turn around and walk away, a child said something to him. The driver thought it made sense, and finally listened to the child and passed the bridge smoothly. What did the child say?
Reference answers:
1. Shoot down the plate to shoot away all the apples.
2. Let some of the air out of the tires.
Tips
Always do some counter-experience training, such as not turning off the TV before going to bed and leaving it on all night; eating without brushing your teeth in the morning; and going out without an umbrella when it rains. . All this can help you improve your reverse thinking ability!
Famous quotes
Thinking starts with questions and surprises. ――Aristotle
Regarding thinking training methods: exercising the right brain to cultivate creativity (2)
Human society has entered the 21st century, and cultivating creative talents is new. The high-tech revolution of the century requires the right brain. Providing early education to young children to promote brain tissue development, enhance thinking and memory abilities, and cultivate creativity from an early age is the key to talent cultivation.
1. Theoretical basis for exercising the right brain and cultivating creativity. The human brain, viewed from above, is divided into two halves, the right hemisphere and the left hemisphere, called the right brain and the left brain. The left brain is mainly responsible for speaking, listening, numerical calculations, logical reasoning and other activities. The right brain is mainly used for listening to music, watching paintings, and performing intuitive imagination and other activities. Therefore, the right brain is endowed with the intuitive brain and the artistic brain, and some people call it the creative brain. The left brain is mainly used in school learning because abstract thinking and logical thinking are dominant; the right brain is used in artistic creative activities because intuitive image thinking is dominant.
History tells us that all those who have achieved success in society have a strong ability to depict images and a direct flash of talent and creativity. Therefore, it is necessary to make full use of the characteristics of children's intuitive image thinking, let them develop their right brain, exercise and develop their right brain, and conduct creative exercises for them.
2. Methods to cultivate creativity
2.1 Let children paint freely
Free painting is to let children draw at will and spread the wings of their imagination. Free drawing is a good stimulating method to cultivate children's image conception and creativity. Children's creativity does not lie in the quality of creation, but in whether they can draw the images they imagine at will. When young children draw their mothers, they always draw their mother’s face to be unusually large. This is because in the child’s image, the mother’s loving face is exaggerated.
When drawing the sun, young children always like to draw colorful lines around the sun. This is because the children want to express the color and brightness of the sun. Based on children's existing life experience, guiding and inspiring children to draw freely is extremely helpful in cultivating children's creativity. On the contrary, the frequent use of outline paintings that only require children to color is not good for cultivating children's creativity. Coloring within a determined framework can only practice hands and help them understand colors.
2.2 Cultivate children’s interest in music and dance
Children’s right brain is responsible for music, dance and other artistic activities. It is human nature to like music, because music not only makes people happy, but also enlightens people's wisdom and spirituality. Relevant studies have found that children who have received good musical enlightenment still maintain strong curiosity and have high enthusiasm for creative activities when they reach adulthood. Therefore, children should be stimulated with harmonious, melodious and soft music, which not only cultivates It not only improves children's musical talent, but also cultivates children's keen sense and ability to distinguish various sounds in the surrounding environment. Parents should also guide children to actively participate in various dance activities and dance gracefully to the accompaniment of music. While cultivating children's sense of beauty, they also cultivate children's imagination.
2.3 Cultivate creativity through games. Games, especially construction games and role games, can develop children's imagination and germinate creativity. Use building blocks and plastic inserts to build various buildings, cars, ships, and guns, and use plasticine to shape various daily necessities and small animals. Children can create freely based on their own imagination and wishes. When playing games such as playing house and treating patients, children can not only creatively pretend and play various roles based on their own experiences in terms of characters and activity plots, but also use various items as props, such as using strips of paper. Pawn money, use bottle caps as stethoscopes, use thin wooden sticks as syringes, etc., giving children a broad space for free imagination and cultivating their ability to think in images.
The brain contains huge potential. In our daily lives, we must be good at guiding and inspiring children to engage in creative activities, use the right brain more, cultivate creativity, and lay a good foundation for children's future development.
?
Related articles about reverse thinking training techniques of thinking training methods:
1. Reverse thinking training methods and their characteristics
2. Ten training methods for thinking
3. Reverse thinking training questions and classic cases
4. Systematic thinking and reverse thinking training
5. Reverse thinking 10 thinking training questions and answers