The "New Chinese Curriculum Standards" clearly states: "Chinese is the most important communication tool and an important component of human culture. The unity of instrumentality and humanism is the basic feature of Chinese courses." Emphasis on In the process of Chinese teaching, students should be allowed to "understand the richness and breadth of Chinese culture and absorb the wisdom of traditional national culture." Chinese, as a cultural carrier, determines the particularity of Chinese subjects that are different from other material tools. The inheritance, development and innovation of national culture rely largely on language. Standing on the podium of the times, Chinese teachers holding new textbooks in hand should shoulder the historical mission unshirkably: to give full play to the special function of the Chinese subject in implementing humanistic quality education, so that students can swim and soar in the splendid cultural river of the motherland, and use Chinese cultural traditions can be carried forward.
1. Get close to ancient poetry, understand cultural connotations, and enhance the accumulation of national spirit
1. Accumulate reading.
Language accumulation through familiar reading and chanting is the magic weapon of traditional Chinese teaching and one of the effective methods of Chinese learning. Learning and accumulating traditional culture through recitation is the most distinctive national characteristic. Traditional classics can accumulate a lot of content. According to the age characteristics of students, junior high school students are required to mainly recite the Chinese traditional culture school textbook "Recitation of Chinese Classics", which includes: " "Disciples' Rules", "Three Character Classic", "Traditional Chinese Virtue Maxims", "Classic Quotes", "Records of Chinese Famous Quotations", etc. Use morning reading time every day to let students read aloud, so that the sound of reading fills the campus. Students are required to read the selected content aloud repeatedly until they become familiar with it and keep it in mind. This process of reciting is a process of cultivating students' sense of language and accumulating language materials; it is a process of memorizing and enhancing students' knowledge; it is also a process of subtly edifying students' national spirit.
2． Situational interpretation.
Traditional culture is profound. The changes of the times have made the connotations of some poems and lines appear profound and difficult for students to accept. In response to this situation, I used the three minutes before class to let students tell the story of "Twenty-Four Filial Piety". Culture Celebrities' stories such as "Chisel the Wall to Borrow Light" and "Cheng Men Li Snow", etc., interpret the "Three Character Classic" independently and interestingly, and use self-reading lessons to explain to students the historical allusions and interesting stories in "Li Weng Duiyun", such as "Zhuang Zhou dreamed of turning into a butterfly, Lu Wangzhao" "Flying Bear." "Purple flags and yellow flags, celestial phenomena predominate on the left side of the Yangtze River; green robes and white horses, nursery rhymes finally answer the longevity of Yang'er." "... They listened to the story, understood the history, and appreciated the meaning of the poem, which greatly improved their interest in reading and increased their cultural heritage.
3． Fun training.
Training is a means of language learning and cultural inheritance, especially those with interesting training content, which can make students truly feel the beauty of the motherland language. In view of the phenomenon of students writing typos, comprehensive learning activities were used to organize students to search for the origin of characters, and they learned that the methods of creating Chinese characters include pictograms, meanings, meanings and pictophonetic sounds. I learned about the development process of Chinese characters and told some interesting stories about Chinese characters, such as "Yang Xiu's skillful interpretation of characters", "Ouyang Xiu's pursuit of characters", "Write one more stroke to defeat the battle", "The magical "beat" character", "Sloppy" "Origin of" and so on. At the same time, you can also see the life of your ancestors through Chinese characters. Students feel that Chinese characters are very magical, which arouses great interest. They no longer write casually, but write carefully, and typos are gradually reduced. Students learned about Chinese culture and mastered vocabulary in a lively and interesting atmosphere. In order to improve students' expression ability, some interesting training content is used to strengthen students' language expression ability training, so that students understand the flexibility of language expression, the interest of language training and the difference between poetry and words. For example: read this couplet from the Meng Jiangnu Temple outside Shanhaiguan, "The sea water falls, and the floating clouds grow and fade." These trainings allow students to understand that Chinese characters have multiple sounds, Chinese pauses and word order can make our expressions richer and more flexible.
4. Holiday influence.
Traditional festival activities themselves are the best opportunity to carry forward the national spirit. The traditional education activities carried out during this period will make students feel the charm of traditional Chinese culture more deeply.
