Life is to attack difficulties again and again. On the way forward, only when there is pressure will there be a rise, and only when there are obstacles will there be an advance. A rough voyage can make a sailor who controls the wind and waves; A bumpy and tortuous life can cultivate warriors who are ill and struggling.
(2) factual arguments
Writing a book in a difficult situation
Wu Jingzi, an outstanding writer in the Qing Dynasty, lived in poverty. When he wrote The Scholars, he often went hungry because there was no rice to cook at home. Once I couldn't eat for two days in a row, I was dizzy with hunger, lying in bed panting, and asked my wife for a pen to continue writing a book. His wife dissuaded him with tears. Just then, some relatives sent three measures of rice and two thousand coppers. Wu Jingzi told his wife to light a fire and cook. He immediately got out of bed and went to the table to write.
During World War II, Fu Qike, a Czech writer, was imprisoned by German fascists. He was tortured and bruised all over. He was in a coma for several weeks. As soon as he woke up, he asked Krinsky, a sympathetic prisoner, for a pen and paper and wrote an article on the bed board. Every time I write a chapter, Toklinski secretly takes it out of prison. He endured the pain of his wounds all over, and the sweat on his forehead was big, dripping wet the manuscript paper and soaking the bed board, and he still insisted on writing. After his sacrifice, the book he wrote was published, which is now read by people as the famous report under the gallows.
Being frustrated
Gai Jiaotian, a famous Peking Opera performer, is strong-willed and superb. Once he broke his left arm in "Hua Hudie" and his right leg in "Lion Building", and later he broke his bone by mistake. In the face of a series of setbacks, he was not discouraged. For the sake of art, he resolutely interrupted the wrong leg bone and reconnected the personnel. His spirit of not being afraid of setbacks and moving forward has finally forged his own unique artistic style and school.
ostrovsky doesn't bow to bad luck
ostrovsky, a famous writer in the former Soviet Union, was paralyzed and blind, but he didn't bow to fate and decided to write the long flat novel How Steel was Tempered. At first, he dictated and had it recorded. Later, he thought it was always a good thing to let others do it for him. So, he made a frame out of cardboard, put it on the manuscript paper, and touched the frame with his hand to write. He endured the illness and gritted his teeth and kept writing page by page. It took nearly five years to finally complete this world masterpiece.
(3) Theoretical arguments
The more you go forward, the more frustrated you become.
sun yat-sen's
human history is a history of overcoming difficulties and dangers.
Xie Juezai's
If human beings want to survive in the competition, they must struggle.
Sun Yat-sen's Civil Rights
Don't be afraid! Don't be afraid of ghosts! Don't be afraid of the dead! Bureaucrats don't be afraid!
Ma Nan's Yanshan Recognized Words Not Afraid of Heaven
No matter what darkness comes to guard against ideological trends, what misery comes to attack society, and what sin comes to desecrate humanity, human beings' thirst for full potential always steps on these iron thistles to move forward.Lu Xun's
Hot Wind, the Road of Life strives for the present and is the forerunner of the newcomers.
Mao Dun's "Welcome to the Sun"
is indomitable, and the servants keep coming up.
Sun Yat-sen's
The people's heart is the foundation of the success of the revolution. If you are willing to be foolish, you can move mountains. * * * With the heart of Jingwei, it is not difficult to fill the sea.
Cai E's essay on persuading to donate military resources
But there is a way to go, and even better people can do it.
Ming Lang Ying's "Seven Revisions: Poems"
The difficulty is to see talent, not only to gain it.
Song Ouyang Xiu's
Struggle is the father of all things.
Tao Xingzhi's Letter to Xiao Sheng
We must strive for development and survival.
Mao Dun's A New Life of Literature
The memorable victories all come from the tragedy of struggle.
Li Dazhao's History of the May 1st Movement
Not retrogressive, not pessimistic, not desperate.
Lu Xun's Book of Two Places
Only by making unremitting progress can we maintain our honor; If you stop doing it, it will be like a set of armor that has been put aside for a long time, and the outdated style will become a teasing material for the world.
[ English] Shakespeare's troilus and Cresida
Keep harvesting, keep pursuing, and always learn to work hard and wait.
[ America] Longfellow's Ode to Life
All the secrets are only two words: persevere and persevere to the end.
[ Russia] Dostoevsky's Youth
There is no success without hardship.
[ Ancient Greece] Sophocles' Elektra
There is no mountain that cannot be climbed, and there is no river that cannot be crossed.
Korean proverb
Our ability is in direct proportion to the resistance we encounter. If we don't realize the difficulties we have to face, we won't try to do anything great.
[ English] Khazri's
14. Observation
(1) Introduction
Observation is the most direct and basic means for people to understand objective things. Analysis, comparison and research are all based on observation.
observation must be serious, careful and comprehensive. If you are careless and careless, then in-depth thinking, comparison and research will lose the reliable premise, and of course it is impossible to have a comprehensive and correct understanding of objective things.
