Task-driven material composition

Task-driven material composition is a concept proposed by Comrade Zhang Kai of the Examination Center of the Ministry of Education. The first and second papers of the National College Entrance Examination in 2015 tested this kind of task-driven material composition. This type of composition is significantly different from the compositions that were not tested nationally in the past. Mainly reflected in three aspects. First, the composition material itself is a controversial fact or current event; rather than a national volume, a famous quote, a fable, or a poem, it contains some truth. Second, the materials should reflect the diversity of values ????of the times as much as possible. There are many different opinions on axioms and truths, and students are required to reason based on the facts, explain the reasons clearly, explain the reasons clearly, and analyze the events throughout the writing; while in the past, non-national test takers only had to start from Points of view are put forward in the materials, but the materials have no other use, which can easily lead to duplication. The third is with obvious driving tasks. These driving tasks include style, content, thinking, and objects. Candidates must write according to these tasks and cannot be separated from these tasks; non-national papers do not have such tasks. The 2015 grading rules for national examinations are also quite different from those used for non-national examinations in the past. Therefore, students taking the college entrance examination in 2016 should pay great attention to this new type of composition, and senior high school teachers should also conduct in-depth research on composition based on task-driven materials in order to better guide students' composition.

So how should you write a task-driven material composition? Let’s take the 2015 National Volume I as an example to talk about my personal views.

1. Clarify the writing requirements and clarify the tasks

When writing a composition based on task-driven materials, candidates must read the materials carefully, read the topic requirements carefully, and complete the writing task. The composition of National Paper I has two paragraphs after the narrative material. These two paragraphs should be one of the focuses that candidates pay attention to. For the convenience of narration, the excerpts are as follows:

What do you think of the above events? Please write a letter to Xiao Chen, Lao Chen or other relevant parties to express your attitude and explain your views.

It is required to comprehensively consider the content and meaning of the materials, choose a good angle, and determine the intention. Complete the writing task, identify the recipient of the letter, use "Minghua" as the letter writer, and do not disclose personal information.

These two paragraphs focus on the task requirements set by the proposer. Carefully analyze the following tasks: ① "What do you think of the above things? Express your attitude and explain your views." This means that it should be written as an argumentative essay, not a narrative. "Show your attitude and explain your views" requires students to have personalized thinking when writing. ② "Please write a letter to Xiao Chen, Lao Chen or relevant parties", which strengthens the pertinence of the candidates' arguments and requires reasoning based on the facts, and cannot write arbitrarily without being separated from the chosen party. At the same time, it is required to write a letter to expand the discussion in the form of a letter. The format of the letter will undoubtedly become one of the basis for judging the score. ③ "Comprehensive material content and meaning" requires candidates to form a decent and expoundable view around the core events in the material, reflect their own thinking, and express their own ideas. Other non-core events can be mentioned, but they cannot "take the spotlight". Narrating non-core events is only to better discuss the core events. ③"Choose a good angle". In response to this point, Yu Wen from the Examination Center of the Ministry of Education clearly pointed out that the angles of task-driven composition materials can be divided into core angles, main angles, secondary angles, and peripheral angles. Therefore, when writing, candidates must grasp the core events to establish the core and main angles. Understand these requirements, and then write according to these requirements to meet the propositional intention of the proposer.

2. Grasp the core facts of the material and clarify right and wrong

This material expresses several meanings: 1. Chen’s father was on the phone while driving on the highway, and his family repeatedly advised him to Do not change; ⒉ Xiao Chen had no choice but to report his father to the police through a private message on Weibo for the safety of his father; ⒊ After the police verified, they educated and punished Lao Chen in accordance with the law and posted the report on the official Weibo; ⒋Xiao Chen’s behavior and the police’s approach won praise from many netizens and also aroused some doubts; ⒌After media reports, it sparked a wider range of discussions from more angles.

This material involves five parties: Lao Chen, Xiao Chen, the police, netizens, and the media. Judging from the materials, Lao Chen, Xiao Chen, and the police are the core facts. Netizens like and question it, and media reports are the impact of these core facts. Therefore, analysis materials must focus on these three core facts.

First, let’s analyze Lao Chen’s behavior. Despite his family's repeated advice, Lao Chen always answered the phone while driving on the highway. The author of the proposition is obviously critical of Lao Chen's behavior. Lao Chen is treating his life as a trifling matter, which is extremely incorrect. This kind of behavior needs to be criticized. Let’s look at Xiao Chen, who “had no choice but to worry about his father’s life, so he reported his father through a private message on Weibo.” Judging from the reason and purpose of the report, Xiao Chen was right. But is there a better way to report? It is worth thinking about for candidates. After the police found out, they educated and punished Chen in accordance with the law, which reflected the spirit of seeking truth from facts and the rule of law, which is worthy of praise. However, the subjective purpose of publishing this incident on the official Weibo was to alert the public, but objectively it also placed Xiao Chen in the whirlpool of public opinion. middle. Through such analysis, we can distinguish right from wrong and find directions for subsequent writing.

3. Choose a good angle, focus on right and wrong, and establish a point of view

The so-called "choose a good angle" means to formulate your idea from a core angle and an important angle. This material contains: The writing should be centered around the three core or important angles of Lao Chen, Xiao Chen, and the police; of course, under the premise of the core angle, one should also take into account the angles that one is good at. That is to say, I have accumulated relevant materials and have the perspective of ideological and theoretical preparation.

When writing, you can set up sub-points around right and wrong. For example, if you write from the perspective of Lao Chen, you can focus on developing arguments around his wrong practices. For example, we will discuss the dangers of talking on the phone while driving on the highway, and advise them to pay attention to life safety and abide by traffic laws. Another example is to write from the perspective of Xiao Chen. On the one hand, it is necessary to highlight the significance of his reporting and write around its positive significance, making these the first part of the article; on the other hand, it is also necessary to point out that his reporting method is questionable, as well as the fact that he reported his father and Traditional Chinese ethics are inconsistent and come up with their own ways of dealing with a situation. It can also be seen from the police's perspective that the police "investigated" and "educated and punished" Lao Chen in accordance with the law, which embodies the spirit of seeking truth from facts and administering in accordance with the law, which is worthy of praise; he also pointed out that the police announced the incident on the official Weibo, and other The subjective purpose is to alert the public, but objectively it also explores whether police law enforcement can be more humane based on the fact that Xiao Chen is in the whirlpool of public opinion. Establishing a point of view in this way is accurate, comprehensive, and speculative, and meets the requirements of the college entrance examination for students.

4. Write based on reasoning and analogy based on the materials

In past material compositions, the materials always played a role in eliciting opinions. After eliciting opinions, they had little use. In addition to generating opinions, the materials in task-driven compositions should also include "analyzing the materials and reasoning about the facts" throughout the specific writing. This is a significant feature of task-driven materials.

As far as National Volume I is concerned, when writing, you should focus on one piece of material to put forward your opinions and develop arguments, and combine the materials to explain your own opinions to the readers in a rational way. You can also use similar materials to make analogies and analyses, and analyze the core values ??such as emotion, reason, and law behind the incident. What deserves attention is that students use inappropriate analogies in their writing, which makes them less persuasive and leads to weak arguments. The so-called analogy here means that the behavior of the relevant parties in the same material is essentially the same.

In short, task-driven composition is not a tiger in the mountain, and there is nothing to be afraid of. It also has corresponding rules to follow. As long as students are clarified about the topic review concept and writing methods, and let students continue to practice, they can write task-driven material compositions well.