During the Mid-Autumn Festival and Double Ninth Festival, students are organized to read poems such as Li Bai's "Drinking Alone under the Moon" and Meng Haoran's "Autumn Night under the Moon" and other poems. During the Qingming Festival, students are guided to read Cheng Hao's "Suburban Travel" by Wang Yuqiao to visit the tombs of martyrs and remember their relatives. "Qingming" and other poems. Integrating festivals into the content of reciting Chinese classics will inspire children to love the motherland, love a happy life, and build a better tomorrow. Use the form of Chinese research study or comprehensive study, and use a traditional festival as an opportunity to practice language. As the Dragon Boat Festival approaches, guide students to inquire about some information related to the Dragon Boat Festival, such as what are the aliases of the Dragon Boat Festival? The origin of the Dragon Boat Festival and which famous figures it is related to? Do you know the life stories of Qu Yuan and Wu Zixu? What are the names of the Dragon Boat Festival? What are the traditional customs? Organize the information based on inquiries, and communicate through blackboard newspapers and comprehensive language practice activities. Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, Qingming Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Double Ninth Festival, if these important traditional festivals allow our students to explore and practice in a planned way in Chinese learning, let students learn Chinese in practice and create Feel the unique national customs in the festive atmosphere. This kind of cultural inheritance is of far-reaching significance.
Through various forms of training, it can not only help students cultivate their temperament, understand the philosophy of life, and improve traditional cultural literacy, but also enable students to accumulate valuable writing materials and improve their Chinese learning level, killing two birds with one stone.
2. Get close to ancient poetry, create a cultural atmosphere, and appreciate the national culture.
Chinese language is the most basic and important carrier of "culture" and has always been the indicator of a person's cultural level. The most outward and distinctive logo. Therefore, we must work hard to create a cultural atmosphere in Chinese classes and strive to have more cultural atmosphere in Chinese classes so that students can appreciate the charm of "culture" in the classroom.
1. Create cultural classroom teaching scenarios.
(1) Spatial scene: Post portraits of ancient celebrities and famous aphorisms written by calligraphers on the walls of the classroom, set up a special corner of "National Culture Fast Food" on the blackboard newspaper, and write an ancient poem or sentence every day famous quotes to create a strong cultural atmosphere.
(2) Introduction scene: Quote allusions and poems related to the text to pave the way for the introduction of new lessons and stimulate students' strong desire and interest in learning. When teaching "Shang Zhongyong", the poem "A young man does not work hard, an old man will only be sad" from the Han Dynasty Yuefu's "Long Song Xing" is used as the introduction, so that students can understand that Fang Zhongyong "wasted" because he did not receive acquired education. The ending of "Everyone" naturally introduces new lessons and makes students enlightened.
(3) Music scene: Choosing appropriate music according to the text content, or impassioned or slow and melodious music language can help bring out the beauty of Chinese language and text. For example, Du Fu's "Shi Hao Li" can be paired with the classical music "Ambush from Flying Daggers" to reveal the tragic atmosphere in the text, making it easier for students to understand the connotation of the article.
2． Discover the cultural connotation of ancient poetry and prose textbooks.
Ancient poems and essays not only store rich knowledge of Chinese language, but also contain profound cultural connotations. The rich and fresh blood of Chinese culture flows between the lines. Combining the actual situation of students and the content of teaching materials, we should explore the inherent cultural factors of teaching materials and guide students to seek truth, beauty and wisdom.
(1) Integrate emotional education into the teaching of ancient poetry.
Patriotism is the richest and strongest part of the traditional culture of the Chinese nation. "I dare not forget to worry about my country because of my humble position" is a true portrayal of the Southern Song Dynasty poet Lu You's lifelong patriotism and concern for the people. He wrote in the poem "The Storm on November 4th": "Lying in a lonely village, I don't feel sorry for myself, I still think about it." "The National Guard Luntai. I lie down at night listening to the wind and rain, and I dream of the iron horse on the glacier." The poet mentions that although he is old and weak and is alone in the village, he is not sad and despairing. He still wants to go out to defend the border for the country, which expresses the poet's perseverance. The ambition to serve the country and the concern for the country and the people. Wen Tianxiang's "Crossing the Lingding Ocean" and Wang Changling's "Out of the Fortress" all express the poet's patriotism. When teaching, we need to let students deeply understand the poet's patriotic emotions on the basis of understanding the meaning of the poem and the background of the times.
Educate students to learn from the ancients to love their motherland, become the successors and builders of the motherland when they grow up, and make due contributions to their country. Authors such as Ma Zhiyuan's "The Clear Sky and the Sand - Autumn Thoughts" and Wang Wei's "Miscellaneous Poems" express their strong love and longing for their hometown. In Meng Jiao's "Wandering Son Song" and Tang Dynasty poet Wang Wei's "Remembering Shandong Brothers on September 9th", the love and care of relatives is beyond words, which is extremely touching. Poems such as "Farewell to Dong Da" by Gao Shi and "The Year of Li Gui in the South of the Yangtze River" by Du Fu were all written for friends, expressing the deep friendship between friends. When teaching, students can be guided to deeply perceive and understand the thoughts and feelings expressed in the poems, and educate them on love for their hometown, family love education, friendship education, etc., so that they can be infected, and then educate students on traditional Chinese culture, so that ancient poems can A bright historical pearl radiates an even more dazzling light.