We should pay attention to cultivating observation ability and habit.
(2) factual arguments
Zhang Heng observed celestial phenomena and made an armillary sphere
Zhang Heng, an outstanding scientist in the Eastern Han Dynasty, devoted himself to studying astronomical calendars when he was in office as Taishiling. At that time, there was an advanced astronomical theory called Huntian, which believed that the sky was round, like an egg, the sky was like an egg shell, and the earth was like a yolk. In the middle of the sky, the sun, the moon and the stars kept turning on the egg shell. Zhang Heng thinks this conclusion is not perfect. So he observed the sky every day, accumulated a lot of information about the movement of stars and analyzed the laws of the movement of stars, and made an armillary sphere, which inherited and developed the previous theory of armillary sphere. The armillary sphere is made of copper, and its main body is a spherical model with perseverance, South Pole, North Pole, Longitude, Zodiac and Equator engraved on it. The performance of the instrument is completely consistent with the appearance of stars in the sky. Therefore, such achievements are entirely due to Zhang Heng's persistence in observing astronomical phenomena.
Fabres observed insects all his life
French entomologist Fabres Jean-Henri has often observed insects since childhood. He hasn't stopped observing and studying insects for decades. The observation and study of an insect often takes several years, more than ten years or even 4 years to reach a conclusion.
He is very attentive and careful in observing insects. In order to study the life law of Dendrolimus punctatus, his eyes are often swollen. His finger was swollen by the stinger of Dendrolimus punctatus, and he didn't care. During the observation, he was excited to find that hunting bees pierced the ganglion of insects to paralyze them and used them as food for larvae.
In his later years, he also observed all kinds of insects living in uncultivated land in detail, and wrote ten volumes of Insect Records one after another.
zola should look at everything
zola, a famous French writer, wrote a lot of works in his life. His masterpiece Lugong-Macard Family consists of 2 novels. By describing the history of the rise and fall of a family of five generations, it reflects the French social life in Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte's time and exposes the corruption and dissoluteness of aristocrats and bourgeoisie at that time. Due to Zola's careful observation of all kinds of characters in the society at that time, many kinds of characters can be portrayed in this masterpiece.
Zola pays great attention to observing life. He wants to see everything. Walking on the road, when a prostitute fights with the police, he squeezes into the crowd and carefully observes the modality of all kinds of people. In the shop, he happened to meet several female customers bargaining with the boss, and he stopped to observe until the female customers left the counter. He often goes to coal mines to work with miners; Go to the laundry room to chat with the female workers; Go to the market to see vendors doing business; He goes to bars and dance halls for the purpose of neither dancing for fun nor drinking to drown his sorrows. He takes the opportunity to observe life and society.
Fleming discovers penicillin
Fleming is a British bacteriologist and a member of the Royal Society. He discovered lysozyme in 1922. In 1928, he discovered penicillin again. This is when he observed the yupan for cultivating staphylococcal bacteria, he found that there was turquoise mold in the pan. After careful observation, there were no staphylococci around this turquoise mold. After repeated observation and research, it is confirmed that this green enamel is a bactericidal substance. This is his dream grape nemesis. After further research, penicillin, a highly effective antibiotic, was made. Later, British pathologist Flory and German biochemist ernst boris chain affirmed its therapeutic value. The appearance of penicillin has saved countless lives. For this, he won the Nobel Prize. Author of Penicillin-Its Practical Application.
(3) Theoretical arguments
If you don't judge and listen, you will misunderstand the book, and if you don't examine the unknown, you will go too far.
The experience in Guanzi Zhouhe
is the result of observation bit by bit.
[ English] Shakespeare's
People who don't want to see are even more invisible than the blind.
[ English] bould's Prayer Book
The merciful God gave us ears and eyes, so that we should hear and see everything that happens in the world.
[ former Soviet Union] Gorky's Narrative Poem about Count Elena de kursi
Wisdom always looks at things with a thousand eyes, while love often looks at people with one eye.
[ former Soviet Union] Gorky's The Life of Kerim Samson
One eye can't see everything.
non-injecting proverbs
It is better to trust your eyes than your ears.
Japanese proverb
Observation is the first step to acquire all knowledge.
Li Siguang
Science refers to the observation of possible things regardless of past and present.
[ France] Leonardo da Vinci
Even if he has eyes, he can't see the miracles around him, just like the blind.
[ Russia] Pavlov
Look at what it is, what it is, and what it is safe for.
Lu Chunqiu Cha Zhuan
You should find an inseparable partner for your enthusiasm, and this partner is strict observation.
[ France] Pasteur
Observation is one of the most lasting pleasures in life.
Meredith
Observation is the most important energy of wisdom.
[ former Soviet Union] Suhomlinski
More observation, more experience and more research are the three pillars of learning.
[ English] Slasherry
15. Perseverance
(1) Introduction
Perseverance
German poet Schiller said, "Only perseverance can make you achieve your goal". After a person has set a goal, if he can persevere and consistently strive to achieve it, the goal can be achieved, as evidenced by countless successful people in the world.
