Oscar Wilde (Oscar Wilde, October 16, 1854 - November 30, 1900) (also translated as Oscar Wilde) was an advocate of the British aestheticism art movement, a famous writer, Poet, dramatist.

Life

Wilde was born in Dublin, Ireland, to an outstanding family. He was the second son of the family. His full name was: Oscar Fingal O'Fretta Wells. Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde. His father, Sir William Wilder, was a surgeon, and his mother was a poet and writer.

After graduating from Trinity College in Dublin, Wilde received a scholarship and entered Magdalen College of Oxford University in 1874. At Oxford, Wilde was influenced by the aesthetic concepts of Walter Pater and John Ruskin, and came into contact with neo-Hegelian philosophy, Darwinian evolution and the works of the Pre-Raphaelites, which paved the way for him to become a pioneer of aestheticism. The writer sets the direction.

After publishing his first "Collection of Poems", he began to emerge in the literary world and came to London to develop. Although the young Wilde had not yet won a literary award, he was already well-known in London social circles for his eye-catching clothes, witty conversation, and maverick style. Some magazines even published satirical articles about him.

In 1882, Wilde gave a wonderful lecture tour in the United States. Two years later, he married Constance Lloyd and had two sons, Cyril and Vivi. Vyvyan was also born in 1885 and 1886 respectively.

In 1887, Wilde became the executive editor of a women's magazine, where he published some of his novels, reviews and poems. Wilde's works are famous for their beautiful words, novel ideas and clear opinions. His first novel "The Picture of Dorian Gray" was published in 1891, and later he published the essay "The Soul of Man Under Socialism", which Both works were very successful, but it was his plays that truly won Wilde his fame. It can be said that each of his dramatic works was warmly welcomed. At one time, three of his works were performed on the London stage at the same time. His masterpieces have been called the best comedies since Sheridan's "The School of Rumors."

In the Victorian era at the end of the 19th century, the conflict between old and new fashions in the British upper class was fierce. Wilde's liberal style and bold political style soon made him a victim of this conflict. In 1895, the Marquess of Queensberry caused a rift between his son, Lord Alfred Douglas (alias "Bosie") and Oscar Wilde, and openly denounced Wilde as a philistine. A sodomite (the term "homosexual" had not yet been coined).

In response, the angry Alfred asked Wilde to appeal immediately and sue the Marquis for ruining his reputation. As a result, Wilde's appeal failed, and he was even accused of "committing acts of gross indecency with other male persons." Wilde was found guilty under Part 11 of Britain's harsh Criminal Law Amendment Act of 1855 and served two years at hard labor in Reading and Pentonville prisons. In the past two years, Wilde stopped writing dramas and wrote the poem "Song of Reading Gaol" and the collection of letters "Letter from the Abyss" in prison. In these two works, his style has changed, and it is difficult to find the influence of aestheticism. While Wilde was serving his sentence, his wife Constance and their two children changed their surname to Holland and moved to Italy. Most of his friends in social and literary circles shunned him.

Only a few people, such as the playwright Bernard Shaw, still stood up to defend him.

After his release in 1897, Wilde immediately left for Paris. He was extremely disappointed with Britain and no longer had any nostalgia. Later, he tried to get back together with Constance for the sake of their two children, but Alfred also expressed his desire to get back together with Wilde. In the end, Wilde gave up the two children and chose Alfred. Wilde completed and published "Song of Reading Gaol" while living in France under a pseudonym, and later traveled to Italy with Alfred. But a few months later, the two broke up again.

In 1900 Wilde finally met his friend Robert. Converted to Catholicism with the help of Robert 'Robbie' Ross. He died of illness in the H?tel d’Alsace in Paris on November 30 of the same year at the age of 46. Only Robbie and another friend were with him when he died. His tomb in Paris was carved into a small sphinx based on the imagery in his collection of poems, The Sphinx.

