First, the opening method of metaphor. At the beginning of the article, we use metaphor to reason, turn abstraction into concrete, turn invisibility into feeling, and summarize the central argument from the metaphor of image. For example:
God made a radish, so he made a pit for it. With this pit, the radish has grown into a big radish.
When God created a man, he arranged a place for him. With this place, ordinary and humble people grow up to be excellent, and people are better than radishes, because people will take the initiative to find them. So, if you are not satisfied with yourself now, don't complain, it is definitely not the position that God gave you. ("vertical and horizontal")
At the beginning, it is vividly explained by metaphor that everyone has his own place in the world. Next, if he is not satisfied with his present situation, he will try his best to find a position that suits him.
Writing in the college entrance examination is really lucky, but I thought about it: the method of writing is not like walking on the road, and I can't help but be complacent.
Writing is like walking, some people strut and have a strong momentum; Someone followed suit and sang Xu Yin in a low voice; Some people are in awe-inspiring, calling for heaven and grabbing land. But remember: no matter how you go, you must go your own way. (Man and Road)
Metaphorically, writing is like walking, because people are different, so the posture and method of walking are different. In writing, we should go our own way, be innovative, and use metaphors to make empty reasoning come alive, so that we can feel the image and reason more thoroughly.
Second, the opening method of parallelism. This kind of beginning uses parallelism to describe all kinds of things in nature, thus revealing the truth. For example:
Seedlings grow into towering old trees because they should be content with the soil and not seek the heights of Lingyun; Gravel is washed into pebbles because it is at the bottom of the river and does not seek to cross the ocean; Sand and stone are soaked into pearls because they live in mussels and do not seek the warmth of the sun. People are not like this. Only by being satisfied with what you have can you finally gain something. Excessive pursuit of enjoyment will hinder the progress. ("Say' Ann')
Put a set of parallelism sentences at the beginning of the article, list the things in nature, reveal the great role of "safety" in it, and naturally transition to people. Such a set of parallelism sentences has laid a strong foundation for the conclusion of the argument.
The position of the big tree is high above, providing you with a rare shade in hot summer; The grass is at the bottom, but it also brings a sense of comfort. Evaporating water droplets fly into the sky and become clouds that change out of the sky. They are aloof and often become the object of singing by immigrants. An ordinary water drop flows into the ground, although it is in the lowest position, but it is also nourishing the growth of everything. The dazzling diamonds set in the glass cutter, though small enough to be often overlooked, perfectly explain their own value. ("Give me a place, give you a value")
Here, we use a set of comparative sentences to strongly show that everything has its own position and is creating its own value. Although there are high and low positions, as long as the position is suitable, the value created is equally commendable. The use of parallelism not only enriches the content of the article, but also makes the sentence patterns neat, artistic, beautiful and easy to read.
Third, the opening method of asking questions. That is, at the beginning of the article, first ask some questions about the issues to be discussed, so that readers are curious at the beginning, and then put forward their own views when answering questions. For example:
In the treasure house of human spirit, what can last for thousands of years and remain young forever? What can transcend the times, live and die together in society, and be extremely powerful? What can spread like wildfire, take root in people's hearts and become the will of a country and a nation? It is nothing more than "patriotism", which is what Lenin, the great mentor, said: "I have consolidated my deep feelings for my motherland for thousands of years." Patriotism-the source of wisdom and strength.
At the beginning of the article, three questions are repeatedly raised, which arouses readers' vigilance and thinking, makes readers have the desire to read on, and then puts forward the argument of "patriotism". Another example is:
Everyone has a love of beauty. As young people born after 1990s, what kind of beauty should we pursue? What kind of beauty is true beauty? Prosperous spring, green lawn ... this is the beauty of nature, which can give people a pleasing feeling and cultivate our sentiment. Natural beauty is a part of environmental beauty that we should pursue, but it is not the most important beauty. So, what is the beauty we should pursue? Chernyshevski said, "Beauty is life." Beautiful language, beautiful behavior, beautiful mind and beautiful lifestyle in our life are the most important beauty we pursue. ("What kind of beauty should young people pursue? 》)
At the beginning, I first put forward what kind of beauty young people in the 1990s should pursue, and then played hard to get, and put forward that natural beauty is not the most important beauty. Finally, quote famous sayings to show your point of view in dispelling doubts.
Fourth, compare the opening methods. Put two opposing or opposite things, phenomena and viewpoints together and compare them with each other to make the praise and criticism more clear and the viewpoint more prominent. For example:
Kong Fansen is radiant. When people mention his name, it is always associated with greatness, light and progress.
A king is famous. When people mention his name, it is always associated with greed, darkness and ugliness.
Both of them have finished their lives, but one is immortal and the other has long been spurned. The value of life, in sharp contrast, is not revealed? (the value of life)
At first, it was compared with Wang. By contrast, greatness and ugliness naturally appear, and the author's views and attitudes are also very clear. Another example is:
The flowers in the greenhouse only know how to enjoy the sunshine, but they don't know the tenacity of the pine trees standing on the cliff. The stream in the mountains only knows to sing narcissistic songs, but the breath of the sea outside Fushan is more surging and magnificent than the symphony.
Fu and Xue Yu only know that "take off and fly, grab the elm and stop". How do you know that Peng "water strikes three thousand miles"? What about the soaring atmosphere of Nine Wan Li?
Similarly, how can a person who is content with the status quo and only stares at a piece of meat on the tip of his nose know the lofty spirit in the chest of an ambitious person? (atmosphere)
The words "flowers, streams, ducks and pigeons" at the beginning are in sharp contrast with "pine, sea and peng". In contrast, people naturally admire the "atmosphere" owned by the latter, and their views are more distinct.
Fifth, reference the open method. At the beginning of the article, poems or aphorisms are directly quoted to lead to arguments, or directly used as arguments for the full text. For example:
"Ask where the canal is so clear, because there is a source of living water." In Song Dynasty, Zhu explained the meaning of "unexpected, reasonable" for us. ("Amazing is followed by gasp in admiration")
The poem quoted at the beginning is philosophical and thought-provoking, which makes readers marvel and then gasp in admiration, because everything happens for a reason.
Mr. Lu Xun said: "Dissatisfaction is an upward wheel." His words are very reasonable and enlightening to us. Whether in study or at work, we should keep this wise saying in mind. ("Dissatisfaction is an upward wheel")
The famous quote at the beginning of the article is the central argument of the whole article. Because it is a famous saying, it is more convincing and convincing.
Quoting a famous saying or poem at the beginning can show the author's rich cultural accumulation, meticulous thinking and excellent language quality, and it is also the central argument of the full text, which is more appropriate and concentrated.
Of course, there are many good ways to start an argumentative essay. As long as you pay more attention and try more, you will certainly gain a lot.
(Author: Pingxiang No.1 Middle School)