Comrades turned against each other.
From 65438 to 0993, there were three troikas in Russian politics-Yeltsin, Speaker Haas Blateau and Vice President Rudskoy. In the "819 Incident", they were close comrades-in-arms. 1991June, Yeltsin became Russian president and Rudskoy became vice president. On the recommendation of Yeltsin, Haas Blateau became the Speaker of the Russian Parliament in June 199 1.
199265438+1On October 2nd, Yeltsin began to carry out radical economic reforms. However, this reform, known as "shock therapy", has led to a sharp deterioration of the Russian economic situation. As a result, Haas Blateau and Rudskoy began to doubt Yeltsin's policy. As time went on, this doubt gradually turned into opposition. In this process, Haas Blateau and Rudskoy came together.
As a matter of fact, Yeltsin had long had views on these two "old comrades-in-arms". In his view, Rudskoy is just a "clown"-he is the only senior officer captured three times in Russian military history; He changed parties as casually as he changed gloves. When Yeltsin proposed to make him vice president, he promised tearfully: "I will never betray you, and I will do my best in your cabinet." But not long after, he said behind Yeltsin's back: "I never agreed to let these' imbeciles' lead me." As for Haz Blatov, Yeltsin did not dare to underestimate him, and even suspected that he threatened his position.
On an equal footing with (sb)
With the deepening of the economic crisis caused by reform mistakes, the contradiction between Yeltsin, Haas Blateau and Rudskoy has become increasingly fierce. 1at the end of 992, at the behest of Haz Blatov, the parliament tried to weaken Yeltsin's power by replacing the prime minister and taking back some functions of the president, thus expanding the power of the parliament.
Yeltsin refused to give in easily. Entering 1993, Yeltsin began to launch a counterattack. On June 5th, he called the federal main body to hold a constitutional convention, hoping to bypass the parliament with the help of local forces, forcibly pass the new draft constitution, and establish a "presidential" regime in Russia. Yeltsin's action caused great dissatisfaction with Haz Blatov. Therefore, confrontation appeared from the first day of the meeting. Haas Blateau left the meeting angrily because his request for speech was not approved, and took hundreds of people's deputies with him, which led to the interruption of the meeting ... The Constitutional Convention was held intermittently for 37 days, but the draft new constitution was never discussed.
Military confrontation
After a brief weighing, Yeltsin decided to make a "final blow" in1September 1993-65438+1,and ordered the restriction of Rudskoy's power as vice president. After half a month, personally inspect the internal security forces and strive for military support; 1992 Gaidar, who was dismissed by the people's congress, was appointed as the first deputy prime minister (the prime minister at that time was chernomyrdin, but he didn't have much real power) ... At that time, some media commented that Yeltsin had completely ignored the parliament and went his own way.
1993 18 In September, Yeltsin called the leaders of 86 federal entities to hold the inaugural meeting of the Federal Council in the Kremlin, and announced that the Federal Council was the upper house of the two houses of the new parliament (Federal Parliament). Then, he replaced the positions of security minister and secretary of the security Committee with his cronies. On the evening of September 20th, under the pretext of "assisting the police in searching drugs and illegal weapons", he transferred the internal security forces to Moscow and conducted pre-war drills. Parliament will not sit still. On September 20th, Haas Blateau revealed to the media that "the situation is not calm due to the mobilization of troops at night" and called on the parliament to "remain vigilant".
On the evening of September 2 1, Yeltsin suddenly issued a presidential decree on Russian television: suspending the power of the Russian People's Congress and the Supreme Soviet, and holding a new legislative body-the Federal Parliament election on February1-12. After watching Yeltsin's televised speech, Haz Blatov held an emergency meeting and considered the president's behavior a "coup". Parliament announced the suspension of Yeltsin's presidency, and Vice President Rudskoy took the presidency. Rudskoy was sworn in immediately.
Yeltsin immediately took over. On the one hand, he assured the international community that "there will be no bloodshed". On the other hand, he took tough measures, ordered the deprivation of parliamentary property and the confiscation of parliamentary weapons, and announced that public officials who refused to carry out the presidential decree would be expelled from public office.
On the evening of September 23, a group of unidentified people tried to occupy the headquarters of the joint armed forces of the Commonwealth of Independent States, and two people were killed in the gun battle. This incident is like a fuse, which makes the situation in Moscow suddenly tense. Yeltsin conveniently ordered the mobilization of the military and police to disarm the "illegal armed forces" guarding the parliament building. On the 24th, thousands of policemen, internal affairs forces and special police forces were transferred to the city and stationed around the White House. On the 28th, government forces and riot police blocked and surrounded the White House layer by layer, and took measures such as water, electricity and heating to try to force Parliament to submit.
Bomb the white house
654381October 3, the situation in Moscow changed suddenly, and what people were worried about finally happened. At 3 pm, nearly 10,000 people who supported the parliament had a large-scale bloody conflict with the government forces surrounding the White House. The people broke through the blockade and held a demonstration in front of the White House. Rudskoi called on the army to defect from the White House balcony. Subsequently, demonstrators occupied some floors of the city government.
At that time, Yeltsin was holding a meeting on the outskirts of Moscow. Hearing the news, he rushed back and issued a presidential decree at 6 o'clock that night, announcing that Moscow was in a state of emergency, dismissing Rudskoy as vice president and expelling him from the army, and prohibiting the masses from participating in demonstrations.
On the morning of October 4th, 65438/KLOC-0, government forces began to surround and attack the White House. Dozens of tanks and armored vehicles blocked the periphery of the White House and kept shooting at the White House. A fire broke out in the White House building, and smoke billowed. Military helicopters circled over the White House. Then, the government forces broke through the obstacles around the White House and advanced to Yanhe Street opposite the Parliament Building, from where they fired at the White House with artillery and heavy machine guns. Dense gunfire resounded through Moscow. The government troops kept shouting with loudspeakers, demanding that the "enemy" lay down their weapons.
Seeing that he was hard to resist, Rudskoy hurried forward to ask the other side not to shoot, but there was no response-Yeltsin was determined to "get rid of" them. Haas Blateau contacted the commander of the Moscow Military Region and requested to send troops for assistance, but the other party refused to send troops; Asking the European and American embassies in Russia to guarantee their safety was also rejected-Yeltsin cut their expenses.
Helpless Haas Blateau and Rudskoy have to put forward the "minimum guarantee requirements"-to ensure their personal safety, otherwise they will perish together with all those who stay in the White House. At 6 pm, Yeltsin agreed to guarantee their lives. Harbin, Shandong and other talents came out of the White House, boarded the bus that had already been waiting outside, and were sent to Leftovo prison. The fierce confrontation between the president and parliament ended by force, and Yeltsin won. However, the price is very heavy-Yeltsin's attack on the White House caused 187 deaths and 437 injuries.
After the White House was shelled, Yeltsin "wiped out" almost all his political opponents. Since then, no one can challenge his authority in Russian politics.