At the end of the 20th century, after being vilified for nearly a century, Britain finally gave Oscar Wilde the honor of erecting a statue. On November 30, 1998, a statue of Oscar Wilde, sculpted by Maggie Hamlin, was unveiled on Adelaide Street near Trafalgar Square in London. The statue is titled "A Conversation with Oscar Wilde" and features Wilde's oft-quoted quote: "We are all in the ditch, but some of us are looking up at the stars." gutter, but some of us are looking at the stars.)

Wilde's trial is one of the most high-profile cases in British judicial history and one of the most cited cases in the history of the gay rights movement. At the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century, when homosexuality was no longer considered heretical and was generally accepted, he became a cultural icon in the gay community.

Representative Works

Novel

* "The Picture of Dorian Gray" (The Picture of Dorian Gray, 1891)

Fairy Tales

* The Happy Prince and Other Tales (1888)

* A House of Pomegranates (1891)

Poems

* "Poems" (1881)

* "Sphinx" (1894)

* "The Ballad of Reading Gaol" (1898)

Script

* "Vera" (1880)

* "Lady Windermere`s Fan" (1892. Also translated as "Lady Windermere`s Fan", "The Young Mistress's Fan")

* "The Duchess of Padua" (The Duchess of Padua, 1893)

* Salomé (1893) (originally written in French)

* A Woman of No Importance (1892) (premiered at Theater Royal Haymarket in 1893)

* "The Importance of Being Earnest" (1895)

* "The Ideal" An Ideal Husband (1895).

Also translated as "The Good Husband")

Other works

* Collection of essays: "The Soul of Man Under Socialism" (1891.)

* Collection of letters: "De Profundis" (1897). Also translated as "From the Depths" and "Wilde in Prison" was originally a collection of letters written by the author to Douglas, published after the author's death in 1905 )

The influence of Oscar Wilde’s works in China

* Architect Mr. Wang Dahong translated "The Picture of Dorian Gray" into "Du Liankui", and the scene was also changed to Taipei at that time.

Wilde: A beautiful slender-waisted wasp

After Oscar Wilde was imprisoned, according to George Bernard Shaw, his brother Willy defended his brother like this: "Oscar is not A man of rotten character, to whom you can safely trust a woman anywhere." Considering that Shaw was envious and jealous of this fellow Irishman and dramatist, he may have made this up, but it was a good one. It's so beautiful, it just uses Wilde's best paradox form: who doesn't know that Wilde was imprisoned because of his homosexuality.

If you knew that President Clinton had lifted the ban on homosexuality in the military, Wilde would have regretted that he had been born a hundred years earlier. Although Wilde once exaggeratedly said that crime is the only bright spot in modern life, the most he committed was a "crime of decency" and he was sentenced to two years in prison, which can be regarded as being "severely beaten."

Then again, Wilde hurt his wife and children. His wife later died of a broken heart, and his son lived in anonymity. In addition, the father of his "hated friend" Douglas, the Marquess of Queensbury, is not unworthy of sympathy. Anyone who has watched the movie "American Beauty" will never forget the shocking scene where the retired naval officer was soaked and hugging the male protagonist - the gay buyer he thought was his son - and burst into tears. . Give him a shot in the back of the head, Lord Queensbury thought so too. Wilde was so confused that day that he first filed a lawsuit against the Marquis for insulting his character, but was counter-sued by the Marquis. He should have known where public opinion was headed.

“Today is an age where we read too much and have no time to appreciate it, and write too much and have no time to think about it.” Oscar Wilde lamented back then. His witty words, aphorisms and weird arguments have been enjoyed by the whole world for a hundred years, but those who appreciate him will also say that his thoughts are far from profound and broad enough. Of course, an esthete with a lily of the valley on his chest has no chance of profound and broad thoughts. We cannot ask a wasp for rhino horn.

Wilde, the buzzing slender-waisted bee, specializes in picking out the delicate skin and tender meat of the men and women in the upper-class living rooms. Of course men are not a problem: "As men get older, they will never get better." "I can resist everything, except temptation." Women are even worse: "Women are born to be very smart about many things. Except Nothing can be hidden from them. "She wore too much rouge and too little clothes last night, which is always a sign of despair in women." "Bad women give me trouble." "Love and marriage have also become the best materials for Wilde's jokes: "Love always starts with self-deception and ends with deception." "Men marry because they are tired, and women marry because they are curious." "Women remarry because they are disgusted." The original husband, a man remarries because he loves his original wife too much."