(2) factual arguments
Edison's perseverance
his love of meeting people is praised by the world as the "king of inventions", and he has provided about 2, inventions for mankind in his life. The secret of his success is "diligence" and "perseverance". In order to find heat-resistant materials in light bulbs, he tried about 6, kinds of fiber materials and finally found carbonized bamboo filaments. Although the first bamboo filament lamp was on for 12 hours. But he continued to explore, persevere and improve, and finally developed to tungsten lamp, which took 2 years before and after.
in order to transform the easily corroded sulfuric acid battery into a nickel-iron induction battery, he began to make unremitting experiments in 19, and it took him 1 years to make nearly 5, experiments before he succeeded.
Flaubert's teachings to Mo Bosang
Mo Bosang, a 19th-century French writer known as the "king of short stories", had not published a single work until he was 3 years old. He began to lose confidence, stopped practicing writing and wanted to switch to business. His sister criticized him for his lack of perseverance and suggested that he visit Flaubert, who is 29 years older than him.
Flaubert was a famous writer in the literary world at that time. He kindly received visiting Mo Bosang and let Mo Bosang into his study. Pointing to his own works, he said: I was as discouraged and wavered as you were at the beginning, but I persisted in the end. It is important to have confidence and perseverance. After returning home, Mo Bosang continued to bury himself in practice and worked tirelessly. Soon, he published his first novel "boule de suif", and then it was too late. He wrote more than 3 short stories, 6 novels, 3 travel notes and many critical articles about literature and current politics in his life.
Respect teachers
[ Famous sayings ]
Teachers are engineers of human souls. (Kalinin)
Teachers themselves should be saved. (makarenko)
[ Interpretation of epigrams ]
The country will prosper, and it will be important to learn from your teacher and pay attention to your fu. The country will decline, and it will be * and light.
"Xunzi? Owe slightly ". It means: a country will prosper, and it will respect its teachers and teachers. When a country is about to decline, it will treat its teachers lightly and its teachers poorly.
where learning is concerned, strict teachers are in a dilemma. Teacher Yan and then Tao Zun, Tao Zun and then the people know and respect learning.
the book of rites? Learn to remember. It means: respecting teachers is the most difficult way to learn. Only by respecting teachers can we be honest; Only by emphasizing the Tao can ordinary people know how to attach importance to learning.
learning depends on respecting teachers.
the language "Lv Chunqiu? Persuade to learn. To learn knowledge quickly, the first thing is to respect the teacher.
[factual argument ]
Yang Shi, a famous scholar in the Song Dynasty, became a teacher of Cheng Yi at the age of forty. One snowy noon, Yang Shi and his classmates had questions when they were reading, so they went to consult Cheng Yi. At that time, Cheng Yi was taking a nap, and they stood at the door, waiting for the teacher to wake up; When Cheng Yi woke up and found them, the place where they stood had left deep footprints in the snow.
Japanese respect teachers. The Japanese have a tradition of respecting teachers. They generally think that teachers are making self-sacrifice for society. Therefore, when a passenger wearing a "teacher's uniform" appears on a bus, no matter the age of the person, other passengers will take the initiative to give up their seats. This gives teachers a sense of honor.
tolerance
[Famous sayings]
All rivers run into the sea, and tolerance is great; The wall stands on the wall, and it is just without desire. (Lin Zexu)
The noblest revenge is forgiveness. (Hugo)
Sometimes the moral shock caused by tolerance is stronger than punishment. {Suhomlinski)
A great man has two hearts: one is bleeding and the other is tolerant. (Ji Bolun)
[Interpretation of epigrams ]
Wider is more popular.
the Analects of Confucius? Yang Huo. Being generous to others will win the support of all.
a gentleman is virtuous but tolerant, knowing but tolerant of fools, knowledgeable but tolerant of shallowness, and pithy but tolerant of miscellaneous.
< Xunzi? Non-phase. It means: a gentleman is virtuous and can accommodate incompetent people. He is smart and can accommodate ignorant people, knowledgeable and can accommodate ignorant people, and his morality is pure and can accommodate people with complicated conduct.
[ factual argument ]
Lv Duan, the magnanimous prime minister of the Song Dynasty in Lv Duan, was generous and forgiving all his life, and he never cared if others offended him. Others misunderstood him, or told the emperor about him in order to crowd him out, but he didn't say much, just saying, "As far as I'm concerned, I'm fearless, and I'm not worried about the storm."
A girl of Liszt's students is going to give a concert, and she lied on the poster that she is Liszt's student. Liszt appeared in front of the girl the day before the performance. The girl was terrified, saying that she pretended to be out of her livelihood and asked for forgiveness. Sinter asked her to give him the music bullet and give him some advice. Finally, she said brightly, "Play together boldly. You are my student now. You can tell the theater manager that there will be another program at the party and the teacher will play it for the students. "
cooperation < p