(2) Contain and reflect Chinese traditional culture in classical Chinese teaching.
First, promote excellent traditional Chinese literature and art. When teaching excellent classical Chinese passages, teachers should focus on explaining their artistic attainments, and encourage students to absorb excellent artistic creativity from ancient literature and ancient literati thoughts, thereby improving their own literary and artistic literacy and achieving the goal of art education that applies the past to the present and truly Realize the most direct practical significance of classical Chinese teaching and make it shine. For example: Li Daoyuan's "Three Gorges" depicts the beauty of nature, Fan Zhongyan's "The Story of Yueyang Tower" expresses the beauty of emotions, Liu Zongyuan's "The Story of Xiaoshitan" depicts the beauty of artistic conception, "The Analects of Confucius" discusses the beauty of philosophy, etc. In addition, a good ancient article must have excellent ideological content. An article lacking soul will not become an excellent chapter. Therefore, when we carry forward traditional excellent literature and art, we must also pay attention to the study of the ideological content of the article to see what the author's thoughts are, why he has this thought, what practical significance the author's ideological content has to us, and how can we create an article when we write it? Such a deep level of thought. For example, when studying "Preface to Ma Sheng in Dongyang", teachers can compare the study and life of current students with the situations of students in the past, and let students talk about their own feelings, so that they can understand that they must be diligent and endure hardships to study in order to become successful. reason. Furthermore, we must also pay attention to promoting traditional excellent literature and art from the writing method, structure, rhetoric, etc. of articles. Only through multi-faceted promotion can we truly promote traditional excellent literature and art. Otherwise, we can only scratch the surface.
Second, promote the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation. Let students deeply understand and inherit the five thousand years of fine moral traditions of the Chinese nation, thereby achieving the ideological and moral educational goals of classical Chinese teaching. For example: "The Analects of Confucius gt; Ten Principles" in the seventh-grade Chinese textbook "I will examine myself three times every day: Have I been unfaithful in my plans for others? Have I not believed in my friends? Have I not learned to pass them on?" guides us to be kind to our friends. Treat each other with sincerity. In teaching, the words of sages can be used to educate students to develop the virtue of integrity. In "Chen Taiqiu and Youqi", students are taught from the negative side that "they should be trustworthy and polite" when interacting with others, otherwise they will be looked down upon by the seven-year-old naughty boy. Short stories like these have simple language and distinctive characters. Teachers do not need to preach, students can naturally feel the personality charm of literary images. In the emotional influence of clear love and hate in the works, students can naturally perceive the right and wrong, and accept the subtle influence of the virtue of integrity.
3. Enter into ancient poetry and prose, strengthen cultural practice, and carry forward the essence of national culture
Chinese culture has a long history. The culture seeks its roots and discovers its treasures. We must establish an open Chinese teaching concept, strive to broaden the channels for Chinese learning, combine book learning with practical activities, and enable students to become not only consumers of cultural knowledge, but also discoverers of cultural knowledge. Excellent cultural achievements are internalized into students’ personality, temperament, and quality. In the process of reciting the "Three Character Classic" and "Disciples' Regulations", students were allowed to take actions based on understanding their meanings, implemented "filial piety" activities, and assigned loving homework. We carried out the activities of "three gifts" (i.e., sending a greeting, a children's song, and a cup of hot tea) and "three doings" (being a parent, doing a housework, and doing a good deed) for parents. From the diary and parents’ feedback on their actions.
"A kind word warms a person in three days, but a bad word hurts a person in six months." In China, a country of etiquette, we are polite and should observe etiquette. Therefore, we also conducted "etiquette" educational activities for students. Educate students to be polite people from elementary school. Treat people politely, handle things politely, and accept things politely. Let the traditional etiquette of the Chinese nation be carried forward and let the world understand China's traditional virtues.
We drink from the fountain of classics and dust our hearts. In the joy, we learn to be filial, to care, to be honest, to think, to be diligent, to be graceful, to be profound... Chinese makes us happy, Chinese Chinese makes us smart, Chinese makes us beautiful, Chinese makes us noble, Chinese gives us connotation, and Chinese allows us to embody human meaning, human value, and human dignity!
At present, our Chinese courses especially need to promote the excellent culture of the Chinese nation, which means we need to vigorously strengthen the understanding, absorption, creation and development of the excellent national culture. As a Chinese teacher, it is our unshirkable duty to shoulder this sacred mission, to infiltrate the essence of national culture into Chinese teaching in a hierarchical, systematic, breadth and depth manner, internalize it in the spirit of students, and let outstanding students With the development of the times, traditional culture still blooms as the flower of spirit and the soul of the nation.