In "The Picture of Dorian Gray", it is written that Lord Henry deliberately conjures an idea and gives it the color of fantasy. Give it the wings of paradox and turn it into "philosophy", while the "facts" are frightened by "philosophy" and scatter. But the author forgot to add that after a somersault, "facts" return to "philosophy". This is the art of Wilde's paradox. Fu Xiaoxian believes that this word should not be translated as "paradox", but should be translated as "paradox but". This is especially true in Wilde's case. Isn't flirting the privacy of two people? He said it best: “A woman can flirt with anyone, as long as someone else sees her.

His gift of eloquence has become his label attribute, and his name is synonymous with being good at eloquence. Anything quoted in his name makes words fly. No one in English literature has been quoted more often. Literary historians may think he is of little importance, but readers and people who are passionate about drama know better. Wilde's best works - like all his "maxims" - "saved" him and brought him acclaim for nearly a century. He also claimed to be the greatest speaker since the Greeks. Presumably no one will deny this, and for him it is indeed well-deserved.

"Thousands of years of literature have produced authors who are far more complex or imaginative than Wang Erde, but no one is more charming than him. Whether talking casually or getting along with friends, whether in happy years or Even in adversity, Wilde was equally charming, and the lines of writing he left have deeply impressed us to this day," Borges said when referring to Wilde. There is no writer who can perfectly integrate life and art like Wilde. In his case, these two are undoubtedly the most interesting things in the world, and interest is the essence of life and art. He has always wanted to transform his interesting life experience into art, and he has really done it, and it is unique. Compared with other writers, what they show in real life is very different from their works, and they are also boring. This makes us doubt the claims they advocate in their work. Wilde spent his whole life looking for a writing form that could express his personality charm and give full play to his genius. But what he cared more about was that his life performed many wonderful chapters in real life. He has this true temperament full of interest in life, and other people will naturally be overshadowed by him.

"The Complete Works of Wilde" (six volumes, including novels and fairy tales, drama, poetry, critical essays and letters), translated by Rong Rude, Ba Jin and others, China Literature Publishing House, September 2000 Monthly edition, 198.00 yuan; "Oscar Wilde", [Ireland] Frank Harris, translated by Cai Xinle and Zhang Ning, Henan People's Publishing House, August 1996 edition, 20.00 yuan

Wilde's real literary career lasted only seven years from 1888 to 1894. In 1887, he became editor-in-chief of "Women's World" until his resignation in 1889. Wilde's first memorable work was "The Happy Prince" published in 1888. Remarkably, it appeals to both children and adults. In 1891, Wilde's only novel "The Picture of Dorian Gray" was published, and British newspapers almost unanimously condemned it. Wilde's most interesting collection of essays is his "Intentions". "The Critic as Artist", which takes up more than half of the book, is subtitled "On the Importance of Doing Nothing." In 1892, Wilde's self-proclaimed "modern salon play with a pink lampshade" "Lady Windermere's Fan" was performed at the St. James Theater and was a great success. On January 3, 1895, "An Ideal Husband" premiered; on February 14, "The Importance of Being Earnest" premiered. Both plays received huge audiences and rave reviews. In April, Wilde was imprisoned for "indecent decency" and sentenced to two years of hard labor. On November 30, 1900, Wilde died of meningitis at the Hotel Alsace, No. 13, Avenue des Beaux-Arts, Paris.

The creation of "The Picture of Dorian Gray", like many events in Wilde's life, was actually caused by accident: Wilde and Arthur Conan Doyle collaborated with the American publisher J.M. Stoddart had a dinner together, and Stoddart commissioned them to write articles for Lippincott's Monthly. Oscar Wilde completed The Picture of Dorian Gray, and Conan Doyle wrote The Sign of Four.

The earliest Chinese translator of Oscar Wilde was Zhou Zuoren. He translated Wilde as Huaide. In the "Collection of Foreign Novels" compiled by the Zhou brothers in 1909, the opening chapter is "Prince Anle" (i.e. "The Happy Prince"). (Text/Jiang Ruoshui)

Wilde’s full name is Oscar Wilde. He is a famous British playwright, essayist and poet.

Wilde was good at using gorgeous brushwork and vivid metaphors to create an interesting descriptive style, and the changes that the images of kindness and beauty that run through each of his fairy tales - the rupture and death of the heart, as well as the confrontations and conflicts therein produced The dramatic effect - tightly gripping the reader's heartstrings. Wilde attributed the ultimate beauty of human nature to his beloved, like the prince and the swallow in "The Happy Prince"; the nightingale in "The Nightingale and the Rose". Almost every fairy tale has an image that becomes most beautiful because of love, which embodies Wilde's original intention of pursuing ideal art. It is worthy of being a masterpiece of the ancestor of "art for art's sake". Once, Wilde was telling his son "The Selfish Giant" and he couldn't help crying. When his son asked him why he was crying, Wilde said that truly beautiful things always made him cry.

One of Oscar Wilde's comedies, "No Child's Play", is not included in the entry. The original book is the importance of being earnest. There is a domestic translation by Yu Guangzhong.

Old Wilde was elected as the smartest British person to pass customs. Joking about declaring a genius (picture)

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/2007-10-16 11:50:00 Source: China News Network

100 years ago, the famous British playwright Oscar Wilde once said wildly when passing through New York Customs: "I have nothing to declare. Except for my genius." 100 years later, when this proud artist was voted by the British people as the "wisest British man", he would not be surprised.

Last Sunday, a British digital channel revealed the people's vote for "Who is the wisest Englishman?" Wilde relied on his last words on the bed before his death: "These curtains are ready to kill me, among us." "One Must Go" received more than 20 votes and was elected as the wisest master in the eyes of the people. When the Irish writer died, he was not yet one of London's most famous figures, not even famous for writing The Picture of Dorian Gray or The Importance of Being Earnest. Instead, he lay dying in a Paris hotel room, previously impoverished and even convicted of "vulgar indecency" (a 19th-century term for homosexual behavior) during his two years in prison. The wording of Wilde's last words is to some extent a kind of polemic. The logic of this language shows that he will die as alive as he lived. This sentence also deserves to be the most sharp and sharp classic words in the English language.

Following Wilde is the famous British comedian Spike Milligan, who is only two percentage points behind Wilde. This national treasure comedy master has only one sentence for his epitaph: "I told you I was sick!"

Among the top ten wise men, Churchill, the British Prime Minister during World War II, was the smartest among politicians. He had an affair with the Labor Party Congresswoman Congressman Bessie Braddock was chosen fifth for her famous spat. One night, Churchill drank two too many drinks in the House of Commons and bumped into Bessie. The fat woman yelled at Churchill: "You are drunk! And more importantly, you are disgustingly drunk!" Churchill immediately responded: "Excuse me, you are so ugly, and more importantly, you are disgustingly ugly! Of course, the biggest difference between the two of us is that I will wake up when I wake up tomorrow. Unfortunately, you will still be ugly tomorrow. "

Playwright Noel Coward ranked seventh. This master of often witty aphorisms once praised human intelligence: "Wisdom should be cherished by us like caviar, It should not be abused like jam.”

The former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, known as the “Iron Lady”, is ranked 12th, but she is the wisest woman on the list. This tough-minded strong woman is actually a humorous person. She once said: "Having power is like being a woman. Only those without power will constantly remind everyone that they have power. Only women who are not like women will keep telling others about themselves." It's a woman.

"Dandian Compilation

(Source: News Noon)

Wilde was born in Dublin, Ireland, to an outstanding family. He is the second son of the family. His full name is: Oscar Finger. ·Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde. His father, Sir William Wilde, was a surgeon, and his mother was a poet and writer. p>